ZnxCd1-x (O) Thin Film Nanorods for PV Applications

ZnxCd1-x (O) nanorods (NRs) thin films were deposited on ITO glass substrate by using a single step controlled electrodeposition process. Thin films of crystalline nature with zinc and cadmium concentration changing from 10% - 90% were electrodeposited onto ITO conductive glass substrates. XRD analysis confirms a hexagonal wurtzite structure having grain size 37 nm. The FESEM images of ZnxCd1-x (O) shows that hexagonal nanorods were first time synthesized via electrodeposition technique at temperature of 90 oC and the size of each regular plane of hexagonal nanorods is about 63nm. The Cd content of ZnxCd1-xO nanorods was as high as (about) 16.7 at% which as calculated by EDX. Remarkably, the ultra-violet (UV) near-band-edge (NBE) emission was red-shifted from 3.21 eV to 3.04 eV due to the direct modulation of band gap caused by Cd substitution, revealed by UV visible spectroscopy. Temperature is deemed as a key parameter for the formation of different morphologies of ZnxCd1-x (O) nanostructures. Finally, ZnxCd1-xO hexagonal nanorods thin film is used as one electrode in photovoltaic cells to produce energy by absorbing the energy from the sun, this single junction cells have been put forward as a potential low-cost alternative to the widely used solar cells. However, the cost effectiveness is due to the ZnxCd1-xO nanorods electrode. Copyright © IJNST, all rights reserved

Word-Graph Construction Techniques for Context Analysis

A Nomo-Word Graph Construction Analysis Method (NWGC-AM) is used to graph let the corresponding construction phrases into essential and non-essential citation groups. NMCS-NR, or Nomo Maximum Common Sub-graph edge resemblance, Maximum Common Subgraph Directed Edge resemblance (MCS-DER), and Maximum Common Subgraph Resemblance. The graph resemblance metrics used in this work are called Undirected Edges Resemblance (MCS-UER). The tests included five distinct classifiers: Random Forest, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Trees, and Support Vector Machines (SVM).Four sixty one (361) citations made up the annotated dataset used for the studies.  The Decision Tree classifier exhibits superior performance, attaining an accuracy rate of 0.98

A study on management of tennis elbow by local platelet rich plasma injection

Background: Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow), a familiar term used to describe myriad symptoms around the lateral aspect of the elbow can occur during activities that require repetitive supination and pronation of the forearm with the elbow in near full extension. This condition can cause severe discomfort to the patient resulting in debilitation and impairment of routine activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of local autologous platelet rich plasma injection in the treatment of tennis elbow.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on 50 patients of either sex with an average age of 45.92 years, presenting to the Orthopaedic OPD of SHKM Government Medical College Hospital, Nalhar, NUH, Haryana between November 2016 and February 2018, with a diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis. All the patients were treated with local platelet rich plasma injection and the results were analysed through the assessment of visual analog score (VAS) and disability of arm shoulder and hand (DASH) score. The patients were followed up for a period of 6 months after the local injection of platelet rich plasma.Results: Majority of the patients had significant relief with this method. The VAS and DASH score improved from the pre-treatment values of 8.7 and 74.6 to 2.6 and 29.8 respectively, which was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: Thus results of our study demonstrate that the local injection of platelet rich plasma is a safe and effective method of treatment of lateral epicondylitis

A study on management of paediatric supracondylar humerus fractures with lateral percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation

Background: Supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children is a common injury encountered in orthopaedic practice. Undisplaced fractures can be managed conservatively, however displaced fractures need proper reduction and adequate fixation for attainment of optimal functional and cosmetic outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of lateral percutaneous Kirschner (K) wire fixation in the management of displaced supracondylar fractures in relation to achievement of union and functional results.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on 70 patients of either sex with an average age of 5.98 years, presenting to the Orthopaedic Department of S.H.K.M. Government Medical College Hospital, Nalhar, Nuh, Haryana between February 2016 and February 2018, with displaced supracondylar fractures of humerus. All the patients were managed by closed reduction and percutaneous lateral K wire fixation. The patients were followed up for a period of 1 year. The patients were analyzed for union and functional results.Results: All the fractures united with an average time of union of 3.8 weeks. Functional results were assessed using Flynn’s criteria, which were excellent in 58 (82.86%), good in 7 (10%), fair in 3 (4.28%) and poor in 2 (2.86%) patients.Conclusions: Thus results of our study demonstrate that the lateral percutaneous K wire fixation is a safe and effective method of treatment of displaced paediatric supracondylar humerus fractures

Preparation of Zn0.6Cd0.4o nanorods and its characterization

Hexagonal nanorods of Zn0.6Cd0.4O thin films were synthesized by electrodeposition technique using 0.6% of ZnCl2 and 0.4% of CdCl2 electrolytes. The synthesized Zn0.6Cd0.4O nanorods have uniform hexagonal crystallographic planes, and their diameters are about 100 nm. The ultra-violet (UV) near-band-edge (NBE) emission was red-shifted from 2.75 eV to 3.02 eV due to the direct tailoring of band gap caused by Cd/Zn substitution. The FESEM images of Zn0.6Cd0.4O confirms that hexagonal nanorods were first time synthesized via electrodeposition technique at temperature of 90 oC and the size of each regular face of hexagonal nanorods is about 63.6 nm. The characterizations for Zn0.6Cd0.4O were analyzed and the temperature is a key parameter for the formation of different morphologies of Zn0.6Cd0.4O nanostructures

Understanding Public Opinions on Social Media about ChatGPT – A deep Learning Approach for Sentiment Analysis

User-generated multimedia content—photos, text, videos, and audio—is becoming more and more common on social networking sites to allow individuals to express their thoughts. One of the largest and most advanced social media platform discussing ChatGPT is Twitter. This is because Twitter updates are constantly being produced and have a limited duration. The deep learning method for sentiment analysis of Twitter data about ChatGPT evaluation is presented in this research. This study used 4-class labels (sadness, joy, fear, and anger) from public Twitter data stored in the Kaggle database. The proposed deep learning strategy significantly improves the efficiency metrics determined by the use of the attention layer in current LSTM-RNN approaches, increasing accuracy by 20% and precision by 10-12%, but recall only 12-13%. Out of 18000 ChatGPT-related tweets, positive, neutral, and negative sentiments accounted for a respective 45%, 30%, and 35%. It is determined that the suggested deep learning technique for ChatGPT review sentiment categorization is effective, realistic, and fast to deploy

Enhancing Security and Energy Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Network Routing with IOT Challenges: A Thorough Review

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as a crucial component in the field of networking due to their cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and compact size, making them invaluable for various applications. However, as the reliance on WSN-dependent applications continues to grow, these networks grapple with inherent limitations such as memory and computational constraints. Therefore, effective solutions require immediate attention, especially in the age of the Internet of Things (IoT), which largely relies on the effectiveness of WSNs. This study undertakes a comprehensive review of research conducted between 2018 and 2020, categorizing it into six main domains: 1) Providing an overview of WSN applications, management, and security considerations. 2) Focusing on routing and energy-saving techniques. 3) Reviewing the development of methods for information gathering, emphasizing data integrity and privacy. 4) Emphasizing connectivity and positioning techniques. 5) Examining studies that explore the integration of IoT technology into WSNs with an eye on secure data transmission. 6) Highlighting research efforts aimed at energy efficiency. The study addresses the motivation behind employing WSN applications in IoT technologies, as well as the challenges, obstructions, and solutions related to their application and development. It underscores that energy consumption remains a paramount issue in WSNs, with untapped potential for improving energy efficiency while ensuring robust security. Furthermore, it identifies existing approaches' weaknesses, rendering them inadequate for achieving energy-efficient routing in secure WSNs. This review sheds light on the critical challenges and opportunities in the field, contributing to a deeper understanding of WSNs and their role in secure IoT applications

Association of Physical Activity with Co-morbid Conditions in Geriatric Population

To find out association of physical activity with co-morbid conditions in geriatric population, a cross-sectional study was conducted in different cties of Pakistan in 2015. A total of 114 participants were inducted by non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data was collected after informed verbal consent by a validated questionnaire that is Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA). Participants were categorized into two groups i.e. physically active and physically inactive. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 20. There were 66 (57.9%) males and 48 (42.1%) females with mean age of 57.04±7.348 years. Among hypertensive individuals (n=43, 37.7%) there were 39 (90.7%) physically inactive, among individuals having angina (n=17, 14.9%) there were 15 (88.2%) physically inactive. Out of 37 (32.5%) diabetics, 35 (94.6%) were physically inactive. Among individuals suffering from arthritis (n=40, 35.1%), there were 38 (95%) physically inactive. A significant association was found between physical activity and diabetes and arthritis with p-value of 0.048 and 0.029 respectively. Physical activity is significantly associated with diabetes and arthritis in geriatric population. Adequate physical activity should be performed to reduce the risk of co-morbid conditions and improve the quality of life in geriatric population

Switching to Hydropower renewable energy to mitigate the effects of the carbon emissions in South and East Asian economies

Energy is the most essential tool for production and distribution of economic goods. It is also considered as crucial input of economic development. The World Energy Committee states that there are several environmental risks linked to energy production from non-renewable sources such as coal, gas, and petroleum etc. One of the associated risks is high per capita carbon emissions. To reduce such risk economy should switch to the renewable energy sources that characterize less or no carbon emission. This paper investigated the dynamics of coal, gas and hydroelectric energy within the framework of the environmental Kuznets curve. The study used the Arellano and Bond (1991) dynamic panel model using the GMM framework developed by the Hansen (1982). The empirical results of the study confirm the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis and that coal and gas are significant contributors to carbon. Results suggest that the hydel energy can play an essential role in mitigating the carbon emissions and improving climate emissions in case of South and East Asian Countries