DECODING LYMPHOCYTE DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFERENTIATION

Mammals are equipped with a complex adaptive immune system that provides them protection against foreign pathogens, toxins or allergenic agents and also tumors. B and T lymphocytes comprise critical building blocks of this system and are essential in establishing effective humoral and cellular immune responses. In this thesis, we first introduced the reader to key processes involved at multiple stages of lymphocyte development and differentiation. In the next part, we demonstrated that transition from Pro- to Pre-B cells stage during early development of B lymphocytes is exclusively dependent on the Ig heavy chain (IgHC) and not directed by a non-coding function of the Ig heavy mRNA (IgHR). We also highlighted the capacity of progenitor B cells in sensing very low amounts of IgHC, that licenses further development. Phenotypically and functionally, lymphocytes display great heterogeneity and plasticity. This cellular plasticity is accounted for by dynamic changes in their epigenetic landscape including post translational modifications of histone. Across distinct developmental and differentiation stages, the genome of a lymphocyte undergoes many of these epigenetic modifications. In subsequent sections of the thesis, we highlighted the functional significance of an epigenetic writer, DOT1L in lymphocytes biology. We demonstrated that DOT1L plays a critical role in establishing germinal center B cells, a B cell differentiation state that is closely associated with lymphoma formation. Furthermore, we showed that DOT1L prevents premature differentiation of B cells into plasma-like cells. In later part of the thesis, we provided a detailed characterization of CD8+ T lymphocytes that lack DOT1L. We demonstrated that DOT1L is a key epigenetic writer that safeguards the epigenetic identity of naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes. In absence of DOT1L, CD8+ T lymphocytes prematurely differentiate towards antigen-independent memory T cells. Apart from physiological significance, lymphocytes especially B cells also represent as a unique biological system that have programmed DNA double strand break (DSBs). These DSBs provide the basis of key processes that are related with their functionality. With their capacity of regulating DSBs repair, B cells can be used to study the role of proteins that may become involved in DSBs repair process. In next part of the thesis, with the aim to check the proposed direct role of poorly characterized protein CAAP1 in regulating apoptosis and delaying DNA double strand break (DSBs) repair, we described a new mouse model that lack CAAP1. Comprehensive analysis involving different cellular systems including B lymphocytes that lack CAAP1 we disproved the proposed role of CAAP1 and suggested that new approaches should be adopted to unravel significance of CAAP1 in biological system. At the end, we summarized and discussed key findings from the thesis and also presents an outlook for the future research

POLA KOMUNIKASI KELUARGA SEBAGAI FAMILY CAREGIVER ISOLASI MANDIRI COVID-19

Seorang anggota keluarga yang menjadi family caregiver bagi anggota keluargan yang terdampak covid-19 memiliki tantangan ekonomi, waktu, hingga psikologis dapat merubah pola komunikasi keluarga mereka. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi Alfred Schuz dan mengintegrasikan konsep dan teori komunikasi keluarga. Data penelitian penelitian ini akan didapatkan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam, studi pustaka, dan tringulasi data sebagai usaha menvalidasi data yang diperolah. Informan pada penelitian ini ditentukan menggunakan teknik purposive dengan menentukan 5 kritera yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengalaman komunikasi keluarga family caregiver dengan anggota keluarga lainnya berbeda dengan semustinya, hal tersebut terjadi karena bergesernya peran seorang anggota keluarga. Pengalaman yang di alami oleh family caregiver banyak terlihat merasa kerepotan, khawatir yang bukan berasal dari pasien covid-1

Studi Komparatif tentang Pengelolaan Media Sosial sebagai Alat Diseminasi Informasi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Abstract   Social media management, of course, has its differences and challenges for each manager, especially during the pre-Covid-19 pandemic and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Sukabumi Regency Government (Sukabumi Regency Government) has carried out these two periods in managing its social media. Social media is used by the Sukabumi Regency Government as a means of disseminating or disseminating information, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to describe and understand a comparative study on the management of social media of the Sukabumi Regency Government as a means of disseminating information in the pre-pandemic period and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in this research is a qualitative case study method with data collection through interviews with expert informants, key informants, and supporting informants. In addition, data collection was carried out using observation at the research site and documentation. The results of this study are that the Sukabumi Regency Government manages by utilizing several social media such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Youtube and Websites. In managing social media, using theory of social media management theory by Paramitha (2011) in Pakuningjati (2015) that is planning, activation and monitoring and optimization, digital communication management by Nasrullah (2021) that is planning, activity and evaluation. This study explains that the management of social media carried out by the Sukabumi Regency Government as a tool for information dissemination during the Covid-19 pandemic is not so different from the management before the Covid-19 pandemic. The difference is only implementing health protocols when management and information about Covid-19 increase.   Keywords: covid-19 pandemic, information dissemination, management and social media

Pengaruh Kualitas Informasi Akun Instagram @Kotajakartapusat Terhadap Citra Pemerintah

This research was conducted to determine the effect of the information quality of the @kotajakartapusat Instagram account on the image of the Central Jakarta Administrative City Government. The research method uses quantitative survey methods and this type of research is causality. Sampling used a non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling of 99 respondents. The results showed that from the results of partial hypothesis testing (T test) there was a significant effect of Information Quality (X) Instagram account @kotajakartapusat on the City Administration City Government's Image (Y) significantly by tcount 9.382 ≥ 1.985 ttable value and significance value 0.000 ≤ 0.05 , this means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion of the study is that the influence of the information quality of the Instagram @kotajakartapusat account is very good on the image of the central Jakarta administrative city government..   Keywords: Central Jakarta Administration City Government, Image,  Information Quality, Instagra

Peran Humas dalam Menangani Krisis Citra Sistem OSS di Kementerian Investasi Indonesia

The purpose of the study was to determine the role of public relations in dealing with the OSS system image crisis that received negative comments on sosial media, especially Instagram @bkpm_id. The method used is qualitative with an observative approach, this study uses data collection methods in the form of interviews and observations. The results of this study are descriptive narratives that explain what BKPM's PR has done in dealing with the OSS image crisis. The results obtained are that BKPM's PR does not use a special strategy to improve the OSS image, but is more inclined towards sosial media monitoring by responding to user complaints. The conclusion of the research shows that public relations uses the public relations method in dealing with the OSS system image crisis at the Indonesian Ministry of Investment. Keywords: Image, Ministry of Investment, OS

Observation of direction instability in a fiber ring laser

We report on the observation of a new phenomenon occurring in a fiber ring laser. This phenomenon is about the transition from an initially bidirectional emission of a reciprocal fiber ring laser to a unidirectional emission at a certain pump power threshold. In addition, the final direction is not predefined but appears to be randomly chosen every time the threshold is exceeded. Therefore, we term this new phenomenon direction instability. Furthermore, we provide a first discussion of how the instability threshold is influenced by the length and the loss of the cavity. We show that the threshold follows a power times length scaling, indicating a nonlinear origin

Comparison between Right and Left Hemisphere Lesion of Stroke Patients for Functional Gait Assessment

Objective: To compared the functional gait among left and right hemisphere lesion patients of stroke. Methods: This cross sectional comparative study included 126 patients with right and left sided hemispheric lesion. The study was conducted from December 2019 to March 2020. Patients were selected consecutively from different hospitals and rehabilitation centers of Lahore, Pakistan on the basis of inclusion & exclusion criteria. Functional gait assessment (FGA) scale was used to measure functional gait performance and disturbance related to balance in stroke patients. Independent sample t-test was used for comparison of functional gait between left and right hemispheric lesions. A p-value ≤ .05 was taken statistically significant. Results: A total of 126 patients of stroke with right and left sided hemisphere lesion were assessed for functional gait assessment. The mean age of patients in group A and B was 54.19±8.54 years and 51.46±8.57 years, respectively. The mean weight of patients in group A and B was 61.95±8.82 kg and 58.67±5.83 kg, respectively. Functional gait assessment mean score in group A was 12.56±2.60 and in group B was 15.59±4.17 points with p-value of 0.001. There was a significant difference of FGA scores present between the two groups. Conclusions: The study concluded that ambulatory functions differ with respect to site of hemisphere lesion. The site of hemisphere lesion impact on patient's functional gait has statistically significant

Natural resource or market seeking motive of China’s FDI in asia? New evidence at income and sub-regional level

Asia is a heterogeneous region including countries with distinct features in quite a few facets. This study is designed to unravel the motivations of Chinese FDI in 30 Asian countries (For list of countries see Appendix 1.) during 2003–2016. For estimation, we utilised the Random effect (RE), Fixed effect (FE) and System-GMM (SGMM) methodologies. We transpired that both market and natural resource (mineral richness) seeking motives of Chinese FDI in the whole sample analysis. With respect to income group, we confirmed the market seeking FDI in both high and middle- income countries whereas, mineral richness is priority for Chinese FDI in middle-income group. Thus, Chinese firms targeted middle income developing economies to acquire non-fuel natural resources. Analogously, on the regional basis, the results show that in all regression models, GDP is positive and significant predictor, characterising market seeking FDI by Chinese firms in West, East and South East Asia. In resource seeking motive, among the two types of natural resources, mineral richness affect Chinese FDI positively in East & South East Asia. In a nutshell, seeking market is the common motive for Chinese FDI in the entire sample, whereas the resource seeking motive varies across the income groups and regions

Shunt Migration into Scrotum: A Case Report

Ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS) is a common procedure involved in the management of hydrocephalus. VP shunt has many inherent complications including obstruction, infection, breakage, and migration of the shunt. The incidence of scrotal shunt migration is around 14% VPS migration into the scrotum manifests as reducible trans-illuminant scrotal swelling, which is more like hydrocele. Mostly migration occurs into the right hemi-scrotum within the first 6 months of performing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Bilateral herniotomy with repositioning of the distal shunt catheter is the treatment of choice

Requirement Validation for Embedded Systems in Automotive Industry Through Modeling

Requirement validation contributes significantly toward the success of software projects. Validating requirements is also essential to ensure the correctness of embedded systems in the auto industry. The auto industry emphasizes a lot on the verification of car designs and shapes. Invalid or erroneous requirements lead to inappropriate designs and degraded product quality. Considering the required expertise and time for requirement validation, significant attention is not devoted to verification and validation of requirements in the industry. Currently, the failure ratio of software projects is significantly higher and the key reason for that appears to be the inappropriate and invalidated requirements at the early stages in the projects. To that end, we propose a model-based approach that uses the existing V&V model. Through virtual prototyping, the proposed approach eliminates the need to validate the requirements after each stage of the project. Consequently, the model is validated after the design phase and the errors in requirements are detected at the earliest stage. In this research, we performed two different case studies for requirement validation in the auto industry by using a modeling-based approach and formal technique using Petri nets. A benefit of the proposed modeling-based approach is that the projects in the auto industry domain can be completed in less time due to effective requirements validation. Moreover, the modeling-based approach minimizes the development time, cost and increases productivity because the majority of the code is automatically generated using the approach