Occurrence of Saurida isarankurai Shindo and Yamada 1972 from the west coast of India

A total of eight species of the genus Saurim, Val. 1849, viz. Saurida tumbil (Bloch, 1795), Saurida gracilis Quay and Gaimard, 1824; Saurida undosquamis (Richardson 1848). Sourido longimonus Norman. 1939; Saurida micropectoralis Shindo and Yamada 1972 Sourido wanieso Shindo and Yamada, 1972, Saurida isarankurai Shindo and Yamada. 1972 and Saurida pseudotumbil Dull and Vidya Sagar, 1981 are known to occur in the seas around India (Day 1877, Munro 1955, Norman 1935, Rao 1977, Dutt and Vidya Sagar 1981, Nanda and Ramamoorthi 1982, Fischer and Whitehead 1974, Waples 1983). Dull and Vidya Sagar (1981) reported S. isarankuurai from India on the basis of material from Visakhapatnam and Kakinada, but did not provide any description. Later Nanda and Ramamoorthi (1982) reported this species again as a new record from India on the basis of one specimen from Porto Novo. While studying the taxonomy and biology of lizardfishes from the wcst coast of lndia, we collected several specimens of S. isarankuura

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID

Objective: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the antioxidant effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). CLA is a collective term for a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid with conjugated double bond system. CLA is found in milk products and ruminant meat. CLA has been proved to be having many health benefits, one of them one being antioxidant effect.Methods: Various methods are used to find out the antioxidant effect of CLA. They are 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay, hydroxy radical scavenging assay, nitrous oxide radical scavenging assay, reducing power method, and phosphomolybdenum antioxidant assay. All these methods were done to test the antioxidant activity of CLA.Results: Standards error of mean calculated for all the tests. Statistical analysis done using one-way analysis of variance between the groups and SPSS software version 20 is used. p<0.05 is considered statistically significant. All the tests are statistically significant.Conclusion: As p values for all the tests came significant, and it was concluded that CLA has got antioxidant property. CLA could protect membranes composed of 1-palmitoyl 2-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine from oxidative modification under conditions of metal ion-dependent or -independent oxidative stress. Finally, it was concluded that CLA has got potential health benefits such as weight reduction, antiaging, and antioxidative properties

Unusual occurrence of oil sardine along Uchila and Ullal beach on 21st and 28th July 2000

In an unusual instance, live oil sardine in very good numbers were handpicked from the beach at Uchila and Ullal, near Someshwara 20 km south of Mangalore. The beach at Someshwara is very steep and the sea is very rough especially during the monsoon months

'Marinefish-famine'(?) In Karnataka with particular reference to Udupi district during 1998-'99

'Marinefish-famine' is an issue often raised by the fishermen of Karnataka over the past several years whenever, they are affected monetarily and there is a failure of major fisheries of the region like mackerel and oil sardine and the high-value resources like cuttlefishes, squids and prawnsThe production of 1,64,710 t in 1998 is less by 12.3%(23,048 t) compared to 1997 but, higher than the average production of 1.59,567 t for 1993-'97. Therefore, this marginal decrease in production in 1998 cannot be considered as anyfishfamine condition in the marine fishery sectorof the state during 1998. As far as the fishery situation during 1998-99 in the Udupi district is concerned, the study on the fish landing at the largest landing centre of the district i.e., Malpe Fisheries Harbour shows that the production during 1998-'99 was normal compared to the past several years but, when compared to the previous year (which was one of the two most productive years since the commssioning of the MFH in 1986-'87 with a record landing of 50,558 t), the landing declined by 31.4% (15,897 t). Short-term, long-term and cyclic fluctuations in marine fish landings are common features and are governed by a complex of biotic and abiotic factors and the exact causes for these variations are largely unknown. Therefore, the decrease of 12.8 and 31.4% in the marine fish landings of the state and Udupi district with reference to Malpe Fisheries Harbour respectively during 1998-'99 can be treated as one such short-term fluctuations and hence, the year cannot be considered as fish famin

Mussel culture in mulky estuary, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka during 1997-'99

During 1997-'98 seasons, the mussel culture activities were carried out at Mulky estuary with the active participation of local fishermen and the growth rate was studied. Culture work was continued at two places in Mulky estuary during 1998-'99 seasons. The growth rate of mussels in Chitrapu area was higher than that observed in Mulky area. During 1998-'99 seasons, the meat content of the harvested mussel was low as they had spawned before the harvest. The culture works carried out at Mulky estuary reveal that mussel culture can be profitabily done during October-May months in Mulky estuary. The fishermen group can take up the culture activities as a part-time venture as the culture involves minimum labour only during the initial period and thereafter it needs little husbandry work. There is good demand for mussels in monsoon months when supply of marine fish is less due to ban on mechanized fishing. Mussels harvested in May can be processed and marketed for sale during the lean season, for which infrastructural facilities have to be developed. Once the marketing infrastructure is developed mussel culture activities can be taken up by more fishermen group in a profitable manner

An Investigation into Cell Suspension Parameters of Moringa

The abstract presents an investigation into cell suspension parameters of Moringa, focusing on optimizing growth conditions for enhanced cell culture. Moringa, known for its nutritional and medicinal value, holds potential for various applications. This study delves into the effects of key parameters including growth media composition, pH levels, temperature, agitation, and inoculum density on cell suspension cultures of Moringa. Through systematic experimentation and analysis, the research identifies optimal conditions that promote cell growth, metabolite production, and biomass accumulation. The findings shed light on the intricate interplay between these parameters and their impact on cellular behavior. Furthermore, the study contributes to the broader understanding of plant cell suspension systems and their potential applications in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. The insights gained from this investigation pave the way for scalable and sustainable cultivation of Moringa cells, fostering advancements in diverse sectors reliant on this remarkable plan

Fire accident occurred at the Malpe Fisheries Harbour premises on 31-12-1993

On the fire accident occurred at the Malpe Fisheries Harbour premises on 31-12-199

Rescue of the MERTK phagocytic defect in a human iPSC disease model using translational read-through inducing drugs.

Inherited retinal dystrophies are an important cause of blindness, for which currently there are no effective treatments. In order to study this heterogeneous group of diseases, adequate disease models are required in order to better understand pathology and to test potential therapies. Induced pluripotent stem cells offer a new way to recapitulate patient specific diseases in vitro, providing an almost limitless amount of material to study. We used fibroblast-derived induced pluripotent stem cells to generate retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) from an individual suffering from retinitis pigmentosa associated with biallelic variants in MERTK. MERTK has an essential role in phagocytosis, one of the major functions of the RPE. The MERTK deficiency in this individual results from a nonsense variant and so the MERTK-RPE cells were subsequently treated with two translational readthrough inducing drugs (G418 & PTC124) to investigate potential restoration of expression of the affected gene and production of a full-length protein. The data show that PTC124 was able to reinstate phagocytosis of labeled photoreceptor outer segments at a reduced, but significant level. These findings represent a confirmation of the usefulness of iPSC derived disease specific models in investigating the pathogenesis and screening potential treatments for these rare blinding disorders

SSR allele frequency changes in response to recurrent selection for pearl millet grain yield and other agronomic traits

Allele frequency changes resulting from conventional recurrent selection were monitored at 34 SSR loci distributed across all 7 linkage groups using full-sibprogenies (50 each) from released pearl millet openpollinated variety CO (Cu) 9 and its four immediate progenitor populations (ICMP 87750, ICMP 91751,ICMP 93752 and UCC 23). Agronomic performance of these 250 full-sibs was assessed in two seasons of replicated field trials at ICRISAT, Patancheru, India, which demonstrated significant selection responses for flowering time and grain, stover and biomass yields, and their components. These selection responses were accompanied by significant, but non-linear, frequency changes for common alleles at many monitored SSR loci.Substantial genetic variability remains within CO (Cu) 9,suggesting further selection to improve its grain and stover yield performance should be effective

Challenges of Cardio-Kidney Composite Outcomes in Large-Scale Clinical Trials

Patients with chronic cardiovascular or metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and heart failure, often have comorbid kidney disease. Indeed, long-term outcomes are worse in the setting of both cardiac and kidney disease compared with either disease in isolation. In addition, the clinical presentations of certain acute cardiovascular events (such as heart failure) and worsening kidney function are overlapping and may be challenging to distinguish. Recently, certain novel treatments have demonstrated beneficial effects on both cardiac and kidney outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors have exhibited concordant risk reduction and clinically important benefits in chronic kidney disease with and without diabetes, diabetes and established cardiovascular disease or multiple atherosclerotic vascular disease risk factors, and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction with and without diabetes mellitus. In addition, primary trial results have revealed that sacubitril-valsartan therapy improves cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and post-hoc analyses suggest favorable kidney effects. A concordant pattern of kidney benefit with sacubitril-valsartan has also been observed in chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Given the complex interplay between cardiac and kidney disease and the possibility that treatments may show concordant cardio-kidney benefits, there has been recent interest to acknowledge formally, define, and utilize composite cardio-kidney outcomes in future cardiovascular trials. This review describes potential challenges in utilization of such outcomes that should be considered and addressed prior to their incorporation into such trials