The efficiency of combined electrothermal and electrochemical accumulation of electricity of a photovoltaic power plant

The relevance of the research is caused by the fact that renewable energy, in particular, photovoltaic generation is becoming essential support in the decentralized systems in Russia. However, the high cost of the power equipment of photovoltaic power plants is a deterrent to their wide practical application. This paper presents the method for reducing the cost of photovoltaic power plants by optimizing energy conversion processes in isolated power supply systems. The characteristics of equipment for photovoltaic generation and the subsequent conversion of parameters and power storage is an urgent task are presented

1996・1997年のカムチャツカ半島カレイタ氷河における流出および水文化学的特性

ArticleBulletin of glaciological research. 19: 71-80 (2002)journal articl

SAFETY OF USING METHOTREXATE SOLUTION FOR SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Objective: to evaluate the safety of treatment with methotrexate (MT) solution for subcutaneous injections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Subjects and methods. 237 RA patients enrolled in the study within the REMARCA protocol were given MT solution for subcutaneous injections (Metoject) to assess the standard parameters of therapy safety.Results. Overall, adverse events (AE) were noted in 49 (21%) patients. In 30 (30%) of them RA duration was less than 6 months (Group 1) and in 19 (14%) – more than 6 months (Group 2), in most cases average MT dose was 20.9±3.45 mg/week. Elevation of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, nausea, postinjection reactions, alopecia, rash, infections, and leukopenia, were common (> 1%, but <10%); diarrhea, metallic taste in the mouth, soft tissue abscess/infiltration developing far from the injection site, were uncommon (the WHO term corresponding to 0.1–1%). AE required MT discontinuation in 4.2% of the patients.Conclusion. The results of the study allow discussing subcutaneous MT administration before treatment with biologicals, which makes it possible not only to reduce financial expenditures, but also to improve patient safet

INTERACTIVE MAGNETIC FIELD SIMULATION OF A PIPELINE ELEMENT

Mapping of pipelines, bends and branches is possible using high-precision magnetic sur-vey. The Matlab program designed to visualize the anomalous magnetic field and its analyti-cal signal form sequential approximations of a pipe: a dipole, a magnetized rod, a parallele-piped and a cylinder model

Взаимозаменяемость оригинальных ингибиторов фактора некроза опухоли α и биосимиляров в ревматологии: опыт замены оригинального инфликсимаба на Фламмэгис при анкилозирующем спондилите

The paper discusses prospects for prescribing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor biosimilars, their interchangeability with original drugs for inflammatory joint diseases. It describes clinical cases when original infliximab is replaced with its biosimilar Flammagis for ankylosing spondylitis. The authors emphasize that it is difficult to predict the interchangeability of original TNF-α inhibitors and biosimilars in rheumatology, and this is confirmed by the above clinical cases. They also indicate that the optimal use of biosimilars requires a constant cooperation of rheumatologists, pharmacologists, and regulatory authorities, which is aimed at protecting the rights of a patient in order to ensure safe, effective and high-quality care. It is concluded that it is advisable to conduct further investigations to develop a special pharmacovigilance system in this area.Обсуждаются перспективы назначения биосимиляров ингибиторов фактора некроза опухоли α (ФНОα) при воспалительных заболеваниях суставов, их взаимозаменяемость с оригинальными препаратами. Представлены клинические наблюдения замены оригинального инфликсимаба на биосимиляр Фламмэгис при анкилозирующем спондилите. Авторы подчеркивают, что сложно прогнозировать взаимозаменяемость оригинальных ингибиторов ФНОα и биосимиляров в ревматологии, и это подтверждают приведенные клинические наблюдения. Они указывают также, что для оптимального использования биоаналогов необходимо постоянное сотрудничество ревматологов, фармакологов и регуляторных органов, направленное на защиту прав пациента с целью обеспечения безопасного, эффективного и качественного лечения. Сделан вывод о целесообразности проведения дальнейших исследований с целью развития специальной системы фармаконадзора в этой сфере

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMMUNOGENICITY AND SAFETY OF 23-VALENT POLYSACCHARIDE PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES

Objective: to investigate the immunogenicity and safety of 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD).Subjects and methods. The prospective open-label comparative study enrolled 133 people (102 (76.7%) women and 31 (23.3%) men) aged 23 to 76 years, including 79 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 16 with systemic sclerosis, and 7 with dermatomyositis/polymyositis, as well as 31 subjects without systemic inflammatory RD (a control group), who had a recent history of at least two cases of lower respiratory tract infections (bronchitis, pneumonia). At their inclusion, all the patients with RD were receiving ant-inflammatory therapy, including 52 taking methotrexate (MT), 14 – leflunomide (LEF), and 13 – MT + tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors. The 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine Pneumo-23 (Sanofi Pasteur, France) was administered in a single dose of 0.5 ml subcutaneously during continuous MT or LEF therapy for the underlying disease or 3–4 weeks before the use of TNF-α inhibitors. Clinical examinations of the patients and conventional laboratory studies were performed during control visits (1, 3, and 12 months after vaccination). The serum levels of anti-pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antibodies were measured in 102 patients by enzyme immunoassay using commercial VaccZymeTM Anti-PCP IgG Enzyme Immunoassay kits (The Binding Site Group Ltd, United Kingdom).Results and discussion. No clinical and radiological symptoms of pneumonia were recorded in any case during the follow-up period of 12 months. The patients with RD and the control group showed a significant, more than double increase in anti-pneumococcal antibodies 12 months following vaccination. Vaccination was well tolerated: 90 (68%) patients displayed no adverse events; 37 (28%) had pain, cutaneous swelling and hyperemia up to 2 cm in diameter at the site of injection for vaccination;6 (4%) had low-grade fever. There were no episodes of a RD exacerbation or any new autoimmune disorders during the follow-up period.Conclusion. The findings were suggestive of the sufficient immunogenicity and good tolerability of 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in patients with RD