Persepsi Petani Tentang Kompetensi Keujruen Blang di Kabupaten Aceh Besar Provinsi Aceh

Keujruen blang adalah lembaga adat yang bergerak di bidang pertanian untuk membantu persoalan petani dalam pengelolaan kawasan persawahan, pembinaan masyarakat, pembangunan dan penyelesaian masalah-masalah dalam penyelenggaraan USAha pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis tingkat persepsi petani tentang kompetensi keujruen blang dalam pengembangan pertanian, (2) menganalisis hubungan karakteristik petani dan kegiatan penyuluhan dengan tingkat persepsi petani tentang kompetensi keujruen blang dalam pengembangan pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni dan Juli 2017 di 10 kecamatan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar Provinsi Aceh. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan inferensial (rank Spearman). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tingkat kompetensi keujruen blang berada pada kategori tinggi. Hal tersebut dilihat dari: tata cara turun ke sawah, pengaturan pembagian air, koordinasi dengan pemerintah, mengkoordinasikan khanduri blang, dan pemberian teguran dan sanksi. (2) faktor yang berhubungan nyata dengan tingkat persepsi petani tentang kompetensi keujruen blang dalam pengembangan pertanian adalah karakteristik petani (pengalaman USAhatani, dan tingkat pendapatan) dan kegiatan penyuluhan (intensitas mengikuti penyuluhan, kesesuaian materi penyuluhan, kesesuaian media penyuluhan dan ketepatan metode penyuluhan)

Kinerja Pengrajin Boneka di Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat dalam Penerapan Standar Nasional Indonesia Mainan Anak

Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengeluarkan peraturan tentang pemberlakuan wajib Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) pada mainan anak, tetapi sebagian besar pengrajin boneka yang merupakan Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) belum siap.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) menganalisis kinerja boneka pengrajin di Kota Bekasi dalam penerapan SNI mainan anak, 2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kinerja pengrajin boneka di Kota Bekasi dalam penerapan SNI mainan anak. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan Desember 2015 di Kota Bekasi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 46 pengrajin inti. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara sensus terhadap seluruh populasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasirank Spearman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kinerja pengrajin boneka dalam penerapan SNI mainan anak tergolong kategori tinggi. Hasil analisis korelasi rank Spearman menunjukkan bahwa faktor karakteristik yang berkorelasi dengan kinerja adalah pendidikan formal, pengalaman bisnis, kemampuan memenuhi permintaan pasar dan investasi USAha. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa faktor motivasi yang berkorelasi dengan kinerja adalah kebutuhan kekuasaan. Sedangkan faktor eksternal yang berkorelasi dengan kinerja adalah tingkat ketersediaan informasi dan pemberdayaan pengrajin melalui pelatihan. Tidak satu pun dari faktor atribut inovasi yang berkorelasi dengan kinerja

Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian di Kabupaten Pidie Provinsi Aceh dalam Melaksanakan Tugas dan Fungsi

Various programs and the results achieved must not be separated from the role of agricultural extension in carrying out their duties and responsibilities in fostering farmer. The purpose of the study to identify the level of performance of agricultural extension in Pidie District in carrying out their duties, and to analyze the factors associated with the performance of agricultural extension. The method used in data collection is the census. The number of respondents in this study were as many as 47 people. The data collection was carried out from February 2014 to April 2014, using questionnaires, interviews, observation and study of literature. The data obtained were tabulated and then analyzed using Spearman Rank. The results showed that the level of performance of agricultural extension in Pidie District in general is still relatively low. Spearman rank correlation results showed: (1) factors related to the internal characteristics of the performance of extension are: length of service and number of target groups (2) factors related to the external characteristics of the performance of extension are: administrative support and working conditions, and (3) Factors competence extension tasks related to the performance of agricultural extension are: the application of adult learning principles, communication skills and ability to cooperate

Pedagogical Competence-based Training Needs Analysis for Natural Science Teachers

This study offers an effective approach in determining the needs of training of the teachers using the Training Needs Analysis (TNA). The objectives of the study were to obtain evidence an actual pedagogic competence of the natural sciences teachers, to obtain needs and training priorities, and proposing recommendations on the effectiveness of training method. Surveys, interviews, and FGD were conducted to get primary data. Survey was carried on 165 natural science teachers of SMP Negeri Pekanbaru using self-evaluation questionnaire. Results showed that actual pedagogic competence of the teachers was below the ideal competence. There were five priorities of training program, namely : training of ICT, classroom action research, theory and principles of learning on integrated natural science, curriculum development, and understanding of pupils’ characteristics. It is suggested that In House Training, specific training, and short courses are worth applied as effective training methods to improve pedagocical competence of the teachers.Â

Pemanfaatan Cyber Extension melalui Telepon Genggam oleh Petani Anggrek di Taman Anggrek Ragunan, Jakarta Selatan

Cyber extension is one of the modern technology which can be utilized by the farmers, extension workers, and Business actors to obtain informations and develop agricultural business. The purpose of this study was to analyze relationship between characteristics of respondents and environmental with the farmers behavior in utilizing cyber extension (Hp and internet) to support farming activities as well as the utilized on farm orchid plants. This study is descriptive correlational type of survey method. Research conducted at the Ragunan Orchid Park, South Jakarta, Jakarta Province. The sample were all growers of orchids as many as 35 people. The behavior of farmers for using cyber media, especially utilized of mobile phones. It also had a positive utilized in the development of farming, especially in marketing orchids in town and out of town. So, the farmers increase consumer and profit

Dampak Program Pemberdayaan Model Desa Konservasi terhadap Kemandirian Masyarakat: Kasus di Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan Lampung

Deforestasi dan degradasi akibat perambahan kawasan merupakan permasalahan terbesar dalam pengelolaan kawasan Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan (TNBBS). Sementara itu, berbagai aspek terkait kepentingan masyarakat untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya serta pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku konservasi mereka tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam pengelolaannya. Pemberdayaan bukan sekedar untuk menghentikan kerusakan kawasan, tetapi harus memperhatikan upaya pelestarian kawasan dalam aspek ekologi, ekonomi, dan sosial budaya. Pemberdayaan juga diarahkan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian masyarakat yang mengarah pada kemauan dalam mengembangkan kesadaran, pengetahuan dan keterampilan untuk kesejahteraan. Model Desa Konservasi (MDK) merupakan program pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis ekonomi dan konservasi yang dilaksanakan TNBBS. Memahami proses dan dampaknya terhadap masyarakat merupakan langkah dasar dan strategis dalam upaya konservasi TNBBS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat MDK di TNBBS; dan (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan efektifitas pemberdayaan masyarakat MDK di TNBBS. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode survey. Penelitian dilakukan di Pekon Sukaraja dan Pekon Kubu Perahu sebagai daerah penyangga dan enclave kawasan TNBBS. Analisis Menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik sosio-demografi, interaksi serta akses terhadap sumber daya dan pendekatan pemberdayaan mempunyai korelasi sangat signifikan dengan kemandirian masyarakat. Upaya meningkatkan pemahaman terhadap karakteristik masyarakat dan menerapkan pendekatan pemberdayaan yang sesuai dengan kondisi masyarakat merupakan hal penting dan relevan dalam mewujudkan kemandirian sebagai dampak pemberdayaan MDKdi TNBBS

Prediction of conformational changes by single mutation in the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) identified in HBsAg-negative blood donors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Selection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by host immunity has been suggested to give rise to variants with amino acid substitutions at or around the <it>'a' </it>determinant of the surface antigen (HBsAg), the main target of antibody neutralization and diagnostic assays. However, there have never been successful attempts to provide evidence for this hypothesis, partly because the 3 D structure of HBsAg molecules has not been determined. Tertiary structure prediction of HBsAg solely from its primary amino acid sequence may reveal the molecular energetic of the mutated proteins. We carried out this preliminary study to analyze the predicted HBsAg conformation changes of HBV variants isolated from Indonesian blood donors undetectable by HBsAg assays and its significance, compared to other previously-reported variants that were associated with diagnostic failure.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Three HBV variants (T123A, M133L and T143M) and a wild type sequence were analyzed together with frequently emerged variants T123N, M133I, M133T, M133V, and T143L. Based on the Jameson-Wolf algorithm for calculating antigenic index, the first two amino acid substitutions resulted in slight changes in the antigenicity of the <it>'a' </it>determinant, while all four of the comparative variants showed relatively more significant changes. In the pattern T143M, changes in antigenic index were more significant, both in its coverage and magnitude, even when compared to variant T143L. These data were also partially supported by the tertiary structure prediction, in which the pattern T143M showed larger shift in the HBsAg second loop structure compared to the others.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Single amino acid substitutions within or near the <it>'a' </it>determinant of HBsAg may alter antigenicity properties of variant HBsAg, which can be shown by both its antigenic index and predicted 3 D conformation. Findings in this study emphasize the significance of variant T143M, the prevalent isolate with highest degree of antigenicity changes found in Indonesian blood donors. This highlights the importance of evaluating the effects of protein structure alterations on the sensitivity of screening methods being used in detection of ongoing HBV infection, as well as the use of vaccines and immunoglobulin therapy in contributing to the selection of HBV variants.</p

Multi Stakeholder Engagement in Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil Governance

Natural resource management generally involves parties with conflicting interests and roles. The emergence of a negative issue on palm oil development in Indonesia heralded by NGOs and vegetable oil competitor countries, for some groups, is considered merely a trade war. The rapid development of Indonesia's oil palm has made this commodity a source of global vegetable oil as well as risen a controversy over its sustainability aspects covering environmental, socio-economic and health issues. The significant increase of palm oil research led to the need to enrich the study's discussion on the sustainability aspect and involved the participation of the related stakeholders. This study is an early stage of a research based on the environmental communication theory to identify the problems and analyze the stakeholders involved in palm oil governance in Indonesia by using stakeholder analysis tools. The methods of data collection in this study included literature review, text analysis, in-depth interviews as well as direct observations. The study finding shows that the Ministry of Agriculture as the main actor in palm oil governance in Indonesia is required to share its authority. This indicates that palm oil sustainability issue is not the responsibility of a particular ministry but has become a national issue that requires the participation and collaboration of all relevant stakeholders

Organizational Communication in Implementing School Committee Role in South Tangerang City

This research aims to explore the role of communication practices of organizations in supporting the implementation of the four roles of School Committee as an advisory body, a controller, a supporter and a intermediator in an education unit. Thus research uses qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, and data collected through a focus group discussion. The result of this research shows the School Committee's understanding of its four roles is still low; and organization communication whether between committee manager and school management and its members are still not being implemented optimally. The recommendations are spreading awareness and providing assistance to the Ministry of Education and Culture as well as the Office of Education of Tangerang Selatan on the implementation of the Law No. 44/U/2002 about the Roles and Functions of the School Committee; improving the organization communication pattern both in the internal and external environment

Reverse-Transcriptase Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase Gene in Treatment-Naïve Asymptomatic Chronic Hepatitis B Individuals

Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) remain the main treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Long-term use of NUCs significantly reduces disease progression; however, it might lead to resistance-associated mutations. We studied characteristics of polymerase gene related to NUCs resistance in na&iuml;ve hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals. The research was done at Laboratory of Hepatitis, Eijkman Institute, Jakarta Thirty eight samples were obtained and submitted for HBV DNA detection. Identification of mutations was performed by PCR-sequencing, and analyzed to obtain NUCs resistance motifs. Genotype and subtype were determined based on HBsAg sequence. Mutation of rtQ238H/N was found in 37 (97.4%) samples. Of those, 23 (62.2%) showed rtQ238H mutation, 10 (27.0%) had rtQ238N mutation, and four (10.8%) with double mutations of rtA194T and rtQ238H. Genotype B was found in 26 (68.4%), C in 11 (28.9%), and D in one (2.6%) samples. Statistically, the mutation variant of rtQ238H was associated with genotype B (p&lt;0.001), while rtQ238N with C (p&lt;0.001). The ayw subtype was found in 25 (65.8%), adr in 11 (28.9%), and adw in two (5.3%) samples. No mutation associated with NUCs resistance was found in most samples. This emphasizes that NUCs are still a prospective treatment in na&iuml;ve CHB patients.&nbsp; Mutation of rtQ238H was a variant found to be significantly associated with HBV genotype B and rtQ238N with genotype C