Expression of Endocan in Tissue Samples from Prostate Adenocarcinoma and Prostate Hyperplasia: A Comparative Retrospective Study

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to determine whether there is a significant difference in endocan expression levels between prostate adenocarcinoma and prostate hyperplasia tissues by using an immunohistochemical method. Materials and Methods: All 51 patients, who were getting treatment for the last 5 years, participated in the study. 31 of 51 patients underwent transrectal sonography (TRUSG)-assisted prostate biopsy because of prostate adenocarcinoma as diagnosed with elevated PSA levels and histopathological examination. The remaining 20 patients comprised the control group. The control group included patients with benign prostate hyperplasia based on pathological examination. Results: It was found that there was strong positive epithelial staining in 74.2% of patients with prostate cancer while in 5% of controls, indicating a statistically significant difference (P < .001). It was also found that the rate of strong positive endothelial staining was 77.4% in the patient group whereas 5% in the control group (P < .001). Also, the rate of strong positive stromal staining was 64.5% in the patient group while 5% in the control group (P < .001). Conclusion: We found that tissue endocan expression level was statistically significantly higher in patients with prostate cancer compared to those with benign prostate hyperplasia by using an immunohistochemical method

Memenin Duktal Karsinoma in Situ Lezyonları: Histopatolojik özellikler ile p53, HER2/neu, bcl-2 ve PCNA Ekspresyonu arasındaki ilişki

Amaç: Histopatolojik alt tip, nükleer derece ve komedonekroz memenin duktal karsinoma in situ (DKIS) lezyonları için önemli özelliklerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı DKIS’nin histopatolojik özellikleri ile p53, HER2/neu, bcl-2 ve PCNA overekspresyonu arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Yöntemler: DKIS tanısı almış 40 olgu immünohistokimyasal metodlar kullanılarak p53, HER2/neu, bcl-2 ve PCNA overekspresyonu açısından değerlendirildi. Düşük/ intermediate dereceli lezyonlar grup 1’e (düşük dereceli DKIS), yüksek dereceli olgular grup 2’ye (yüksek dereceli DKIS) dahil edildi. Ayrıca histolojik paternler değerlendirildi. Komedo tip ve non-komedo tip DKIS grupları oluşturuldu. Bulgular: Toplam 40 olgunun 12’si yüksek dereceli, 28’i düşük dereceli, 8’i komedo tip ve 32’si non-komedo tip DKIS olarak belirlendi. Komedo tip DKIS olgularında sırasıyla %37,5, %62,5’inde p53 ve HER2/neu overekspresyonu izlenirken, non-komedo tip DKIS olgularında bu oran % 6,5, %3,1 idi. Yüksek dereceli olgularda sırasıyla %41,7, %50’sinde p53 ve HER2/neu overekspresyonu izlenirken, düşük dereceli olguların hiçbirinde p53 ve HER2/neu overekspresyonu gözlenmedi. Bcl-2 ile kuvvetli sitoplazmik boyanma yüksek dereceli olguların hiçbirinde izlenmezken, düşük dereceli olguların %60’ında izlendi. Tüm bu overekspresyonlar için gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p<0,05). Sonuçlar: P53 ve HER2/neu overekspresyonu komedo tip ve yüksek derece gibi kötü prognostik faktörlerle ilişkili bulundu. Bcl-2 ile kuvvetli sitoplazmik boyanma non-komedo tip ve düşük derece gibi iyi prognostik faktörlerle ilişkili bulundu. Bu sonuçlar farklı biyolojik davranışa sahip DKIS alt tiplerinin tanımlanmasına katkı sağlayacaktır

Endocan Overexpression in Pterygium

WOS: 000403262500013PubMed ID: 28410547Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible role of endocan in the pathogenesis of pterygium. Methods: The study was conducted on 33 patients with primary pterygium and 20 control subjects with normal bulbar conjunctiva. Patients with pterygium were graded into 3 groups as atrophic, fleshy, and intermediate, according to the Tan classification. Primary nasal pterygia and normal bulbar conjunctivas were surgically removed. Endocan expression was immunohistochemically investigated. Results: Endocan expression in epithelial and endothelial cells was statistically significantly higher in pterygium tissues than control tissues (P = 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between pterygium classification groups and endocan expression in both epithelial and endothelial cells (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that endocan may have a role in the pathogenesis of pterygium

Building a transdisciplinary expert consensus on the cognitive drivers of performance under pressure: An international multi-panel Delphi study

IntroductionThe ability to perform optimally under pressure is critical across many occupations, including the military, first responders, and competitive sport. Despite recognition that such performance depends on a range of cognitive factors, how common these factors are across performance domains remains unclear. The current study sought to integrate existing knowledge in the performance field in the form of a transdisciplinary expert consensus on the cognitive mechanisms that underlie performance under pressure.MethodsInternational experts were recruited from four performance domains [(i) Defense; (ii) Competitive Sport; (iii) Civilian High-stakes; and (iv) Performance Neuroscience]. Experts rated constructs from the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework (and several expert-suggested constructs) across successive rounds, until all constructs reached consensus for inclusion or were eliminated. Finally, included constructs were ranked for their relative importance.ResultsSixty-eight experts completed the first Delphi round, with 94% of experts retained by the end of the Delphi process. The following 10 constructs reached consensus across all four panels (in order of overall ranking): (1) Attention; (2) Cognitive Control—Performance Monitoring; (3) Arousal and Regulatory Systems—Arousal; (4) Cognitive Control—Goal Selection, Updating, Representation, and Maintenance; (5) Cognitive Control—Response Selection and Inhibition/Suppression; (6) Working memory—Flexible Updating; (7) Working memory—Active Maintenance; (8) Perception and Understanding of Self—Self-knowledge; (9) Working memory—Interference Control, and (10) Expert-suggested—Shifting.DiscussionOur results identify a set of transdisciplinary neuroscience-informed constructs, validated through expert consensus. This expert consensus is critical to standardizing cognitive assessment and informing mechanism-targeted interventions in the broader field of human performance optimization

Ductal carcinoma in situ lesions of the breast: correlation between histopathologic features and p53, HER2/neu, bcl-2 and PCNA expression

Amaç: Histopatolojik alt tip, nükleer derece ve komedonekroz memenin duktal karsinoma in situ (DKIS) lezyonları için önemli özelliklerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı DKIS’nin histopatolojik özellikleri ile p53, HER2/neu, bcl-2 ve PCNA overekspresyonu arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Yöntemler: DKIS tanısı almış 40 olgu immünohistokimyasal metodlar kullanılarak p53, HER2/neu, bcl-2 ve PCN overekspresyonu açısından değerlendirildi. Düşük/ intermediate dereceli lezyonlar grup 1’e (düşük dereceli DKIS), yüksek dereceli olgular grup 2’ye (yüksek dereceli DKIS) dahil edildi. Ayrıca histolojik paternler değerlendirildi. Komedo tip ve non-komedo tip DKIS grupları oluşturuldu. Bulgular: Toplam 40 olgunun 12’si yüksek dereceli, 28’i düşük dereceli, 8’i komedo tip ve 32’si non-komedo tip DKIS olarak belirlendi. Komedo tip DKIS olgularında sırasıyla %37,5, %62,5’inde p53 ve HER2/neu overekspresyonu izlenirken, non-komedo tip DKIS olgularında bu oran % 6,5, %3,1 idi. Yüksek dereceli olgularda sırasıyla %41,7, %50’sinde p53 ve HER2/neu overekspresyonu izlenirken, düşük dereceli olguların hiçbirinde p53 ve HER2/neu overekspresyonu gözlenmedi. Bcl-2 ile kuvvetli sitoplazmik boyanma yüksek dereceli olguların hiçbirinde izlenmezken, düşük dereceli olguların %60’ında izlendi. Tüm bu overekspresyonlar için gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p<0,05). Sonuçlar: P53 ve HER2/neu overekspresyonu komedo tip ve yüksek derece gibi kötü prognostik faktörlerle ilişkili bulundu. Bcl-2 ile kuvvetli sitoplazmik boyanma non-komedo tip ve düşük derece gibi iyi prognostik faktörlerle ilişkili bulundu. Bu sonuçlar farklı biyolojik davranışa sahip DKIS alt tiplerinin tanımlanmasına katkı sağlayacaktırObjective: The histopathological subtype, nuclear grade and comedonecrosis are important features for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. The aim of this study was to determine correlation between histopathologic properties of DCIS and p53, HER2/neu, bcl-2 and PCNA overexpression. Method: We evaluated 40 cases of DCIS for p53, HER2/neu, bcl-2 and PCNA overexpression by using immunohistochemical methods. We divided lesions into two groups. Low/intermediate grade DCIS cases were included in group 1 (low grade DCIS) and high grade DCIS were included in group 2 (high grade DCIS). Histologic paterns were also evaluated. Comedo type and non-comedo type DCIS groups were formed. Results: A total of 40 DCIS including 12 high grade, 28 low grade, 8 comedo type and 32 non-comedo type were revealed. P53 and HER2/neu overexpressions were seen 37,5%, 62,5% in comedo type DCIS and 6,5%, 3,1% in non-comedo type DCIS, respectively. P53 and HER2/neu overexpressions were not seen in low grade DCIS and were seen 41,7% and 50% in high grade DCIS, respectively. Strong cytoplasmic staining with bcl-2 was not seen in high grade DCIS and was seen 60% in low grade DCIS. There was significant difference statistically between groups for all of these overexpressions (p<0,05). Conclusions: P53 and HER/neu overexpressions were associated with poor prognostic factors such as comedo type and high grade. Strong cytoplasmic bcl-2 staining was associated with good prognostic factors such as non-comedo type and low grade. These results contribute to define DCIS subtypes that have different biological behaviour

Multiple cutaneous and Uterine Leiomyomatosis syndrome (Reed's syndrome)

WOS: 000342604800011Cutaneous leiomyomas are rare benign tumors arising from smooth muscle cells. The combination of cutaneous leiomyomatosis, uterine leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer is referred to as "multiple cutaneous and Uterine Leiomyomatosis syndrome (Reed's syndrome)". A forty-five-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with multiple painful bumps on the body. Diabetes mellitus and hysterectomy operation due to leiomyoma were present in her past medical history. Dermatologic examination revealed multiple, painful, skin coloured-red papulonodules forming clusters on the bilateral lumbar region and a few lesions on the right arm and back. Histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen revealed leiomyoma. Gabapentin therapy was initiated and in the one-month follow-up, it was observed that she had relief from pain

Multiple cutaneous and Uterine Leiomyomatosis syndrome (Reed’s syndrome)

Kutanöz leiyomiyomlar düz kas hücrelerinden köken alan, derinin nadir görülen tümörleridir. Kutanöz leiyomiyomatosis ile uterus leiyomiyomlarının birlikteliği ile renal hücreli kanserin de eşlik edebildiği sendrom ‘‘multipl kutanöz ve uterin Leiomyomatozis sendromu (Reed sendromu)’’ şeklinde adlandırılmaktadır. Kırk beş yaşında kadın, gövdede ağrılı şişlikler şikayetiyle polikliniğimize başvurdu. Özgeçmişinde Tip 2 diyabetes mellitus ve multipl uterin leiyomiyomlar nedeniyle histerektomi operasyonu mevcuttu. Dermatolojik muayenede gövdede bilateral lomber bölgelerde yerleşen grube, sağ kol ve sırtta birkaç adet, dokunmakla hassas, deri renginde-kırmızımsı, infiltre papülonodüler lezyonlar görüldü. Papüllerden alınan biyopsinin histopatolojik incelemesi leiyomiyom ile uyumluydu. Hastaya ağrılarına yönelik gabapentin tedavisi başlandı ve bir ay sonundaki kontrolde ağrılarda azalma gözlendi. (Türk­derm 2014; 48: 105-7)Cutaneous leiomyomas are rare benign tumors arising from smooth muscle cells. The combination of cutaneous leiomyomatosis, uterine leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer is referred to as ‘‘multiple cutaneous and Uterine Leiomyomatosis syndrome (Reed’s syndrome)’’. A forty-five-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with multiple painful bumps on the body. Diabetes mellitus and hysterectomy operation due to leiomyoma were present in her past medical history. Dermatologic examination revealed multiple, painful, skin coloured-red papulonodules forming clusters on the bilateral lumbar region and a few lesions on the right arm and back. Histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen revealed leiomyoma. Gabapentin therapy was initiated and in the one-month follow-up, it was observed that she had relief from pain. (Turkderm 2014; 48: 105-7

YKL-40 expression in pterygium: a potential role in the pathogenesis

WOS: 000476503500003PubMed ID: 29922975Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate whether YKL-40 (chitinase 3-like 1 protein) plays a role in pterygium pathogenesis. Methods We included 42 primary pterygium patients and 24 control subjects with normal bulbar conjunctiva in the study. The pterygium patients were classified into the atrophic, fleshy, and intermediate groups according to the Tan classification. We then surgically removed the primary nasal pterygium and normal bulbar conjunctiva from the patients and immunohistochemically investigated YKL-40 expression. Results YKL-40 expression was statistically significantly higher in the epithelial, endothelial, and stromal cells of the pterygium tissues than in the control tissues (P=0.009, P=0.003, P=0.002, respectively). There was no significant correlation between the pterygium subgroups and YKL-40 expression (P > 0.05). Conclusions We believe YKL-40 may play a significant role in pterygium pathogenesis.Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitAhi Evran University [TIP.A4.17.002]This work was supported by the Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. Project Number: TIP.A4.17.002

Hemosiderotic dermatofibroma mimicking melanoma in a 12-year-old boy: a case report

WOS: 000434217800006PubMed: 2988155