Compare the Values of Blood Lactate and Heart Rate of Kickboxers during Kickboxing Matches

The aim of this study was to compare the values of heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BL) of kickboxers during kickboxing match.This study was conducted with the participation of 18 male and 16 female sportsman in Turkish Kickboxing championship, an organization of Turkish Kickboxing Federation. After the participant athletes read and signed informed voluntary consent form (BGOF) prepared for them, the measurements were collected.While no significant difference was found between ages, pre-match HR, post-match HR, pre and post-match BL of male and female Kickboxers, a significant difference was statistically found between the height (P˂0.05) and body weights (P˂0.01) of athletes. Age distribution of athletes was determined as 14-23 and mean age distribution was determined as 17.03±2.41. HR pressures of athletes differs according to pre-match and post-match periods (P˂0.001). As HR frequencies increase by 29.4% according to pre-match HR regardless of the gender, this increase was determined as 31.4% for male athletes and 27.2% for female athletes. While post-match BLs of athletes increase by 4.02 times compared to pre-match regardless of the gender, this increase was determined as 4.20 for male athletes and 3.82 for female athletes.Kickboxing is a combat sport which has high intensity of anaerobic physical fitness. Matches and rounds for HR and BL concentrations show the importance of the aerobic metabolism in kickboxing. However, the significant rise of HR and BL during simulated match indicates that the anaerobic metabolism is also important in kickboxing

EXAMINATION OF ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION ACTIVITIES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL 9TH AND 10TH GRADE PHYSICS TEXTBOOKS IN TERMS OF REVISED BLOOM TAXONOMY AND SCIENCE LITERACY COMPETENCE LEVELS: THE SAMPLE OF TURKEY

The purpose of this research is to examine assessment and evaluation activities of secondary school 9th and 10th grade physics textbooks in Turkey according to the revised Bloom Taxonomy and PISA science literacy competence levels. In this study document review, a qualitative research method was used. Within the scope of the study, assessment tools of 9th and 10th grade secondary school physics textbooks which are recommended by the Ministry of Education (Turkey) to be used in the 2017-2018 academic year were examined. As a result of the study, assessment and evaluation activities of 9th and 10th grade physics textbooks were found to meet generally 1, 2, 3 and 4 levels of PISA Science literacy competence levels. Moreover, when the same activities were examined according to the revised Bloom Taxonomy, the vast majority of the assessment activities are at the factual and conceptual level of the knowledge accumulation dimension, and at the applying and understanding sub-dimensions of the cognitive process dimension.  Article visualizations

COMPARISON OF SOME BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES DURING KICKBOXING COMPETITIONS

Background: Kickboxing is a high-intensity, intermittent combat sport, which is characterized by short-term complex abilities and tactical key movements. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the factors related to variability in potential biochemical parameters and competition behavior of high-level kickboxing athletes. Methods: Blood samples of athletes, which were obtained pre- and post-maximal competition applied in accordance with the period, were investigated. In the study, a total of 50 athletes, which consisted of 39 male and 11 female amateur athletes with a mean age of 20.08 ± 6.33. Results: Significant differences were determined in the Body Mass Index (BMI) values between females and males. It was determined that athletes’ Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Total Oxidant Level (TOL) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) values were significantly increased pre- and post-competition while it was determined that Total Antioxidant Level (TAL) were significantly decreased (

The tendencies and assessments of post graduate thesis made in the field of life study teachingHayat bilgisi öğretimi alanında yapılan lisansüstü tezlerinin eğilimleri ve değerlendirilmesi

The purpose of this study is to search the post-graduate thesis that are made in the field of life study. The study consists of 114 post-graduate thesis that have been made on life studies in Turkey. Due to limitation that the thesis are not clear for readers, all the thesis are not reached. For this reason, the study sample consists of 52 post-graduate thesis (46 post-graduate and 6 doctoral) that are made from 2005 to 2012 on life studies and open for access. In this study, the document analysis method is used by using screening model on post-graduate and doctoral thesis that are made in the field of life study teaching. As a result of this research it is determined that less works are done in the field of life studies at the doctoral level, quantitative research is generally used, the study is made with teachers, questionnaires are used as data collection, the statistical technique descriptive technique, the thesis advisors were advisors who have Asst.Prof.Dr titles, and most researches have been made for the program. There are quite a few studies on planning, concept teaching themes of life studies and on related sub-themes of combined classes. Thesis that are made in this area should be evaluated at regular intervals and should be a light for further studies. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, hayat bilgisi alanında yapılan lisansüstü tez çalışmalarını incelemektir. Araştırmanın evrenini, Türkiye’de hayat bilgisi dersi ile ilgili yapılmış olan 114 adet lisansüstü eğitim tezi oluşturmaktadır. Tezlerin okuyucuya açık olmamasındaki sınırlılıktan ötürü tezlerin hepsine ulaşılamamıştır. Bu nedenle araştırmanın örneklemini, 2005 yılından 2012 yılına kadar hayat bilgisi dersi ile ilgili yapılmış olan ve erişime açık olan 52 lisansüstü eğitim tezi (46 yüksek lisans ve 6 doktora) oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada; hayat bilgisi öğretimi alanında yapılan yüksek lisans ve doktora tezi çalışmaları tarama modelinde desenlenerek, doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda hayat bilgisi alanında doktora düzeyinde çalışmaların az yapıldığı, genelde nicel araştırma deseni kullanıldığı, evren olarak öğretmenlerle çalışıldığı, veri toplama aracı olarak anketlerin kullanıldığı, istatiksel tekniğin betimsel teknik olduğu, tez danışmanlığını Yrd. Doç. Dr. unvanına sahip danışmanların yaptığı ve en çok programa yönelik araştırmalar yapıldığı hayat bilgisi öğretimi temalarında planlama, kavram öğretimi ve birleştirilmiş sınıf ile ilgili alt temalarda oldukça az çalışma bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu alanda yapılan tezler belirli aralıklarla değerlendirilmeli ve yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutulmalıdır

Examination of Changes in Certain Biochemical Parameters Before and After Acute Training in Kick Boxers

Kickbox is one of the modern martial sports. The psychophysiological demands of a kickbox competition require that athletes achieve high thresholds in various aspects of physical fitness.The aim of this study is to analyze and evaluate the physiological properties of kickbox athletes and the activity profile properly in order to put forward proposals for training and new scientific research fields. The blood samples, which were taken before and after the maximal training applied to athletes according to the period, were studied. A total of 50 athletes, including 39 male and 11 female amateurs, were included in the study, with an average age of 20.08±6.33 years. All participants were informed about the study and necessary approvals. There was a significant difference between males and females in terms of BMI (Body Mass Index). It was observed that the GSH values of the athletes increased before and after training in both males and females. On the other hand, IL-1B (interleukin) only increased in males (p<0.05). The information obtained shows that the analyses of the before and after training male kickboxers at the amateur level are significantly more different than that of women. Since GSH is an effective tripeptide of antioxidants involved in the detoxification of harmful compounds, its synthesis is very important for metabolism. It can be said that GSH (glutathione) level may increase with normal exercise in daily life and training in athletes. Furthermore, the athletes should be analyzed metabolically well in response to the stress that may be caused by heavy exercise, and the exercise for improving performance should be achieved by detecting biochemical changes

Influence of Preoperative Pain Duration on Microsurgical Varicocelectomy Outcomes

Objective. To investigate the question of whether duration of pain before surgery ultimately affects sperm parameters after varicocelectomy. Methods. Fifty patients with painful grade-3 varicocele were investigated prospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to their symptom period. The patients having had grade-3 varicocele for less than 1 year were included in Group-1 (Ge, n=25). Twenty-five patients who had painful grade-3 varicocele for more than 1 year (Gs, n=25) were classified in Group-2. Semen analysis was performed after 3 days of sexual abstinence twice a month. Total sperm concentration (TSC), rapidly progressive motility (SPa), and slow or sluggish motility (SPb) rates were noted. Pain was evaluated by using 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS). Results. Postoperative TSC and %SPb were significantly higher in both groups (P=0.01). There was no difference between two groups for preoperative and postoperative TSC, %SPa, % and SPb values. VAS significantly declined in both groups (P=0.005). This postoperative decline was not significant for intergroup comparison. Conclusions. Our results show that increase in semen quality and decrease in the pain after microsurgery varicocelectomy do not depend on the duration of the preoperative pain

İlkokul ve Ortaokul Son Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Metaforik Algı Olarak Kitap

The aim of this study is analysing the metaphors developed in regard to the book concepts of 4th and 8th grades of primary and secondary schools students. In this study, phenomenology model, one of the qualitative research methods was used.In this study, activity papers of 245 girls and 270 boys were used, and it was 515 in total. Analysis of documents of the metaphors developed in regard to the book concepts of students was made by content analysis method.Analysis of data obtained was consist of transferred toelectronic and extracting of documents,classification of metaphors and their reasons, the development of conceptual categories,reliability and validity studies and quantitative data analysis. Students developed 185 metaphors.Although there was not much difference between the number of participating studentsin the study, 4th grade students developed more metaphors than 8th grade students. When it was analysed the metaphors developed in regard to the book concepts, it was showed that 21 of 185 metaphors had the same expression. Similar metaphors were the most repeated metaphors. 185 metaphors were created from the eight conceptual categories; the book as a source of information (45), the book as an object (43), the book as description (26),the book as nature (20),the book as a person (18), the book as a place (14), the book as an action (13) and the book as acartoon hero (6).Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilkokul ve ortaokul son sınıf kademeleri olan 4. ve 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin kitap kavramına ilişkin geliştirdikleri metaforları incelemektir. Bu çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan olgu bilim modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya 2012-2013 Eğitim-Öğretim Yılı I. döneminde Sakarya İli merkez ilçe sınırları içerisinde yer alan üçer ilkokul ve ortaokulun son sınıflarında öğrenim gören515 öğrenci katılmıştır. Öğrencilerin “kitap” kavramına yönelik metaforlar geliştirdikleri dokümanların çözümlenmesi içerik analizi yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi dokümanların elektronik ortama aktarılması ve ayıklanması, metafor ve gerekçelerin sınıflandırılması, kavramsal kategorilerin geliştirilmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları ve nicel veri analizi aşamalarından oluşmaktadır.Öğrenciler 185 metafor geliştirmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğrenci sayıları arasında çok fark olmadığı halde 4.sınıf öğrencilerinin 8.sınıf öğrencilerine göre daha çok metafor geliştirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Kitap kavramına yönelik geliştirilen metaforlar incelendiğinde 185 metafordan 21’inin her iki sınıf düzeyindeki öğrenciler tarafından benzer ifade edildiği belirlenmiştir. Benzer metaforlar göz önünealındığında, bu metaforların en çok tekrarlanan metaforlardan oluştuğu dikkat çekmektedir. Toplam 185 metafordan 8 kavramsal kategori oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan bu 8 kavramsal kategoride yer alan metafor sayılarına göre; bilgi kaynağı olarak kitap (45), nesne olarak kitap (43), betimleme olarak kitap (26), doğa olarak kitap (20), kişi olarak kitap (18), mekân olarak kitap (14), eylem olarak kitap (13) ve çizgi kahraman olarak kitap (6) şeklinde sıralanmaktadır

Effects of Peer Education on Attitudes of Secondary School Students Towards the Course of Physical Education and Sports

The purpose of this study is to determine the changes in student attitudes towards the course of Physical Education and Sports as well as in students' development of skill as a result of using Peer Education in the course of Physical Education and Sports in secondary schools.The study was conducted with a total of 120 students, who studied in the 7th grade at Atatürk Secondary School located in the Province of Elazığ, District of Maden and at Cumhuriyet Secondary School located in the District of Sivrice, in the second term of 2015-2016 school year. The students in the sample group were divided into two 30-person groups, namely the control group and the experimental group. For heterogeneous selection of the students, the student selection was conducted by applying the Peer Educator Observation Form and the "Who is this?" Test in the classroom. The process was explained to the designated peer educators and their voluntary consent forms were obtained. "The Course of Physical Education Attitude Scale" was applied to all students before starting the process. After providing the students comprising the experimental group with the necessary information about peer education, the lessons were taught through the method of peer education. And in the control group, the course of physical education and sports was conducted through the traditional teaching methods. At the end of 4 weeks of application, "The Course of Physical Education Attitude Scale" was reapplied to both the experimental group and the control group.The attitude scale was applied twice, before and after the education. The qualitative data were obtained from the diaries of the physical education teachers and students. In the analysis of the data, for qualitative dimension, descriptive analysis, for quantitative data, %, frequency, for repetitive measurements, t test and one-way variance analysis were used. The SPSS (22) package program was used for the analysis of the quantitative data. The quantitative data were explained through tabulation. Again, the data obtained from observation forms were presented in the form of tables with their frequency and percentage values. Themes were obtained by coding the qualitative data.At the end of the research, the education received by the students in the experimental and control groups led to a significant difference in pre- and post-program attitude level in favor of the end-test. However, it was determined that being in different groups did not lead to a significant difference in students' attitude scores

Organik Antepfıstığı Yetiştiriciliği

Bu projenin amacı Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde antepfıstığı yetiştiriciliğinde bitki besleme ile hastalık ve zararlılara karşı organik tarımın uygun gördüğü preparatları kullanarak organik antepfıstığı yetiştiriciliğine veri tabanı oluşturmaktır. Araştırma 2002 yılında Antepfıstığı Araştırma Enstitüsünün Fıstıklık İşletmesinde, Tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre Uzun çeşidi antepfıstığı bahçesinde kurulmuştur. Araştırma parseline ahır gübresi, yeşil gübre, leonardit ve konvansiyonel tarımın uygulandığı alan olmak üzere dört farklı uygulama yapılmıştır. Hastalık ve zararlıların yönetiminde organik tarımın uygun gördüğü preparatlar uygulanmıştır. Verim ve kalite değerlendirmesi yapılmış konvansiyonel yetiştiricilikle Organik yetiştiricilik maliyet ve net kar açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Verim ve randıman yönünden uygulamalar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemsiz bulurken 100 meyve ağırlığında en iyi sonucu yeşil gübre uygulaması vermiştir. Çıtlama yönünden ise en iyi sonuç yeşil gübre ve leonardit uygulanan alanlardan elde edilmiştir Antepfıstığı yetiştiriciliğinde farklı uygulamalar net gelir yönünden karşılaştırılmış en fazla net gelir 502 TL/yıl (112,4 kg/da) ile yeşil gübre uygulamasından alınmış, konvansiyonel uygulamasından 430 TL/yıl (111 kg/da) net gelir elde edilmiştir. Uygulamaların net gelir yönünden farklı çıkmasında yeşil gübre uygulamasının üretim maliyetinin düşük ve organik ürünün fiyatının yüksek olması etkili olmuştur. Bu çalışma organik antepfıstığı yetiştiriciliğinde ilk olduğundan bundan sonra yapılacak çalışmalar için hem veri sağlayacak hem de bu konuda yapılacak araştırmacılara rehberlik edecektir. Organik antepfıstığı yetiştiriciliği konusunda farklı besleme ve mücadele materyali ile farklı yöntemler alternatif olarak araştırma konusu yapılarak çalışmalara devam edilmelidir. Özellikle pazarda organik ürünün talep ve fiyat durumunu belirleyecek araştırma çalışmaları yapılmalıdır. Antepfıstığı bahçelerinde organik yetiştiricilik uygulamaları daha uzun yıllar devam ettirilmeli ve uygulamaları ağacın taç, gövde ve sürgün gelişimine ve dolayısıyla toplam verime etkisi ortaya konmalıdır

Non-Valvuler Atriyal Fibrilasyonu Olan Hastalarda Kanama Risk Sınıflandırılmasında Platelet-Lenfosit Oranının Yeni Kullanımları: Pilot Çalışma

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the role of platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) to predict bleeding risk in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Secondary aim was to determine the possible relation between PLR and thromboembolic and bleeding risk scores. Tertiary aim was to evaluate the predictive value of PLR for the patients in the therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) range. Method: PLR was calculated from the complete blood count of 228 patients who were under warfarin management for NVAF. The patients were called and it was questioned whether they had experienced the bleeding event within six months after measurement of the PLR values. Correspondence/Yazışma Adresi: Kahraman Cosansu, Deparment of Cardiology, Sakarya University, Education and Research Hospital Sakarya, Turkey, 54100 e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.705814 Results: Bleeding event was observed in 48 patients after the PLR was calculated. It was found significantly correlation between PLR and CHA2DVAS2C (p165,9 was determined significant indicator for bleeding (p 165,9 değeri kanama için önemli bir gösterge olarak belirlendi (p <0.001) ve 12 kattan fazla kanama riski olduğunu gösterdi (12.27, [5.74-26.21]). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları PLR'nin kanama riskini saptamak için yararlı bir parametre olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla, bu PLR'nin hem CHA2DS2-VASc hem de HAS-BLED risk skorları ile korelasyonunu gösteren ilk çalışmadır. PLR ayrıca terapötik INR aralığındaki hastaları da öngörebilir