Korištenje otpadnog mulja i diatomita kao medija u proizvodnji sadnica običnog bora (Pinus sylvestris L.) i procjena preživljavanja sadnica na terenu

Although several organic and inorganic substrates are added to growing media for improving its physical and chemical characteristics, the need for search of new materials and/or mixtures that reduces the high-priced peat content in substrates is still interesting. This study evaluated the feasibility of reducing the peat content in substrates by replacing it with different amounts of diatomite and sewage sludge for Scots pine seedling (Pinus sylvestris L.) growth and their land performance. In order to evaluate the feasibility of reducing the peat content in substrates by replacing it with different amounts of diatomite and sewage sludge, an experiment was carried out in a temperature-controlled greenhouse under natural light. To evaluate the land performance of Scots pine seedlings grown in different substrates, a trial was established between the years 2013-2017 in Sarıkamış, Kars (NE Anatolia). Sewage sludge application, due to its high organic matter and macro and micronutrient content, has improved the composition of the rhizosphere, thereby resulting in growth acceleration. As a result of the evaluations made in terms of both seedling morphological characteristics and land performance; the best performance was determined in the 9th (50%P+50%SS) and 3rd (75%SS+25%DE) mixtures.Unatoč tome što se supstratu za uzgoj dodaju određeni organski i anorganski supstrati kako bi se poboljšale njegove fizičke i kemijske karakteristike, i dalje je zanimljiva potreba za istraživanjem novih materijala i/ili smjesa koje smanjuju udio skupocjenog treseta u supstratima. U ovom radu procijenit će se izvedivost smanjenja sadržaja treseta u supstratima njegovom zamjenom s različitim količinama diatometa i mulja iz otpadnih voda za rast sadnica običnog bora (Pinus sylvestris L.) te njihovo preživljavanje na terenu. Kako bi se procijenila izvedivost smanjenja sadržaja treseta u supstratima zamjenom s različitim količinama diatometa i mulja iz otpadnih voda, provedeno je istraživanje u stakleniku, pod prirodnim svjetlom i u kontroliranim temperaturnim uvjetima. Između 2013. i 2017. godine u mjestu Sarıkamış, Kars (SI Anadolija) pokrenuto je istraživanje kojim će se procijeniti učinak koje zemljište ima na sadnice običnog bora koje rastu u različitim supstratima. Visoko organske tvari te makro i mikrohranjivi sastojci koji se nalaze u mulju iz otpadnih voda poboljšali su sastav rizosfere. što je rezultiralo bržim rastom sadnica. Kao rezultat evaluacija obavljenih u pogledu morfoloških karakteristika sadnica i utjecaja koji zemljište ima na preživljavanje sadnica; najbolji učinak postignut je u 9. (50%P + 50%SS) i 3. smjesi (75%SS + 25%DE)

A New Algorithm for Finding Vertex-Disjoint Paths

The fact that the demands which could be labelled as "luxurious" in the past times, have became requirements makes it inevitable that the service providers do new researches and prepare alternative plans under harsh competition conditions. In order to, provide the customers with the services in terms of the committed standards by taking the possible damages on wired and wireless networks into consideration. Finding vertex disjoint paths gives many advantages on the wired or wireless communication especially on Ad-Hoc Networks. In this paper, we suggest a new algorithm that calculates alternative routes which do not contain common vertex (vertex-disjoint path) with problematic route during a point-to-point communication on the network in a short time and it is compared to similar algorithms

New algorithm for finding minimum vertex cut set

The number of vertex-connectivity, is an element the least number of elements in a set of vertex, which makes a graph disconnected. Researches relate to the discovery of the number of vertex-connectivity. In this paper, an algorithm that provides to find elements of Vertex-Cut Set is proposed. Complexity analysis of the algorithm is performed, and the trials are shared about written program. © 2012 IEEE

Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-PVA hydrogel containing PEGylated recombinant epidermal growth factor on cell culture for wound healing substitute

The aim of the current study was to assess the physicochemical characteristics and wound healing activity of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) crosslinked hydrogel containing recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh-EGF) or recombinant mouse epidermal growth factor (rm-EGF). The hydrogels were prepared and analyses were made of the morphological properties, viscosity, water absorption capacity, mechanical and bio-adhesive properties. The viscosity of the formulations varied between 14.400 - 48.500 cPs, with the greatest viscosity values determined in K2 formulation. F2 formulation showed the highest water absorption capacity. According to the studies of the mechanical properties, H2 formulation (0.153±0.018 N.mm) showed the greatest adhesiveness and E2 (0.245±0.001 mj/cm2) formulation, the highest bio-adhesion values. Hydrogels were cytocompatible considering in vitro cell viability values of over 76% on human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT, CVCL-0038) and of over 84% on human fibroblast cells (NIH 3T3, CRL-1658) used as a model cell line. According to the BrdU cell proliferation results, B1 (197.82±2.48%) formulation showed the greatest NIH 3T3 and C1 (167.43±5.89%) formulation exhibited the highest HaCaT cell proliferation ability. In addition, the scratch closure assay was performed to assess the wound healing efficiency of formulation and the results obtained in the study showed that F2 formulation including PEGylated rh-EGF had a highly effective role