Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antibacterial activity of different extracts of Ruta graveolens L - a medicinal plant

Ruta graveolens L. is aromatic shrub belongs to family rutaceae. It is ornamental and medicinal plant used in the treatment of inflammation, ulcer, hypotension, reproductive disorders, menstrual problems, parasitic infection, wounds and injuries. The plant extracts showed good antibacterial and antifungal properties. Sixty days old seedlings were collected and leaves were shade dried and powdered. 5 grams of powder extracted with 25 ml different solvents, ethanol, methanol, chloroform and distilled water. Crude solutions were further diluted to 1/10th and 1/100th with DMS. Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus cultures were evaluated by disc diffusion methods on Muller Hinton agar. In our study methanol and chloroform extract recorded better antibacterial activity than ethanol extract at higher dilution. Chloroform and methanol extracts showed more antibacterial activity than ethanol at lower concentration, water extract doesn’t exert any activity. The phytochemical analysis of different solvent extracts of plant show considerable change in the nature of chemicals. Chloroform extract reported maximum number of secondary metabolites than remaining solvent

Full Mouth Rehabilitation of a Patient with Severely Worn Molars: A Case Report

The severe wear of mandibular molar teeth with loss of few teeth, resulting in collapse of vertical dimension at occlusion and also, change in normal occlusal plane. This case report describes a 45yr old female patient who had severely attrited lower molars and loss of vertical dimension. Provisional crown and bridge was used for 4 months with increased vertical dimension, after, taking into consideration of anatomical landmark, facial and physiologic measurement. Once compatibility of stomatognathic system confirmed permanent restoration was initiated. This case reports that a satisfactory clinical result can be achieved by restoring vertical dimension to restore esthetics and function

DESIGN, FACILE SYNTHESIS, AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NOVEL 1,3-THIAZINE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTICONVULSANT AGENTS

Objective: Chalcones and their heterocyclic analogs represent an important class of small molecules having anticonvulsant activities. Therefore, inthis study, the synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of some new chalcones and 1,3-thiazines were described.Methods: The reaction of 1-acetylnaphthalene with substituted aromatic aldehydes in the presence of aq. NaOH afforded corresponding chalconeswhich upon further cyclization with thiourea resulted in 1,3-thiazine derivatives. The newly synthesized compounds were tested for anticonvulsantactivity by pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures method using diazepam as standard.Results: Most of the compounds showed good anticonvulsant activity but is less than diazepam. 1,3-thiazines were more potent than chalconesand among them, compound P4 containing 4-fluorophenyl substituents on the thiazine moiety was more potent as it has prolonged the onset ofconvulsions by 155.2 seconds.Conclusion: We described the synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of novel chalcones and 1,3-thiazine derivatives. 1,3-thiazines are more activeanticonvulsant agents than chalcones and in particular compounds with electron withdrawing substituents.Keywords: Chalcone, 1,3-thiazine, Pentylenetetrazole

E. coli AB 1157 susceptibility test, MTT assay on MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines of root and leaf fractions of Viburnum Linn. species

The aim of this study was to evaluate mutagenic bacterial susceptibility and cytotoxic potency of Viburnum coriaceumBlume and Viburnum erubescens Wall.ex DC in order to report the actual chemotherapeutic potentials of these two species.The methanolic (80%) leaf and chloroform root extracts of Viburnum Linn. Species were tested for their bacterial strainbased cytotoxicity employing Agar diffusion method suing E. coli AB 1157 strain. Also, the MTT assay was carried outemploying MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and HeLa cervical cell lines. It was started with IC50 value determination of theselected test extracts from the results of bacterial strain based cytotoxicity. Upon increase in concentration up to 1000μg/mL in agar diffusion cytotoxicity studies VCMLE, VEMLE and VCCRE had shown diameter of inhibition zone 10 mm,9 mm and 10 mm respectively. Among other extracts, the VEMLE and VCCRE were selected to go ahead with anticanceractivity by MTT assay. The potentials of extracts through cytotoxicity mechanism had produced 30-40% protection againstcancer cell lines. It was concluded that VEMLE and VCCRE had produced the cytotoxic effect on E. coli AB 1157 strain.and were selected for the cytotoxic studies. The effects exhibited by the selected extracts may be due to the presenceof diverse number of active constituents present in Viburnum Linn species also may be to the presence ofunreported constituents

E. coli AB 1157 susceptibility test, MTT assay on MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines of root and leaf fractions of Viburnum Linn. species

525-530The aim of this study was to evaluate mutagenic bacterial susceptibility and cytotoxic potency of Viburnum coriaceum Blume and Viburnum erubescens Wall.ex DC in order to report the actual chemotherapeutic potentials of these two species. The methanolic (80%) leaf and chloroform root extracts of Viburnum Linn. Species were tested for their bacterial strain based cytotoxicity employing Agar diffusion method suing E. coli AB 1157 strain. Also, the MTT assay was carried out employing MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and HeLa cervical cell lines. It was started with IC50 value determination of the selected test extracts from the results of bacterial strain based cytotoxicity. Upon increase in concentration up to 1000 µg/mL in agar diffusion cytotoxicity studies VCMLE, VEMLE and VCCRE had shown diameter of inhibition zone 10 mm, 9 mm and 10 mm respectively. Among other extracts, the VEMLE and VCCRE were selected to go ahead with anticancer activity by MTT assay. The potentials of extracts through cytotoxicity mechanism had produced 30-40% protection against cancer cell lines. It was concluded that VEMLE and VCCRE had produced the cytotoxic effect on E. coli AB 1157 strain. and were selected for the cytotoxic studies. The effects exhibited by the selected extracts may be due to the presence of diverse number of active constituents present in Viburnum Linn species also may be to the presence of unreported constituents

Screening of phytoactives and antioxidant potentiality in Gymnema sylvestre

Gymnema sylvestre  is  wellknown as “gurmar” for its discrete function as sugar destroyer. It is an excellent herb in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. The herb exhibits a wide range of healing effects as an effectual natural remedy for diabetes, arthritis, asthma , anemia, cardiopathy, constipation diuretic, , hypercholesterolemia,  indigestion ,microbial infections, osteoporosis etc.Realising its importance, The current study was carried out to reveal the distinct phytoactive potentiality in Gymnema sylvestre. It suggested that the antioxidant activities of   Gymnema sylvestre can be used as a natural antioxidant and might be effective to diminish oxidative stress associated with different pathophysiological conditions. Keywords: Gymnema sylvestre , Phytochemicals, antioxidant activity

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of poly ethylene imine (pei) dendrimer modified with 1,3,4 oxadiazole derivatives

Dendrimers have wide range of applications in industry, Pharmaceutical and medicine. Oxadiazole compounds also have many applications in Pharmaceutical and medicine. Modification of dendrimers which have many branches like NH2 functional groups with heterocyclic derivatives make them capable to show variety properties. In this article, PEI-dend-4N(Ts)(2-(methyl)-5-aryl-1,3,4 oxadiazole) ]] 8a-f have been synthesized from PEI (Poly ethylene imine) dendrimer which modified with 1,3,4 oxadiazole derivatives and investigated their antimicrobial activitie

A NEW SPEECH ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUE USING PERCEPTUAL CONSTRAINED SPECTRAL WEIGHTING FACTORS

This paper deals with musical noise result from perceptual speech enhancement type algorithms and especially wiener filtering. Although perceptual speech enhancement methods perform better than the non perceptual methods, most of them still return annoying residual musical noise. This is due to the fact that if only noise above the noise masking threshold is filtered then noise below the noise masking threshold can become audible if its maskers are filtered. It can affect the performance of perceptual speech enhancement method that process audible noise only. In order to overcome this drawback here proposed a new speech enhancement technique. It aims to improve the quality of the enhanced speech signal provided by perceptual wiener filtering by controlling the latter via a second filter regarded as a psychoacoustically motivated weighting factor. The simulation results shows that the performance is improved compared to other perceptual speech enhancement method