Processibility of black garbage bag as a novel binder system in metal injection molding

The issues to be highlighted here is to fundamentally evaluate the potential of using waste Garbage Bag from High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) as a backbone binder in Metal Injection Molding (MIM.) This is by the fact that the earth has tons of Garbage Bag disposed every day and researcher believes such waste can be converted into more beneficial industrial product. Thus this research investigates the potential uses of garbage bag as a novel binder system in metal injection molding. Stainless steel SS316L was used which is garbage bag (HDPE) and palm kernel acts as binder system. Feedstock with three composition 30%, 40% and 55% powder loading (PL) were injected by injection molding machine with several injection parameter were optimized such as injection temperature (A), barrel temperature (B), injection pressure (C) and Speed (D). The optimum parameter for highest green density, strength were optimized in Taguchi Method orthogonal Array L9 ( 3 ) and analysed by using Signal to Noise Ratio (S/N ratio).Results shows the optimum variables for 30% PL the highest density is A0, B2, C1 and D0 while for green strength are combination of A0, B0, C0, D1. For powder loading 40%, the optimize parameter for highest green part density are A2, B2, C0 and D2 and A0, B0, C1, and D0 for green strength. Besides, the highest green density for 0.55 PL by following the optimum variable are A2 , B2, C0 and D2 while for highest green strength are A2, B2, C2, and D2. Garbage bag are suitable acted as a binder system in metal injection molding. Furthermore, it could reduce the cost of binder system. The suitable volume ratios in mixing process produce a better feedstock in order to produce the green part by injection molding. Taguchi Method is among the best method in optimizing the injection variables as it can reduce the cost, time, improve accuracy and efficienc

Optimization processability of ss316l used natural hydroxyapatite from waste tilapia fish bones in metal injection molding

Application of waste Tilapia Fish bones is introduced as a Natural Hydroxyapatite (NHAP) powder in metal injection moulding. Feedstock were prepared based on water atomized Stainless steel 316L (SS316L) and combination of NHAP powder bind with Low density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Palm stearin (PS). The results of rheological analysis show feedstocks with 63 and 64 wt.% of powder loading for both 90 wt.% SS316L and 10 wt.% NHAP and 85 wt.% SS316L and 15 wt.% NHAP composites shows a pseudoplastic behaviour. The screening of injection moulding and thermal debinding were conducted by using ANOVA. The significant parameters towards highest density and strength for injection moulding are injection temperature (A), mould temperature (B), injection pressure (C), and injection speed (D). Moreover, the significant parameters for thermal debinding were heating rate (A), temperature (B), dwell time (C), and cooling rate (D). The entire parameters have achieved the confident level above 90% using F-test and any interactions of A×B, A×C, and B×C were omitted since the results were insignificant. Taguchi method and Grey relational analysis was successfully employed for optimising the injection and debinding parameters. The optimisation of injection moulding process revealed the optimum condition for multiple response (density and strength) was injection temperature at 170 °C, mold temperature at 50 °C, 65 % of injection pressure and 60 % of injection speed. The optimisation of solvent debinding discovered the highest density and palm stearin loss. The optimum parameter for multiple condition was 8 hours of immersion time at 40 °C by using hexane in dilution of 15:1 solvent to feed ratio. The extraction process indicates that hexane solution was better compared to heptane and isooctane with respected higher percentages of palm stearin loss. The optimal condition of thermal debinding process was heating rate at 4 °C/min, temperature at 550 °C, 60 minutes of dwelling time and 4°C/min cooling rate and produced good quality brown parts. The final sintered part also shows good mechanical properties and microstructure of SS316L/NHAP parts

The Degree of Application of The Academic Leaders in Jordanian Universities to The Concept of Trust in Achieving Integrity and Transparency from The Perspective of The Faculty Members

The study aimed to reveal the degree of application of academic leaders in Jordanian universities to the concept of trust in achieving integrity and transparency from the perspective of faculty members. The researcher used a descriptive survey method and a questionnaire as a study tool. The study sample consisted of (300) faculty members. The results showed that the degree of academic leaders' application of the concept of trust in achieving integrity and transparency came to a large degree, and the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the responses of the sample members on the degree of application of trust in achieving integrity and transparency due to the variables: gender, academic rank, job title and type of College, while there were differences due to the variable type of university that was in favor of private universities. Keywords: trust, integrity, transparency, Jordanian universities DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-2-06 Publication date: January 31st 202

Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Commitment among Polytechnic Lecturers: A Case Study On Malaysia Northern Zone

Knowing one’s feeling and emotion, controlled the emotion and sympathize with others is all about emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence has an impact, role and related to organizational commitment. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment using Goleman (2001) that hypothesized, four of emotional intelligence dimensions as a theoretical framework to understand the meaning of emotional intelligence that comprises of self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management.   Particularly, this research is definitely to understand the relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment, so that to better understanding of organizational commitment, Meyer and Allen (1990) has proposed a three component model of organizational commitment that consists of affective, normative and continuance commitment. Each component would have a different way of thinking and implications of job behavior (Meyer and Allen, 1991; Powell and Meyer, 2004). Data collected from Polytechnic in Kedah across the district of Alor Setar and Kulim were used to test these relationships and data were analyzed using the 18.0 version of The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The relevance of emotional intelligence and organizational commitment is tested among 250 teachers of Polytechnic using questionnaire as an instrument. The results will indicate that whether there is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence as an overall construct and organizational commitment. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Organizational Commitmen

An efficient iris image thresholding based on binarization threshold in black hole search method

In iris recognition system, the segmentation stage is one of the most important stages where the iris is located and then further segmented into outer and lower boundary of iris region. Several algorithms have been proposed in order to segment the outer and lower boundary of the iris region. The aim of this research is to identify the suitable threshold value in order to locate the outer and lower boundaries using Black Hole Search Method. We chose these methods because of the ineffient features of the other methods in image indetification and verifications. The experiment was conducted using three data set; UBIRIS, CASIA and MMU because of their superiority over others. Given that different iris databases have different file formats and quality, the images used for this work are jpeg and bmp. Based on the experimentation, most suitable threshold values for identification of iris aboundaries for different iris databases have been identified. It is therefore compared with the other methods used by other researchers and found out that the values of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.1 for database UBIRIS, CASIA and MMU respectively are more accurate and comprehensive. The study concludes that threshold values vary depending on the database

Development of alginate – gum arabic beads for targeted delivery of protein

Controlled release beads were prepared by using the combination of alginate and gum Arabic through ionotropic gelation method. Bovine serum albumin was used as model protein for in vitro assessments. The effect of amount of sodium alginate and gum Arabic as the factor affecting protein encapsulation efficiency and protein release were optimized and analyzed by using RSM-FCCD. It was observed that protein encapsulation efficiency was increased and protein release was decreased with the increase of both of the amount of sodium alginate and gum Arabic, used as polymer blend. The optimized beads showed high encapsulation efficiency (87.5 ± 3.65%) with suitable protein release (100% protein release after almost 4 hrs). The swelling of beads were highly influenced by pH of dissolution medium. These beads were also characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM and TA for protein-excipients interaction, beads surface morphology and beads strength, respectively. These calcium alginate/gum Arabic beads have good potential to be used as delivery vehicle for protein drugs

Fermented fish products: a review on the manufacturing process, technological aspect, sensory, nutritional qualities and metabolite profiles

Fermented fish products are traditional foods which have a long history of use as condiment and side dishes in many countries especially Southeast Asia and Asian countries. Today, fermented fish products are gaining importance and have a great potential in the food industry as general populace start to realize their unique characteristics. The indigenous fermented fish products are renowned for their umami taste and special aroma characters besides possess high nutritional values. This review article focuses on the manufacturing process of various fermented fish products, their technological aspect, sensory and nutritional qualities. In addition, the research works carried out on metabolites profiles of fermented fish products is also reviewed. This review paper provides an extensive knowledge and broad information on fermented fish products which can be used as reference to improve the products quality

Antimicrobial effect of seaweeds against oral-borne pathogens: a review

Dental caries is known as the most common and preventable dental disease. This multifactorial disease has been found to be a major concern worldwide. This dental caries has been proved to be caused by the presence of oral pathogen. Seaweeds show many health-promoting effects, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-cancer properties. The versatility of the seaweed has attracted many researchers to use seaweed extracts as alternative treatment against multiple diseases. However, little attention has been paid to the application of antimicrobial properties of seaweed against oral pathogenic microorganisms. The substances isolated from red, brown and green seaweeds showing potent antimicrobial activity are polysaccharides, phlorotannins, pigments, fatty acids, lectins, terpenoids, alkaloids and halogenated compounds. Current research is shifting into fully grasping the antimicrobial potential of seaweeds against oral microbes that cause dental caries or periodontal disease. Hence, this mini-review will highlight the antimicrobial properties of three types of seaweed species (red, brown, and green) against selected oral pathogenic microorganisms

Diagnosis practice in Malay medicine based on the kitab tib

This article will highlight the practices practiced in Malay medicine to diagnose an illness experienced by a patient based on the information contained in the kitab tib. This study will focus on six kitab tib that have been transliterated to roman writing. Then, these kitab tib will be analyzed to determine the diagnostic practices presented therein and structured their information based on certain categories and justifications. The main purpose is to analyze the contents of the kitab tib based on these three criteria (i) the diagnosis practices used in each kitab tib, (ii) the elements that influence the diagnosis based on each kitab tib, (iii) the main diagnostic method set forth in each kitab tib. As a result of this study, the practice of diagnosis in Malay medicine based on these kitab tib emphasizes on identifying imbalances between the four main elements of the body namely wind, fire, water and soil. These four elements will affect the state of the fluid in the body and consequently affect the results of the diagnosis. With this, it will determine the appropriate treatment to be given to a patient but it is necessary to provide latest complete analytical information to produce more accurate treatment results

Screening of fatty acid compound of S. polycystum for anti-cariogenic potential

Introduction: Dental caries is the most common yet preventable disease. Study found that seaweed exhibits anti-cariogenic properties. However, little attention have been given to the study on anticariogenic properties of seaweed and the bioactive compound that responsible for the anticariogenic activities have not adequately investigated. This study was conducted to evaluate the best extraction methods for S. polycystum and to determine the fatty acid compounds of S. polycystum that have anti-cariogenic potential against oral cariogenic bacteria. Materials and Methods: Dried seaweeds were extracted by soxhlet using three different solvents (methanol, dichloromethane and hexane). The crude extracts were kept in a close container at -20 degree Celsius. The bioactive compound of the crude extract of seaweeds was analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (GCMS). Results: Highest extraction yield in S. polycystum was produced by methanol extraction followed by hexane and dichloromethane. GCMS analysis revealed that the presence of palmitic acid (18.02%) as major compound, followed by oleic acid (8.44%), lauric acid (5.23%), myristic acid (3.60%), heptadecanoic acid (2.23%), 9-hexadenoic acid (1.82%) and the lowest is 2-methylhexadecan-1-ol (1.75%). Conclusion(s): Methanol extraction is the most efficient solvent as it produced the highest extraction yield in S. polycystum.Lauric acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid and oleic acid detected in S. polycystum have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activities thus proved the potentiality of S. polycystum as anti-cariogenic agent