The Effect of Search, Solve, Create, Share (SSCS) Learning Model on Scientific Reasoning Ability

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) learning model on students' scientific reasoning abilities in the material of the human movement system. The method used in this research is quasi-experimental. This study used two experimental classes with the SSCS model and a control class with the conventional model. Data were obtained through observation techniques, student response questionnaires, and scientific reasoning ability tests. The results of the study stated that the SSCS model had an effect on students' scientific reasoning abilities. The results of the hypothesis test stated that H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. This is based on the results of hypothesis testing using the Mann-Whitney test which obtains an Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) 0,000 0,05. Through this research, it was revealed that the SSCS learning model had an effect on students' scientific reasoning abilities

Impact of the Product Packaging on the Consumer Buying Behavior

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of the packaging elements on the consumer buying behavior. This research also identified the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. This survey research consists on the primary data which are collected through the distribution of the questionnaire and SPSS software has been used for the purpose of the analysis. This study consists on the response of the 100 respondents and tasted the reliability of the model. The aim of this research conducting is to find out that how much the independent variables influence the dependent variable According to the finding and analysis of this survey research it has been observed that packagings are most important instrument. It is further concluded that the packaging elements like its Color, Packaging material and design of Wrapper are more important factors when consumers making any buying decision Keywords: Product color, wrapper design, product size, consumer buying behavio

Uph Improvement On Production Line A Case Study

In manufacturing industries, Lean Manufacturing is a broadly accepted philosophy. Initially, the Lean Manufacturing concept was started from the Toyota Production System (TPS). Nowadays, most of the manufacturers tend to implement lean manufacturing to improve their production and performance in order to maintain a competitive advantage in the business environment. The purpose of this paper is to study the unit per hour (UPH) improvement on the production line. This thesis focused on the improvement of UPH and the reduction of cycle time in a production line. The production line is a manual assembly line. The initial condition of the production of the product such as cycle time and takt time was collected from time study and the data was analyzed. The cycle time for a substation in each line which is Left, Remote and Right were given attention to see which station has the highest cycle time. The lean manufacturing approach helps to identify the problem in the production line and help detect the improvement opportunities in the production line. The outcome from the implementation of improvement shows the reduction of cycle time for the bottleneck station at least 37% and the output of the production able to achieve 105 units per hour

IMPLEMENTASI PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK ALAT-ALAT BERAT/BESAR PADA DINAS PENDAPATAN DAERAH PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR DI SAMARINDA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme proses implementasi kebijakan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses implementasi kebijakan pemungutan pajak  alat berat/besar sesuai PERDA No. 1 Tahun 2011 yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi Kalimnatan Timur. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan model Interaktif (interaktif model of analisis) yang dikembangkan oleh Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan pemungutan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor  dan Bea Balik Nama Kendaraan Bermotor alat berat/besar telah dilaksanakan dengan mengacu pada Perda No. 01 Tahun 2011, berbagai upaya-upaya antara lain; dibentuknya Tim Intensifikasi Alat berat/besar, diadakannya kerjasama dengan Intansi terkait dan Pihak Kepolisian namun pelaksanaanya belum optimal, sehingga realisasi penerimaan pajak alat berat/besar dinilai masih rendah.  Dari wawancara dan temuan dilapangan masih ditemui kendaraan alat-alat berat/besar belum melaksanakan pembayarann pajak. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, maka faktor penentu keberhasilan proses pemungutan pajak alat berat/besar di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur terdiri; (1) kejelasan standar dan tujuan kebijakan, (2) tersedianya sumber daya yang diperlukan dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan, (3) komunikasi yang lancar, seimbang dan jelas antar organisasi dan pelaksana, (4), (5) kondisi sosial, ekonomi dan politik, dan (6) adanya kesediaan dan komitmen dari pelaksana untuk menyukseskan implementasi kebijakan di lapangan. Sedangkan faktor penghambat antara lain : (a). Kurangnya sosialisasi kepada wajib pajak, (b). Kurangnya koordinasi dengan Instansi terkait, (c). Lemahnya sikap pelaksana, (d). Lemahnya penegakan hukum

Assessment of antimicrobial, antialgal and cytotoxic activities of crude extracts from rhizospheric and freshwater cyanobacterial strains

Background: This study describes the evaluation of antimicrobial, antialgal and cytotoxic activities of crude extracts from cyanobacterial strains isolated from rhizospheric and freshwater environment.Methods: Four cyanobacterial strains were isolated from freshwater and rhizospheric samples collected from various sites of University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. Selected strains were identified by 16S rDNA ribotyping as species of genera, Cyanothece (CY1), Synechococcus (CY2), Leptolyngbya (CY3) and Synechococcus (CY4). The organic extracts i.e., methanolic, ethanolic and acetonic of selected cyanobacterial strains were checked for antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. Antibacterial and antialgal activities of cyanobacterial extracts were determined against, four Gram positive and three Gram negative bacteria using Muller-Hinton (MH) agar well diffusion assay and two algal species using 96-well microtiter plate respectively. Cytotoxic activity was determined against Vero cells and Huh-7 cells.Results: The results showed that all cyanobacterial extracts showed activities against Gram positive bacteria while some of the extracts showed activity against Gram negative bacteria. Acetonic extract of CY4 and CY2 showed moderate discoloration against Chlamydomonas sp. and Chroococcus sp. respectively. In cytotoxicity bioassay, methanolic extracts of strain CY1 and CY2 were most active with an IC50 of 0.625 mg/ml against Vero cells while acetonic extract of strain CY1 showed highest activity against Huh-7 cells (p<0.05).Conclusion: The data of current study conclusively suggest that selected cyanobacteria may be an excellent source for further fractionation to obtain novel antibacterial, antialgal and anticancer substances.Keywords: Cyanobacteria; MTT bioassay; Microtiter plates; Antimicrobial activity; Cytotoxicity

Food insecurity in rural Nigeria during the lean season: Causes and coping strategies

This study used a national representative sample of 3380 household from the general household survey-panel (GHS-Panel) to examine the causes and coping strategies among the rural households in Nigeria. The post-planting survey visit, which is the first round of its kind in Nigeria was carried out in (August-October, 2010), it was done immediately after planting season to collect information on land preparation, input and labour utilization.&nbsp; The results shown that soaring food prices and drought together constituted the highest causes of household food insecurity with about (42%) according to the household responses. The cumulative food insecurity strategy index (CSI) is an inverse function approach, which means that an increase in the use of coping strategies indicate a decrease in food security. The results reveal that, households within the age category of greater than or equals to 71 years are having the highest CSI (71.1%). While the least food insecure are the household heads within the age cohort of 31-40 years with only 25.7 % CSI. Poverty alleviation programs and encouraging sustainable non-farm income generating activities among the rural households would have positive impact on the food security situation in rural Nigeria

Measurement and determinants of rural food poverty in Nigeria: recent evidence from general household survey panel

This paper examines food security determinants among rural farming households in Nigeria. A total of 3380 households from General Household Survey-panel data that adopt the World Bank Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS) technique was used for this study. The impacts of household characteristics, household endowments and activity related characteristics were explored using logistic regression analysis. Based on the Food and Agriculture Organization FAO recommended minimum 2120 kcal daily per adult equivalent was valued at (N138) equivalent and USD 0.87 food poverty threshold of per annum was derived for rural Nigeria. This threshold is the cost for purchasing recommended daily food allowances (RDA) of an adult equivalent for healthy life in rural Nigeria. The results of the study revealed that age of the household head, tertiary education, farm size, household size, value of livestock holdings, total remittances received by the household, participation in nonfarm enterprise and access to formal credit have significant impact on food security. We conjecture that, the higher incidence of food security during post harvesting season might likely be due to inability of smallholder farmers to utilize their extra time into non-farm income generating activities due to high demand for labour for farm operations

Analysis of Machine Learning Based Imputation of Missing Data

Data analysis and classification can be affected by the availability of missing data in datasets. To deal with missing data, either deletion-based or imputation-based methods are used that results in the reduction of data records or wrong predicted value imputed by means/median respectively. A significant improvement can be done if missing values are imputed more accurately with less computation cost. In this work, a flow for analysis of machine learning-based algorithms for missing data imputation is proposed. The K-nearest neighbors (KNN) and Sequential KNN (SKNN) algorithms are used to impute missing values in datasets using machine learning. Missing values handled using statistical deletion approach (List-wise Deletion) and ML-based imputation methods (KNN and SKNN) is then tested and compared using different ML classifiers (Support Vector Machine and Decision Tree) to evaluate effectiveness of imputed data. The used algorithms are compared in terms of accuracy, and results yielded that the ML-based imputation method (SKNN) outperforms LD-based approach and KNN method in terms of effectiveness of handling missing data in almost every dataset with both classification algorithms (SVM and DT)

The genetics associated with Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy; increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is a modifiable risk factor for primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Increase IOP causes retinal and optic nerve compression and leads to gradual and irreversible loss of eyesight if left untreated. It is the second most leading cause of blindness. PCG mainly affects children up to the age of three years, and symptoms include epiphora, photalgia, swollen eyes, opaque corneas, blepharospasm, rupture in the retina and ocular nerve damage due to IOP. Early detection, management, and treatment are the keys to preventing vision loss from glaucoma. Many mutations have been discovered in Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) gene to be responsible for causing PCG, and there are still a lot of mutations to be discovered. In this review, we will discuss the genetic aspects of PCG and the most frequent mutations responsible for PCG in Pakistani children. PCG can be handled by decreasing IOP either by medication or by surgery. Genetic counselling plays a significant role in the establishment of proper management of PCG.Keywords: Primary Congenital Glaucoma; IOP; Cyp1b1; Mutation

Comprehensive Improvement of Various Features of Cu–Cd Ferrites (Cu0.5Cd0.5Fe2–xCexO4) by Cerium (Ce3+) Ion Substitution

Cerium (Ce3+) substitution in Cu–Cd spinel nanoferrites with the compositional formula Cu0.5Cd0.5Fe2–xCexO4 (x = 0.0, 0.0125, 0.0250, 0.0375, 0.050) was performed by the hydrothermal route. The structural, morphological, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of Ce-substituted Cu–Cd ferrites were explored. X-ray diffraction revealed the single-phase cubic structure of all nanoferrites. The average crystallite size (72.42–11.61 nm) and lattice constant (8.419–8.449 Å) were observed for the synthesized ferrites. The surface shapes of particles were determined by scanning electron microscopy. The substitution was also verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry. The semiconducting behavior of ferrites was determined from their electrical properties, such as direct current (DC) electrical resistivity. The Curie temperature was observed at 523 K temperature for all nanoferrites. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss significantly indicated the reducing behavior with an increase in the cerium concentration. The sample Cu0.5Cd0.5Fe1.975Ce0.025O4 resulted in the lowest optical bandgap energy, DC resistivity, and dielectric losses. The nature of the electrical resistivity and dielectric constants indicate that the designed materials are highly appropriate for the design of microwave gadgets