The Quality Assesment of the Safety Aspects of Salted Fish (Hemirampus Brasiliensi ) in the Traditional Market at Pekanbaru City

This research purposes to determined the food safety aspects related to thesalted fish of Julung-julung (Hemirampus Brasiliensi ) that use illegal preservativessold in the traditional market Pekanbaru. The method that used in this research was asurvey method which took sample from the population by involving interviews as adata collection tool. While fish samples were taken by using purposive samplingtechnique as much as 18 samples were selected from three traditional markets in thecity of Pekanbaru. Parameters t hat has been used in order to see of the illegalpreservation were chemical test and microbiological test (TPC). The results of thisresearch showed that there were three samples of salted fish Julung -julung(Hemirampus Brasiliens) positive contained formaldehyde were sampled with thecode of KC2, PB1 and PC2. The third sample produced pink to purplish color afterthe sample extract drops antilin test kit. The result of the color also indicated that thesample contains at least 2 ppm. Meanwhile all neg ative samples containing borax.Parameter for microbiological analysis showed that all samples are not more than themaximum threshold 1x105 colony/gam

Formulasi Sabun Pembersih Kewanitaan (Feminime Hygiene) dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murray)

Sabun pembersih kewanitaan (feminine hygiene) adalah suatu sediaan pembersih daerah kewanitaan berbentuk cair yang dibuat dari bahan dasar dan digunakan untuk membersihkan daerah kewanitaan tanpa menimbulkan iritasi pada kulit. Kulit buah durian mengandung senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang dapat digunakan sebagai antijamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi sabun pembersih kwanitaan dari ekstrak kulit buah durian.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen, dilakukan ekstraksi kulit buah durian secara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96 %, dan dipekatkan menggunakan rotary evaporator. Formula sabun pembersih kewanitaan dibuat pada konsentrasi 25 % diantaranya formula A, B, dan C dengan konsentrasi asam stearat 7,5%, 8%, dan 8,5%, dan diuji evaluasi fisik yang meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, tinggi busa, dan uji iritasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sabun pembersih kewanitaan (feminine   hygiene) dari ekstrak kulit buah durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) telah memenuhi syarat uji evaluasi fisik yang stabil yang meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, tinggi busa, dan uji iritasi

Residual stress analysis applied to HPDC aluminium components: a case study

High-Pressure Die Casting (HPDC) is a casting process largely diffused in the aluminium foundries. By HPDC is possible to obtain aluminium castings with thin walls and high specific mechanical properties in short cycle times. Aluminium HPDC castings are commonly intended for the automotive sector: engine, covers, engine blocks and more in general the powertrain. In recent years, one of the most important focus in the automotive sector is decreasing the powertrain weight, acting on stock allowances in certain parts of the casting. This reduction can affect the dimensional features and in turn the residual stress inside the casting. Despite that, it is possible to obtain beneficial compression states into the castings by mean of post-process operations, such as shot-blasting, to reduce or remove residual stresses by mean of heat treatments. Residual stresses can be assessed by an X-Ray residual stress measurement device, a nondestructive technique that allows observing the process parameters effect into the casting. In this work, after a detailed analysis of the residual stress measurement available for aluminium castings, a powertrain component realized in aluminium alloy EN AC 46000 was analysed. These analyses involved both dimensional response and related residual stresses in the as-cast state and the shot-blasted-state on a valve cover, to understand and prevent the residual stress states into the aluminium castings

Assessment of panobacumab as adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia.

The fully human anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody panobacumab was developed as an adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of O11 serotype Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. We evaluated the potential clinical efficacy of panobacumab in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter phase IIa trial (NCT00851435) designed to prospectively evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of panobacumab. Patients treated with panobacumab (n = 17), including 13 patients receiving the full treatment (three doses of 1.2 mg/kg), were compared to 14 patients who did not receive the antibody. Overall, the 17 patients receiving panobacumab were more ill. They were an average of 72 years old [interquartile range (IQR): 64-79] versus an average of 50 years old (IQR: 30-73) (p = 0.024) and had Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores of 17 (IQR: 16-22) versus 15 (IQR: 10-19) (p = 0.043). Adjunctive immunotherapy resulted in an improved clinical outcome in the group receiving the full three-course panobacumab treatment, with a resolution rate of 85 % (11/13) versus 64 % (9/14) (p = 0.048). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed a statistically significantly shorter time to clinical resolution in this group of patients (8.0 [IQR: 7.0-11.5] versus 18.5 [IQR: 8-30] days in those who did not receive the antibody; p = 0.004). Panobacumab adjunctive immunotherapy may improve clinical outcome in a shorter time if patients receive the full treatment (three doses). These preliminary results suggest that passive immunotherapy targeting LPS may be a complementary strategy for the treatment of nosocomial O11 P. aeruginosa pneumonia

Rheumatoid synovial fluid interleukin-17-producing CD4 T cells have abundant tumor necrosis factor-alpha co-expression, but little interleukin-22 and interleukin-23R expression

Introduction\ud Th17 cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to systematically analyse the phenotype, cytokine profile and frequency of interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing CD4-positive T cells in mononuclear cells isolated from peripheral blood, synovial fluid and synovial tissue of RA patients with established disease, and to correlate cell frequencies with disease activity. \ud \ud Methods\ud Flow cytometry was used to analyse the phenotype and cytokine production of mononuclear cells isolated from peripheral blood (PBMC) (n = 44), synovial fluid (SFMC) (n = 14) and synovium (SVMC) (n = 10) of RA patients and PBMC of healthy controls (n = 13). \ud \ud Results\ud The frequency of IL-17-producing CD4 T cells was elevated in RA SFMC compared with RA PBMC (P = 0.04). However, the frequency of this population in RA SVMC was comparable to that in paired RA PBMC. The percentage of IL-17-producing CD4 T cells coexpressing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) was significantly increased in SFMC (P = 0.0068). The frequency of IFNγ-producing CD4 T cells was also significantly higher in SFMC than paired PBMC (P = 0.042). The majority of IL-17-producing CD4 T cells coexpressed IFNγ. IL-17-producing CD4 T cells in RA PBMC and SFMC exhibited very little IL-22 or IL-23R coexpression. \ud \ud Conclusions\ud These findings demonstrate a modest enrichment of IL-17-producing CD4 T cells in RA SFMC compared to PBMC. Th17 cells in SFMC produce more TNFα than their PBMC counterparts, but are not a significant source of IL-22 and do not express IL-23R. However, the percentage of CD4 T cells which produce IL-17 in the rheumatoid joint is low, suggesting that other cells may be alternative sources of IL-17 within the joints of RA patients. \ud \u

Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and the Challenges to Its Extension to Nonlegumes

Access to fixed or available forms of nitrogen limits the productivity of crop plants and thus food production. Nitrogenous fertilizer production currently represents a significant expense for the efficient growth of various crops in the developed world. There are significant potential gains to be had from reducing dependence on nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture in the developed world and in developing countries, and there is significant interest in research on biological nitrogen fixation and prospects for increasing its importance in an agricultural setting. Biological nitrogen fixation is the conversion of atmospheric N2 to NH3, a form that can be used by plants. However, the process is restricted to bacteria and archaea and does not occur in eukaryotes. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is part of a mutualistic relationship in which plants provide a niche and fixed carbon to bacteria in exchange for fixed nitrogen. This process is restricted mainly to legumes in agricultural systems, and there is considerable interest in exploring whether similar symbioses can be developed in nonlegumes, which produce the bulk of human food. We are at a juncture at which the fundamental understanding of biological nitrogen fixation has matured to a level that we can think about engineering symbiotic relationships using synthetic biology approaches. This minireview highlights the fundamental advances in our understanding of biological nitrogen fixation in the context of a blueprint for expanding symbiotic nitrogen fixation to a greater diversity of crop plants through synthetic biology.Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Great Britain) (Grants BB/L011484/1 and BB/L011476/1)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant 1331098

Using computer-aided detection in mammography as a decision support

Contains fulltext : 87548.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an interactive computer-aided detection (CAD) system for reading mammograms to improve decision making. METHODS: A dedicated mammographic workstation has been developed in which readers can probe image locations for the presence of CAD information. If present, CAD findings are displayed with the computed malignancy rating. A reader study was conducted in which four screening radiologists and five non-radiologists participated to study the effect of this system on detection performance. The participants read 120 cases of which 40 cases had a malignant mass that was missed at the original screening. The readers read each mammogram both with and without CAD in separate sessions. Each reader reported localized findings and assigned a malignancy score per finding. Mean sensitivity was computed in an interval of false-positive fractions less than 10%. RESULTS: Mean sensitivity was 25.1% in the sessions without CAD and 34.8% in the CAD-assisted sessions. The increase in detection performance was significant (p = 0.012). Average reading time was 84.7 +/- 61.5 s/case in the unaided sessions and was not significantly higher when interactive CAD was used (85.9 +/- 57.8 s/case). CONCLUSION: Interactive use of CAD in mammography may be more effective than traditional CAD for improving mass detection without affecting reading time.1 oktober 201