470 research outputs found
Role of non-timber forest products in sustaining forest-based livelihoods and rural households' resilience capacity in and around protected area- a Bangladesh study
People in developing world derive a significant part of their livelihoods
from various forest products, particularly non-timber forest products. This
article attempts to explore the contribution of NTFPs in sustaining
forest-based rural livelihood in and around a protected area of Bangladesh, and
their potential role in enhancing households resilience capacity. Based on
empirical investigation our study revealed that, local communities gather a
substantial amount of NTFPs from national park despite the official
restrictions. 27 percent households of the area received at least some cash
benefit from the collection, processing and selling of NTFPs, and NTFPs
contribute as HHs primary, supplementary and emergency sources of income. NTFPs
also constituted an estimated 19 percent of HHs net annual income, and were the
primary occupation for about 18 percent of the HHs. HHs dependency on nearby
forests for various NTFPs varied vis-a-vis their socio-economic condition as
well as with their location from the park. Based on our case study the article
also offers some clues for improving the situation in PA.Comment: To appear in Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 201
Emergence of noncollinear magnetic ordering in small magnetic clusters: Mn and As@Mn
Using first-principles density functional calculations, we have studied the
magnetic ordering in pure Mn (10, 13, 15, 19) and As@Mn
(10) clusters. Although, for both pure and doped manganese clusters,
there exists many collinear and noncollinear isomers close in energy, the
smaller clusters with 5 have collinear magnetic ground state and
the emergence of noncollinear ground states is seen for 6 clusters.
Due to strong hybridization in As@Mn clusters, the binding energy is
substantially enhanced and the magnetic moment is reduced compared to the
corresponding pure Mn clusters.Comment: 10 Pages and 5 Figure
Extragalactic radio sources with sharply inverted spectrum at metre wavelengths
We present the first results of a systematic search for the rare
extragalactic radio sources showing an inverted (integrated) spectrum, with
spectral index , a previously unexplored spectral domain. The
search is expected to yield strong candidates for , for which
the standard synchrotron self-absorption (characterized by a single power-law
energy distribution of relativistic electron population) would not be a
plausible explanation, even in an ideal case of a perfectly homogeneous source
of incoherent synchrotron radiation. Such sharply inverted spectra, if found,
would require alternative explanations, e.g., free-free absorption, or
non-standard energy distribution of relativistic electrons which differs from a
power-law (e.g., Maxwellian).
The search was carried out by comparing two sensitive low-frequency radio
surveys made with sub-arcminute resolution, namely, the WISH survey at 352 MHz
and TGSS/DR5 at 150 MHz. The overlap region between these two surveys contains
7056 WISH sources classified as `single' and brighter than 100 mJy at 352 MHz.
We focus here on the seven of these sources for which we find .
Two of these are undetected at 150 MHz and are particularly good candidates for
. Five of the seven sources exhibit a
`Gigahertz-Peaked-Spectrum' (GPS).Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Nanocrystallization and Amorphization Induced by Reactive Nitrogen Sputtering in Iron and Permalloy
Thin films of iron and permalloy Ni80Fe20 were prepared using an Ar+N2
mixture with magnetron sputtering technique at ambient temperature. The
nitrogen partial pressure, during sputtering process was varied in the range of
0 to 100%, keeping the total gas flow at constant. At lower nitrogen pressures
RN2<33% both Fe and NiFe, first form a nanocrystalline structure and an
increase in nitrogen partail pressure results in formation of an amorphous
structure. At intermediate nitrogen partial pressures, nitrides of Fe and NiFe
were obtained while at even higher nitrogen partial pressures, nitrides
themselves became nanocrystalline or amorphous. The surface, structural and
magnetic properties of the deposited films were studied using x-ray reflection
and diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, polarized neutron
reflectivity and using a DC extraction magnetometer. The growth behavior for
amorphous film was found different as compared with poly or nanocrystalline
films. The soft-magnetic properties of FeN were improved on nanocrystallization
while those of NiFeN were degraded. A mechanism inducing nanocrystallization
and amorphization in Fe and NiFe due to reactive nitrogen sputtering is
discussed in the present article.Comment: 13 Pages, 15 Figure
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS, LEVERAGE, DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM (Studi empiris perusahaan food & beverages yang terdaftar di BEI Periode 2010-2014)
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini berjudul Pengaruh Likuiditas, Leverage, dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Harga Saham (Studi empiris perusahaan food & beverages yang terdaftar di BEI Periode 2010-2014). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui besarnya likuiditas, leverage, dan profitbilitas terhadap harga saham.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskiptif dan verikatif, metode analisis yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, analisis korelasi parsial, dan analsis determinasi. Menguji hipotesis simultan melalui Uji F dan parsial melalui Uji t. Data penelitian ini merupakan data tahunan yang diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI).
Hasil analisis penelitian berdasarkan regresi linier berganda diperoleh bahwa likuiditas, leverage, dan profitabilitas secara bersama-sama mempunyai pengaruh siginifikan terhadap harga saham pada (Studi empiris perusahaan food & beverages yang terdaftar di BEI Periode 2010-2014). Secara parsial likuiditas, leverage, dan profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan positif pada harga saham.
Kata kunci : Likuiditas, Leverage, Profitabilitas, Harga Saham
The effect of 980 nm and 1480 nm pumping on the performance of newly Hafnium Bismuth Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
An experimental study on the comparison of optical amplifying performance between 980 nm and 1480 nm pumping for the newly Hafnium Bismuth Erbium co-doped fiber (HB-DF) has been presented. A short length of 1-meter HB-EDF was used as the gain medium of the optical amplifier. 1480 nm pumping is found to provide higher attainable gain and lower noise figure compared to 980 nm pumping. At 1480 nm pumping, the average small signal gain for HB-EDFA in the single pass configuration has improved by 13.4 dB in the C-band region range from 1525 nm to 1565 nm. In the double-pass configuration, a maximum small signal gain of 36.6 dB was achieved at the wavelength of 1560 nm, this is 11.6 dB higher compared to the HB-EDFA with 980 nm pumping. The double pass HB-EDFA with 1480 nm pumping has exhibited a reduction of average noise figure by 23.4% and 29.8% for-30 dBm and-10 dBm of input signal power respectively in the C- and L-band region
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