Computed tomography findings of COVID-19 in pediatric patients

Background. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the thorax Computed Tomography (CT) findings of pediatric patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and to discuss these findings in light of the results of adult patients from the literature.Methods. The CT scans of pediatric patients (1-18 years old) with a diagnosis of COVID-19 by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in our hospital between March 2020 and January 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. The scans were interpreted regarding the distribution and localization features, and involvement patterns including ground-glass opacity, consolidation, halo/reversed halo sign, interlobular septal thickening, air bronchograms and bronchiectasis. The frequencies of these findings in pediatric cases in our study were recorded.Results. A total of 95 patients with a mean age of 13 +/- 4.6 years were included in this study. Among them, 34 (36%) had lesions associated with COVID-19 on CT scans. Bilateral involvement was detected in 15 (44%) while unilateral in 19 (56%) patients. Eighteen (53%) patients had single lobe involvement. In 16 (47%) patients a solitary lesion was detected and in 18 (53%) multiple lesions were present. Ground-glass opacity appearance was observed in 28 (82%), consolidation in 9 (26%), and ground-glass opacity with consolidation in 8 (24%), halo sign in 9 (26%), reversed halo sign in 2 (6%), interlobular septal thickening (interstitial thickening) in 1 (3%) patients.Conclusions. As symptoms are relatively milder in children with COVID-19, CT findings are less extensive than in adults. It is essential to know the thorax CT findings that aid in the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease

A Public Health Issue that Increased Prevelance: Non-Acholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a liver disease, that occur in non alcohol users, with same histological features of alcoholic liver disease. The increased importance of NAFLD is depends on its close relation of current problems such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and hyperlipidemia, and its high prevalence as %20-30, in Europe and Middle East. NAFLD has a wide spectrum from simple steatozis (SS), liver cell damage, non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with inflammation to high stage fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Hepathocellular cancer and liver failure might develop in cirrhosis patients. Biopsy is gold standard for NAFLD diagnosis; differentiate from SS and NASH and defining NASH stages. Nutrition regulations and slow and continuous weight loss with regular exercises is still best treatment method [TAF Prev Med Bull 2014; 13(1.000): 65-76

Çevrimiçi trollük ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması

This study aims to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine trolling in online environments. Two different study groups were used in the study. The study group for the exploratory factor analysis consisted of 493 university students (72.2% female; 27.8% male). The study group for confirmatory factor analysis consisted of 690 university students (71.7% female; 28.3% male). As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, it was seen that it consisted of 16 items and 3 sub-dimensions that explained 56.80% of the variance. The model obtained after the exploratory factor analysis was tested with confirmatory factor analysis and it was determined that the fit index values were within acceptable limits. The criterion validity of the scale was carried out with the Revised Cyberbullying Scale for University Students. Whereas the Cronbach alpha value for the entire scale was .89 for all of the scales, the same was found for sub-dimensions as .85, .73, and .66. As a result, it can be stated that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool.Bu çalışmanın amacı çevrimiçi ortamlarda trollüğü belirlemeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesidir. Araştırmada iki farklı çalışma grubu kullanılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi için çalışma grubunu 493 üniversite öğrencisi (%72.2 kadın; %27.8 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için çalışma grubunu ise 690 üniversite öğrencisi (%71.7 kadın; %28.3 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Gerçekleştirilen açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda varyansın %56.80’ini açıklayan 16 madde ve 3 alt boyuttan oluştuğu görülmüştür. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonrasında elde edilen model doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile test edilmiş ve uyum indeks değerlerinin kabul edilebilir sınırlar içerisinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin, ölçüt geçerliği ise Üniversite Öğrencileri İçin Yenilenmiş Siber Zorbalık Ölçeği ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin tamamı için cronbach alfa değeri .89 iken alt boyutları için .85, .73 ve .66 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu ifade edilebilir

MPPT Control of Grid Connected DFIG at Variable Wind Speed

In this study, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of a grid-connected doubly fed induction generated (DFIG)-based wind energy conversion system (WECS) at variable wind speed was designed and analyzed. The real wind speed data of the Edremit/Balıkesir region in Turkey was used as the wind speed profile. A N90/2.5 MW wind turbine model of Nordex Company was used in the study. Firstly, a conventional PI controller was applied to both rotor and grid side converters. The rotor-side converter (RSC) controls the power generated from the DFIG, whereas the grid-side converter (GSC) controls the DC bus voltage. An MPPT controller was applied to the RSC to generate reference torque at instant variable wind speeds. Thus, the system’s response time, electromagnetic torque, generated power, and grid-side currents parameters were improved. In the MPPT controller, the reference torque value is produced by using the angular velocity and reference angular velocity values of the DFIG. The proposed system was modeled and simulated in Matlab/Simulink. Generated power, DC bus voltage, response time, electromagnetic torque, and grid side currents results were obtained. The results of the conventional PI controller and the results of the PI controller with MPPT were compared. The results of the proposed control were also compared with the related studies. The results showed that the proposed system is reliable, applicable, and valid for the grid-connected DFIG at variable wind speeds

MPPT Control of Grid Connected DFIG at Variable Wind Speed

In this study, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of a grid-connected doubly fed induction generated (DFIG)-based wind energy conversion system (WECS) at variable wind speed was designed and analyzed. The real wind speed data of the Edremit/Balıkesir region in Turkey was used as the wind speed profile. A N90/2.5 MW wind turbine model of Nordex Company was used in the study. Firstly, a conventional PI controller was applied to both rotor and grid side converters. The rotor-side converter (RSC) controls the power generated from the DFIG, whereas the grid-side converter (GSC) controls the DC bus voltage. An MPPT controller was applied to the RSC to generate reference torque at instant variable wind speeds. Thus, the system’s response time, electromagnetic torque, generated power, and grid-side currents parameters were improved. In the MPPT controller, the reference torque value is produced by using the angular velocity and reference angular velocity values of the DFIG. The proposed system was modeled and simulated in Matlab/Simulink. Generated power, DC bus voltage, response time, electromagnetic torque, and grid side currents results were obtained. The results of the conventional PI controller and the results of the PI controller with MPPT were compared. The results of the proposed control were also compared with the related studies. The results showed that the proposed system is reliable, applicable, and valid for the grid-connected DFIG at variable wind speeds

Dark triad personality and phubbing: The mediator role of fomo

Phubbing among undergraduate has become an area of increasing research interest in recent years. In recent years, studies on phubbing have increased. However, no empirical study has deal with the mediating effect of fear of missing out (FoMO) on the relationship between dark triad and phubbing. The dark triad refers to three personality traits: Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism. Machiavellianism is characterized by prioritizing one’s own wishes and desires. Psychopathy, is a personality trait where lack of emotion and self-control is seen. Narcissism is characterized by low empathy and egocentrism. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether FoMO mediator between dark triad and phubbing among undergraduates. For this purpose, structural equation modeling and bootstrapping method was used. Mediation analyses were performed using AMOS 22.00. The present study comprised 506 undergraduate (%70.7 female; %29.3 male). The age of the participants ranged between 18 and 29 (x = 22.41).The measures used included the General Scale of Phubbing, Fear of Missing Out Scale, and Dirty Dozen Scale. The results showed that FoMO mediated the relationship between dark triad and phubbing. The results of bootstrapping procedure indicated that the indirect effect of FoMO on the relationship between dark triad and phubbing was significant. In conclusion, the study suggests that FoMO is a meaningful mediator in the relationship between dark triad and phubbing. Research results are discussed in the light of the related literature and suggestions are presented for future researchers

The examination of geography education in the updated early childhood education program

Fen bilimleri ve sosyal bilimler ile ortak çalışma alanları olan coğrafya yeryüzü ve insan arasındaki ilişkileri inceler. Coğrafya eğitiminin erken yaşlarda başlaması çocukların var olan merak duygularını giderirken; çocukların daha fazla sorgulayan, araştıran bireyler olmalarına imkân sağlamaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle planlanan bu araştırmanın amacı yenilenen 2013 MEB okul öncesi eğitim programında yer alan kazanım göstergeleri, kavramları ve belirli gün-haftaları coğrafya eğitimi açısından analiz etmektir. Araştırmada okul öncesi eğitim programının içerik analizi yapılabilmesi için tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, okul öncesi eğitim programında yer alan kazanım ve göstergeler, kavramlar ve belirli-gün ve haftalar kullanılarak oluşturulan "Uzman Görüş Formu" kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler okul öncesi eğitimi ve sosyal bilgiler eğitimi alanında çalışan (N=25) uzmanlar aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre okul öncesi eğitim programı kazanım ve göstergelerinde bütün alanlarda coğrafya ile ilişkili en az bir kazanım ve gösterge olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte bütün kazanım ve göstergeler içinde coğrafya ile ilişkili olanların oranının ise %25 olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Okul öncesi eğitim programında yer alan kavramların coğrafya ile ilişkili olanlarının oranı %43, belirli gün ve haftalardan coğrafya ile ilişkili olanlarının oranı %29 olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Geography, which has mutual working areas with social science and physical sciences, investigate the relationship between the earth and human. While starting geography education in early ages satisfy the curiosity of children, it also allows children to be more questioning and exploring individuals. The purpose of this research is to analyze acquisitions and indicators, concepts and certain days-weeks which appear in the renewed Early Childhood Program of the Ministiry of National Education in terms of geography education. In the research, in order to do Content analysis of the Early Childhood Education Program, screening method was used. The data of the research was gathered by using “Expert Opinion Form” that has been created using acquisitions and indicators, concepts and certain days-weeks of the Early Childhood Education Program. The data was collected from the experts (n=25) who work in the field of early childhood education and social sciences education. According to results of the research, there is at least one acquisition and indicator related to geography in all areas in the early childhood education program. Additionally, it is unfolded that the rate of the acquisitions and indicators that are related to geography within all acquisitions and indicators is %25. It is also found out that the rate of concepts related to geography in early childhood education program is %43 and the rate of certain days-weeks related to geography is %29