Síntomas asociados al tratamiento con radioterapia

The principles of radiotherapy are the use of ionized radiation in the treatment of different pathologic process. The objective of radiotherapy treatment is the local or locorregional control of the tumor. The onset of side effects depends of the dose of radiation and the area that is included in the treatment field. The acute affects usually appear at the beginning of the treatment and usually disappear at the end or in the first weeks after the end of the treatment. The chronic effects appear 6 months after the treatment is finished and they persist during time. The most frequents side effects are fatigue and changes in the skin included in the treatment field. The other side effects are in relationship of the specific area that we are treating. With the improvements in the radiotherapy treatments we can achieve a better local tumor control with lesser chronic side effects

Novedades en la familia dennstaedtiaceae en Colombia

Se aclara la identidad de las especies colombianas de Sphenomeris y se proporcionan claves para diferenciar los géneros cercanos y sus especies en Colombia.A note about the identity ofColombian species of Sphenomeris is provided. Keys for distinguish nearest genera of Sphenomeris and its species are included

Una especie nueva del género trichomanes

Se describe una especie nueva del género Trichomanes L., familia Hymenophyllaceae, T.lozanii Murillo coleccionada en la Isla Gorgona, Municipio de Guapí, Departamento del Cauca.A new specie of Trichomanes L. (Hymenophyllaceae), T. lozanii Murillo, is described; it was collected in Isla Gorgona, Municipio de Guapí, Departamento del Cauca

Estudio preliminar del género schizaea en colombia

Genero Schizaea, hasta el momento 8 especies se encuentran registradaspara Colombia, en sabanas de arenisca, entre los 10-1600 mn.; algunasespecies son muy· escasas y se encuentran en localidades muy restringidas. Elgenero cuenta con cerca de 30 especies de las cuales la mayoría han sidoencontradas en el trópico y subtrópico de Sur América.Rizoma generalmente erecto, velloso; frondas de porte herbáceo, erectas, simples ó dicótomas, raras veces las frondas estériles diferentes de las fértiles(S. Poeppigiana

Are the Growth Standards of the World Health Organization Valid for Spanish Children? The SONEV Study

Background: The use of different growth tables to assess the population’s nutritional status has given rise to a series of limitations arising from the lack of consensus and uniform methodological criteria. This leads to a disparity of results that prevent an accurate and reliable diagnosis of whether a child is overweight or obese. Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop growth references for weight, height, and body mass index for Eastern-Spanish children from 6 to 16 years of age. Methods: The final sample used to fit the growth curves was made up of 1,102 observations. The 2007 WHO curves are currently used for Child Health Service Cards. Therefore, tomake the comparison of the internal values obtained as realistic as possible, the same construction method has been used for the internal curves, modeling age as a continuous variable and simultaneously adjusting the curves, smoothing them using cubic splines and further smoothing the edge effects by means of data extending above or below the upper and lower age limits. Results: Growth curves for percentiles were constructed for both sexes and higher values were noticeably found to set as growth-standard compared to WHO-standards. Conclusion: Our analysis shows that the WHO 2007 standard references are not suitable for Eastern-Spanish children. The standards shown in this study are much more realistic and current, and we believe that their use will help healthcare professionals more effectively combat the current epidemic of overweight and obesity.Nutrición humana y dietétic

Evaluation of pastures for horses grazing on soils polluted by trace elements

12 pages,3 figures, 9 tables, 46 references.-- Adjuntamos página de errata.Pasture established on polluted soil may pose a risk to grazing livestock creating a requirement for mechanical management which may affect biodiversity and expend energy. The risk associated with managing pasture by grazing horses (non-edible livestock) is being assessed in the Guadiamar Valley (SW Spain), where soils are polluted with trace elements following a major pollution incident. Soil pollution does not affect biomass production or floristic composition of pasture, although both variables influence trace element accumulation in herbage. Element concentrations in herbage are below maximum tolerable limits for horses. Faecal analysis showed regulated absorption of essential elements, while non-essential elements seemed preferentially excreted. Elemental content of horse hair did not differ in animals from polluted and control pastures. If pastures are managed by grazing, periodic monitoring is recommended in view of the long-term chronic trace element exposure in these systems. 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.We acknowledge the Regional Ministry of Environment (Junta de Andalucía) for supporting this study and the Spanish Ministry of Education for a PFU grant awarded to M.T. Domínguez. Dr. P Madejón thanks her Ramón y Cajal contract financed by the Spanish Ministry of Innovation and Science.Peer reviewe

Trace elements and C and N isotope composition in two mushroom species from a mine-spill contaminated site

Fungi play a key role in the functioning of soil in terrestrial ecosystems, and in particular in the remediation of degraded soils. The contribution of fungi to carbon and nutrient cycles, along with their capability to mobilise soil trace elements, is well-known. However, the importance of life history strategy for these functions has not yet been thoroughly studied. This study explored the soil-fungi relationship of two wild edible fungi, the ectomycorrhizal Laccaria laccata and the saprotroph Volvopluteus gloiocephalus. Fruiting bodies and surrounding soils in a mine-spill contaminated area were analysed. Isotope analyses revealed Laccaria laccata fruiting bodies were 15N-enriched when compared to Volvopluteus gloiocephalus, likely due to the transfer of 15N-depleted compounds to their host plant. Moreover, Laccaria laccata fruiting bodies δ13C values were closer to host plant values than surrounding soil, while Volvopluteus gloiocephalus matched the δ13C composition to that of the soil. Fungal species presented high bioaccumulation and concentrations of Cd and Cu in their fruiting bodies. Human consumption of these fruiting bodies may represent a toxicological risk due to their elevated Cd concentrations

Mapping Soil hydrologic features in a semi-arid irrigated area in Spain

Publishe

Cuidados continuos. Una necesidad del paciente oncológico

Los cuidados continuos pueden ser entendidos como la atención integral a la persona enferma en su realidad total: biológica, psicológica, familiar, laboral y social. Por tanto para realizar una atención total, se deben atender todas las fases de la enfermedad oncológica cubriendo desde la prevención y el diagnóstico, abarcando el tratamiento de soporte y sintomático, llegando a los cuidados paliativos del enfermo en fase avanzada, y el manejo de la crisis al final de la vida. Por tanto, los cuidados continuos son aplicables a lo largo de todo el proceso evolutivo del tratamiento del cáncer y de sus diferentes etapas, enfatizando los recursos empleados y su intensidad en función de las necesidades o complejidad requerida, y no solo aplicándolos en los pacientes avanzados al final de la vida.Continuity of care might be defined as an integral care to the patient as a whole: biological psychological social and the care of the family. That ´s why to get this global care, we need to care all the phases of the illness, since prevention and diagnosis, covering supportive care and reaching the palliative care when the cure is not possible and patients approach the end of life. Then, we need to apply the continuity of care along all the illness process in function of the needs and the resources and not only at the end of life

Síntomas asociados al tratamiento con radioterapia

The principles of radiotherapy are the use of ionized radiation in the treatment of different pathologic process. The objective of radiotherapy treatment is the local or locorregional control of the tumor. The onset of side effects depends of the dose of radiation and the area that is included in the treatment field. The acute affects usually appear at the beginning of the treatment and usually disappear at the end or in the first weeks after the end of the treatment. The chronic effects appear 6 months after the treatment is finished and they persist during time. The most frequents side effects are fatigue and changes in the skin included in the treatment field. The other side effects are in relationship of the specific area that we are treating. With the improvements in the radiotherapy treatments we can achieve a better local tumor control with lesser chronic side effects