HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND MILK LEUKOCYTE COUNT IN SUBCLINICAL AND CLINICAL MASTITIS AFFECTED CROSSBRED CATTLE Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences

ABSTRACT The study was conducted to determine the effect of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and clinical mastitis (CM) on haemato-biochemical parameters and milk leukocyte count of crossbred cattle. Milk and blood samples were collected from 20 healthy, 223 SCM and 47 CM affected animals from Kolar and Chikkaballapur districts of Karnataka state, India. The SCM were diagnosed by California Mastitis Test (CMT) and electrical conductivity (EC) of milk. Blood and milk of mastitis infected crossbred cattle were analyzed for haemato-biochemical parameters and milk leukocyte count. Haematology showed significant increase in TLC in crossbred cows affected with mastitis. Significantly (P< 0.05) lower average values of TEC, Hb and PCV were observed in SCM infected animals, however no significant change were observed in values of CM infected than healthy animals. Differential leucocytic count (DLC) revealed higher granulocytes and lymphopenia in mastitis infected animals. Biochemical estimation revealed significantly (P< 0.05) higher average values of Ca, P, Na, Cl, and K in mastitis infected compared with healthy animals however, no significant (P> 0.05) change was observed in Mg and ALT levels. AST and TP values were significantly increased in SCM infected compared to healthy animals however, no significant change were observed in CM infected animals

Economic Analysis of Inland Fish Production in Northern Dry Zone of Karnataka

Indian fisheries and aquaculture is an important sector of food production, providing nutritional security to the food basket, contributing to the agricultural exports and engaging about 14 million people in different activities. The present study was aimed to analyze economic and financial feasibility of inland fish production in Vijayapur and Bagalkote districts of northern dry zone of Karnataka. Primary data required for the study was collected from 60 sample farmers, 30 from each district in the study area for the year 2018-19. Financial feasibility tools (Pay Back Period, Net Present Values, Internal Rate of Returns and Benefit-Cost Ratio) were used to fulfill the specific objective. The total capital investment in inland fish farming of per pond was Rs.73309. The total cost involved for fish production was highest in Vijayapur district Rs.46782.28/pond/year compared to Bagalkote district Rs.38794.6/pond/year. The inland fish farming was financially feasible in both the districts as evidenced by Pay Back Period which is less than two years, net present value Rs.264047.50 in Vijayapur and Rs.246991.9 in Bagalkote districts, B:C ratio (1.84) in Vijayapur district, (1.92) in Bagalkote district and internal rate of returns higher than the opportunity cost of capital with 43 per cent and 45 per cent in Vijayapur and Bagalkote districts respectively

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Not AvailableOvine Johne's disease (OJD) is caused by Mycobacterium avium sub sp. paratuberculosis (MAP). The disease presents diverse bacteriological, immunological and pathological spectra leading to variable efficacies of diagnostic methods at different times during the course of infection. The study was carried out to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of indirect-enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using IS900 faecal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay as gold standard. A total of 100 clinical samples, serum (n = 50) and faeces (n = 50), were collected from 50 adult Bannur sheep from Livestock Research and Information Centre farm Nagamangala, Mandya district of Karnataka. Of 100 total samples, 23 (23%) serum and 44 (44%) faecal samples were positive by indirect-ELISA and IS900 PCR assay, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of indirect-ELISA compared with IS900 PCR assay was 50% and 98.21%, respectively. Kappa and area under curve value indicates moderate agreement between indirect-ELISA and IS900 faecal PCR assay. The present study indicated that IS900 faecal PCR was more sensitive and specific test than indirect-ELISA in detecting for MAP infection and for early diagnosis of JD in sheep. Indirect-ELISA was screening test and IS900 PCR assay was an individual confirmatory test. Combination of indirect-ELISA with IS900 faecal PCR assay may be adopted as a model strategy for screening and diagnosis of JD in sheepNot Availabl

Comparison of newly standardized ‘Latex milk agglutination test’, with ‘Indigenous milk ELISA’ for ‘on spot’ screening of domestic livestock against <i>Mycobacterium avium </i> subsp.<i> paratuberculosis</i> infection

511-517Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), the cause of Johne’s disease in animals, has also been associated with Crohn’s disease (CD), Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and auto-immune disorders of humans. Increased consumption of milk and milk products made from pasteurized milk led to the sharp rise in the cases of IBD/CD in India. Milk and milk products are the main source of transmission of MAP from animals to humans, since MAP is not inactivated during pasteurization. Lack of rapid and sensitive ‘field test’ is the major stumbling block in estimating bio-incidence of MAP and threat it poses to human population. In the present study, newly standardized ‘Latex milk agglutination test’ (LMAT) was compared with ‘Indigenous milk ELISA’ test. Of the 900 raw milk samples of domestic livestock screened, 36.4 and 51.4% were positive in milk ELISA and LMAT, respectively. In milk ELISA, 38.7, 71.4, 35.1 and 33.5% milk samples of goats, sheep, cattle and buffaloes were positive for MAP, respectively. Whereas in LMAT, 60.6, 90.4, 45.9 and 44.7% milk samples of goats, sheep, cattle and buffaloes were positive for MAP, respectively. LMAT had 70.5% overall rate of agreement with milk ELISA. LMAT had sensitivity and specificity of 80.1 and 65.0%, respectively on comparion with ‘Indigenous milk ELISA’ and Kappa value of 0.416. Strength of agreement between two tests was ‘fair’. Study showed that LMAT has potential to be developed as field based ‘spot test’ for the rapid screening of milk samples of lactating domestic livestock for the detection of MAP