Sintesis Metil 2-asetoksibenzoat dari Minyak Gandapura dan Uji Aktivitasnya sebagai Senyawa Analgesik

Metil 2-asetoksibenzoat merupakan turunan asam asetilsalisilat. Pada penelitian ini metil 2asetoksibenzoatdisintesis dengan cara mereaksikan minyak gandapura (mengandung 100% metilsalisilat) dengan anhidrida asetat (1:2). Katalisator yang digunakan adalah natrium hidroksida(NaOH). Identifikasi struktur senyawa hasil sintesis menggunakan spektrometer massa danspektrometer infra merah. Rendemen senyawa hasil sintesis adalah 80,928%. Aktivitas analgesiksenyawa hasil sintesis dievaluasi dengan metode induksi asam asetat pada mencit jantan galurBALB/c (15-30 g). Dosis metil 2-asetoksibenzoat (51,39; 102,78; dan 205,56 mg/kgBB) diberikansecara oral. Asam asetilsalisilat dosis 102,78 mg/kgBB diberikan secara oral sebagai kontrol positif.CMC 0,5% diberikan secara oral sebagai kontrol negatif. Setelah 30 menit diberikan perlakuan, 0,6%larutan asam asetat (20ml/kgBB) disuntikkan secara intraperitoneal. Jumlah geliat diamati tiap 5menit selama 15 menit. Analisis data menggunakan one way ANOVA dan tukey HSD (SPSS 16.0 forwindows). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metil 2-asetoksibenzoat dosis 102,78 mg/kgBB memilikiaktivitas analgesik yang mirip dengan asam asetilsalisilat dosis 102,78 mg/kgBB dengan jumlah geliatyang tidak berbeda signifikan (p>0,05)

Rhetorical Moves in Problem Statement Sections of Postgraduate Theses of English Education Study Program

This research is aimed to find out kind of moves, the dominant moves and steps and the most common pattern of rhetorical moves in Postgraduate Theses of English Education Study Program Students at the University of Bengkulu in the academic year 2018 and 2019. The documentation technique and checklist were used in this research. Twenty six theses were analyzed by using checklist analysis from Swales’ CARS Model (1990). The results showed that Move 1 (Establishing a Territory), Move 2 (Establishing a Niche) and Move 3 (Occupying the Niche) were found in each thesis. The writers dominantly use Move 2 and Step 1B (Indicating a Gap) and the other step is Step 1A (Outlining Purposes) of Move 3. That is to say, the writers understood that Move 2 was the key component of Problem Statement (PS), and that makes Move 2 as the obligatory move. Further, the most common pattern is Incomplete Pattern. The PS which has this pattern only involved one move in it. Meanwhile, the other PS which has two moves which belong to Semi-Complete and another one has three moves, and it belongs to Complete Pattern. In conclusion, the Problem Statement by Postgraduate Students of English Education Study Program did not follow the required structure of CARS Model by Swales (1990)

THE CLASSROOM MANAGEMENTS APPLIED BY THE ENGLISH TEACHERS BASED ON CURRICULUM 2013

The objective of this research was to investigate the classroom managements based on curriculum 2013 applied by the English teachers of SMP Negeri 9 Kota Bengkulu in the academic years 2021/2022. The subjects consisted of three English teachers that were; teacher A (Female), teacher B (Female), and teacher C (Male). This research utilized descriptive qualitative method. The data were obtained by the observation checklist and interview guideline. The results of this study displayed those three English teachers applied 10 of 10 the components of classroom management curriculum 2013, but the teachers did not apply all the features. Teacher A dominantly used 3 of 10 components there were; 1) Teacher Feedback, 2) Teacher Wardrobe and 3) Adjusting the Material with The Students’ Learning Ability, with the total of all component’s percentage 73.4%. Teacher B also dominantly used 3 of 10 components such as; 1) Teacher Voice, 2) Time Management and 3) Teacher Wardrobe, with the total of all component’s percentage 73.4%. In contrast, teacher C dominantly applied 4 of 10 components there were; 1) Teacher Feedback, 2) Students’ Talking Time, 3) Teacher Wardrobe and 4) Adjusting the Material with The Students’ Learning ability, with the total of all component’s percentage 80%. In conclusion, three English teachers applied all the components of classroom management, but they did not apply all the features

SINTESIS METIL 2-ASETOKSIBENZOAT DARI MINYAK GANDAPURA DAN UJI AKTIVITASNYA SEBAGAI SENYAWA ANALGESIK

Metil 2-asetoksibenzoat merupakan turunan asam asetilsalisilat. Pada penelitian ini metil 2asetoksibenzoatdisintesis dengan cara mereaksikan minyak gandapura (mengandung 100% metilsalisilat) dengan anhidrida asetat (1:2). Katalisator yang digunakan adalah natrium hidroksida(NaOH). Identifikasi struktur senyawa hasil sintesis menggunakan spektrometer massa danspektrometer infra merah. Rendemen senyawa hasil sintesis adalah 80,928%. Aktivitas analgesiksenyawa hasil sintesis dievaluasi dengan metode induksi asam asetat pada mencit jantan galurBALB/c (15-30 g). Dosis metil 2-asetoksibenzoat (51,39; 102,78; dan 205,56 mg/kgBB) diberikansecara oral. Asam asetilsalisilat dosis 102,78 mg/kgBB diberikan secara oral sebagai kontrol positif.CMC 0,5% diberikan secara oral sebagai kontrol negatif. Setelah 30 menit diberikan perlakuan, 0,6%larutan asam asetat (20ml/kgBB) disuntikkan secara intraperitoneal. Jumlah geliat diamati tiap 5menit selama 15 menit. Analisis data menggunakan one way ANOVA dan tukey HSD (SPSS 16.0 forwindows). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metil 2-asetoksibenzoat dosis 102,78 mg/kgBB memilikiaktivitas analgesik yang mirip dengan asam asetilsalisilat dosis 102,78 mg/kgBB dengan jumlah geliatyang tidak berbeda signifikan (p>0,05).Kata kunci: Metil 2-asetoksibenzoat, Asam asetilsalisilat, Aktivitas analgesik

Students' Pronunciation Errors in English Silent Letters

The objective of this research was to find out the types of pronunciation errors are made by the seventh semester  students of English education study program at Bengkulu University in the academic year 2020/2021. This research used a descriptive quantitative method. 94 students as the total population 30 students  were chosen randomly as the samples. The instrument of the research were pronunciation test and interview. The test comprises 52 sentences which contain 13 silent letters i.e. “k, gh, th, g, p, l, t, s, w, n, b, h, d”. Each letter appears 4 times in the test. The results of the research showed that the students made two types of errors namely pre-systematic errors and systematic errors. The pre-systematic errors occurred more frequently than the systematic errors. The highest errors made by the students  were silent letters “g” (e.g. gnaw) and “b” (e.g. doubt) which total numbers of errors of each of them were 93 times (77%). It could be concluded that the students faced high difficulties in pronouncing the silent letters which completely different from Indonesian phonetic system. It was recommended that the English lecturers should pay more attention to students’ pronunciation and find more suitable method or technique of teaching it and students should study harder about the silent letters in English language

ENGLISH VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR PROFICIENCIES OF SMPN 17 STUDENTS IN BENGKULU CITY

The objectives of this research were to find out “how the student’s English vocabulary and grammar proficiencies were” . The population was all students of SMP N 17 Bengkulu City. The samples were approximately 57 students, with detail were 4 classes of 7th grade. The design of the research was descriptive quantitative. The instrument was English grammar and vocabulary test to measure students’ skill. The results of the research showed that the total average score from grade 7th, their total average score was 33, their average vocabulary score was 20 and then their average grammar score was 44. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the 7th grade students’ vocabulary and grammar skills of SMPN 17 Bengkulu City were still low, also the difference between their average grammar and vocabularyscores of grade 7 was very far, but both’s scores were still under the minimum score (75). This phenomenon could have been prevented if junior high school students had received English background knowledge when they were still in elementary school.This phenomenon is what the researchers are trying to show that this is the effect of not getting background knowledge of English when they were in elementary school. Of course this will cause problems for these students in the future, because the level of difficulty in terms of English study they will encounter in the future will be more difficult

TEACHERS’ STRATEGIES IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS

Reading strategy is an important role in teaching reading comprehension to achieve the goals of reading. The teacher must choose a strategy that supports the development of students' skills in analyzing the content of the text. The objectives of this research were to investigate EFL teachers’ strategies in teaching reading comprehension and the most frequent one applied by them. The subjects of this research consisted of 30 EFL teachers. This research was a survey design that used a quantitative approach. The instrument was a questionnaire using Vacca and Vacca’s theory and it was administrated to the respondents through Google Forms. The data were analyzed quantitatively using the Microsoft Excel software. The results of the research showed that the EFL teachers applied five strategies in teaching reading comprehension at Senior High Schools in Bengkulu City, namely the SQ3R, Reciprocal Teaching, Think-Aloud, QARs, and Scaffolding strategies. The most frequent strategy applied by them was the SQ3R which was as always category while other strategies were as often category. In conclusion, EFL teachers have applied various strategies in teaching reading comprehension at Senior High Schools. This research recommended that EFL teachers to apply all strategies in teaching reading comprehension

PERANAN SEGMENTASI PASAR TERHADAP PENINGKATAN VOLUME PENJUALAN PT. SINAR BARU MEDAN

Market segmentation is basically a way to differentiate the market according to some characters from customers who are generally classified into 4 (four), namely: geography, demography, psychography, and behavior.Data analysis method is done by using descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis, by using primary and secondary data.PT. Sinar Medan is a multinational company producing cables based in Jakarta, Indonesia. The company was founded in 1972.From the results of comparative analysis before and after the implementation of market segmentation based on geographic it is clear that cable sales can reach even past the sales target after the implementation of market segmentation. The average increase in cable sales in the past five years is 12.6%. The result of simple regression coefficient analysis shows that market segmentation has significant effect to sales volume whereas when market segmentation increases 1 (one) marketing area then sales volume will also increase by 316.653 meter cable. The correlation value between market segmentation and sales volume based on simple linear correlation coefficient analysis is 0.99. This means the relationship between market segmentation and sales volume is positive and very close. While the results of coefficient of determination analysis shows that market segmentation has a very large effect on sales volume that is equal to 98

Impacts of authentic texts on EFL students' reading comprehension

The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of authentic texts on students' reading comprehension of the English Education Study Program at the University of Bengkulu. This research applied a quantitative method, in the form of a quasi-experimental study. The subjects of the research were 68 sixth-semester students in which 34 students as the experimental group and 34 other students as the controlled group. The experimental group got treatment of authentic text, while the controlled group got treatment of textbooks. The instrument of the research used was the test. The mean score of the experimental group was higher than the scores of the controlled group (75.88: 68.24). The t-test calculation = (p<α); (0.005<0.05). It means alternative hypothesis was accepted, and null hypothesis was rejected. In other words, there was an effect of using authentic texts on students’ reading comprehension. It was recommended that it was a good idea for English lecturers, apart from other texts, pay close attention to authentic texts as well

AN ANALYSIS OF CHILDHOOD GOOD VALUES IN C.S.LEWIS’S NOVEL THE VOYAGE OF THE DAWN TREADER

This research aimed to find out childhood good values in C.S. Lewis’s Novel The Voyage of the Dawn Treader and their implications for education. The research was carried out by employing a descriptive qualitative method of library research. The data were collected by reading and analyzing the novel thoroughly. The results of the study revealed that there were several childhood good values in The Voyage of the Dawn Treader novel such as obedience, honesty, imagination, pleasure, kinship, bravery, regret, intelligence, helpfulness, forgiveness, and friendship. Nevertheless, there were also some bad values namely annoyance, selfishness, and greediness. The good values in the novel were basically universal, so they were congruent with the 2013 Curriculum in term of spiritual and social competencies. Thus, they implied that they can be used as teaching materials and source of references to teach both competencie