Strategi Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Multiple Intelligence

Gardner explains that intelligence is some of the abilities that a person possesses, which will not all be equal to the abilities others have, because they are of many types, Gardner calls them multiple intelligences. The development of learning strategy is intended to provide an alternative paradigm in order to prepare PAUD/TK/RA teachers who have special skills in early childhood education. Therefore, further research on the effectiveness of early childhood learning strategies based on multiple intelligences was developed to improve the competence of RA teachers. The research method used experiments, involving 116 RA teachers in Pemalang district. Data analysis used statistical analysis of Paired Sample T-Test, which aims to find out the effectiveness of AUD based learning strategy based on multiple intelligence in improving the competence of PAUD/TK/RA teachers. The results showed the significance of paired sample t-test of 0.000 (<0.05) with a t value of 9.555. Thus, the results of the analysis show that statistically, the effectiveness of early childhood learning strategies based on mulitple intelligence in improving the competence of RA teachers is tested

ANALISIS SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT HUNTAP (HUNIAN TETAP) TONDO PASCA RELOKASI BENCANA GEMPA BUMI DAN TSUNAMI PALU 2018

Abstrak: Bencana alam merupakan faktor yang dapat membawa dampak buruk bagi kehidupan manusia. Saat terjadinya bencana alam pasti akan membawa efek trauma dan merusak fasilitas yaitu rumah masyarakat yang terdampak bencana alam seperti gempa bumi, tsunami, banjir dan lain-lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat sosial ekonomi masyarakat pasca relokasi bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami palu tahun 2018. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan instrument pertanyaan kepada masyarakat yang berada dan menetap di hunian tetap Tondo. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya perubahan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat pasca relokasi bencana gempa bumi dan mulai berbenah serta mulai menghilangkan rasa trauma dari efek bencana alam pada tahun 2018 lalu. Masyarakat mulai bisa beradaptasi dengan kondisi sosial yang baru dengan hidup berdampingan yang sebelumnya mereka hidup di hunian sementara yang kemudian berpindah di hunian tetap Tondo. Perubahan kondisi pasca relokasi ke hunian tetap, membawa perubahan sosial ekonomi. Peningkatan itu melihat dari interaksi masyarakat sekitar dan dalam pengembangan wilayah baru tersebut. Selain itu juga, beberapa masyarakat membuka usaha baru dalam penyediaan barang dan jasa agar bisa mempermudah pada kehidupan masyarakat hunian tetap Tondo. Abstract: Natural disasters are factors that can have a negative impact on human life. When a natural disaster occurs, it will definitely bring trauma and damage facilities, namely the homes of people affected by natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods and others. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-economic level of the community after the relocation of the Palu earthquake and tsunami disaster in 2018. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative with a question instrument for the people who live and live in the permanent residences of Tondo. The results of the study showed that there were social and economic changes in the community after the earthquake disaster relocation and began to clean up and began to relieve the trauma from the effects of natural disasters in 2018. People began to be able to adapt to new social conditions by living side by side, where they previously lived in temporary housing which then moved to the permanent residence of Tondo. Changes in conditions after relocation to permanent housing, brought socio-economic changes. The increase is seen from the interaction of the surrounding community and in the development of the new area. In addition, several communities have opened new businesses in the provision of goods and services in order to make life easier for the people of Tondo's permanent residences.

Potential of Clay in Coal Mining of Tanjung Enim Area as a Filler on Rubber Compound

The clay deposit in the coal mining area of Tanjung Enim has a deposit about five times its coal deposit. This clay has not been utilized except as glue on brick briquettes which are relatively small quantities. As a rubber filler, clay can be used, but the silica content is preferred in the clay. Therefore the composition of silica in clay must be known. This study aims to determine the content of silica in the clay contained in the coal mining area of Tanjung Enim. The research begins with clay drying, followed by the fineness of clay grain size to a size of about 10-50 microns. Furthermore, the analysis of the compounds there in is carried out using XRF. The results show that the silica content in the clay is about 53.74 - 75.29% and the highest content is in the Lower D layer 75.29% and followed by the Int B2-C layer 56.87% and Lower C 56.65 %. In general, the compounds in this clay are dominated by SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, TiO2, and K2O

Effects of sugar sources and fermentation time on the properties of tea fungus (kombucha) beverage

Recently, fermented foods have been developing huge demand among modern consumers due to their health benefits and pleasant flavour. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of fermentation time and different sugar sources on the physicochemical and antioxidant activities of kombucha tea. The sugar sources selected were white refined sugar (WRS), coconut palm sugar (CPS) and molasses sugar (MS). The fermentation substrate was boiled black tea, 10% (w/v) of each sugar, 3% (w/v) of tea fungus (SCOBY) and 10% (v/v) of previously fermented kombucha tea (back slope fermentation). The mixture was incubated in the dark at 24±3°C for 14 days. The sugar and organic acid contents were determined by HPLC, while the antioxidant active was determined by the DPPH and FRAP methods. Results demonstrated significantly higher biomass formation, glucose and sucrose content for kombucha tea fermented with WRS, while kombucha tea fermented with MS showed higher organic acid contents. Moreover, kombucha tea fermented with CPS exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic content, followed by those fermented with MS and WRS. The present work demonstrated that kombucha tea fermented with CPS is recommended to be consumed as functional beverage for health benefits and prevention of oxidation related diseases. In addition, CPS and MS are good sugar alternatives to sucrose and other sugars frequently used in kombucha fermentation

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 comparative risk assessment (CRA) is a comprehensive approach to risk factor quantification that offers a useful tool for synthesising evidence on risks and risk–outcome associations. With each annual GBD study, we update the GBD CRA to incorporate improved methods, new risks and risk–outcome pairs, and new data on risk exposure levels and risk–outcome associations. Methods We used the CRA framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or groups of risks from 1990 to 2017. This study included 476 risk–outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk and exposure estimates from 46 749 randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources. We used statistical models to pool data, adjust for bias, and incorporate covariates. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. We explored the relationship between development and risk exposure by modelling the relationship between the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and risk-weighted exposure prevalence and estimated expected levels of exposure and risk-attributable burden by SDI. Finally, we explored temporal changes in risk-attributable DALYs by decomposing those changes into six main component drivers of change as follows: (1) population growth; (2) changes in population age structures; (3) changes in exposure to environmental and occupational risks; (4) changes in exposure to behavioural risks; (5) changes in exposure to metabolic risks; and (6) changes due to all other factors, approximated as the risk-deleted death and DALY rates, where the risk-deleted rate is the rate that would be observed had we reduced the exposure levels to the TMREL for all risk factors included in GBD 2017. Findings In 2017, 34·1 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 33·3–35·0) deaths and 1·21 billion (1·14–1·28) DALYs were attributable to GBD risk factors. Globally, 61·0% (59·6–62·4) of deaths and 48·3% (46·3–50·2) of DALYs were attributed to the GBD 2017 risk factors. When ranked by risk-attributable DALYs, high systolic blood pressure (SBP) was the leading risk factor, accounting for 10·4 million (9·39–11·5) deaths and 218 million (198–237) DALYs, followed by smoking (7·10 million [6·83–7·37] deaths and 182 million [173–193] DALYs), high fasting plasma glucose (6·53 million [5·23–8·23] deaths and 171 million [144–201] DALYs), high body-mass index (BMI; 4·72 million [2·99–6·70] deaths and 148 million [98·6–202] DALYs), and short gestation for birthweight (1·43 million [1·36–1·51] deaths and 139 million [131–147] DALYs). In total, risk-attributable DALYs declined by 4·9% (3·3–6·5) between 2007 and 2017. In the absence of demographic changes (ie, population growth and ageing), changes in risk exposure and risk-deleted DALYs would have led to a 23·5% decline in DALYs during that period. Conversely, in the absence of changes in risk exposure and risk-deleted DALYs, demographic changes would have led to an 18·6% increase in DALYs during that period. The ratios of observed risk exposure levels to exposure levels expected based on SDI (O/E ratios) increased globally for unsafe drinking water and household air pollution between 1990 and 2017. This result suggests that development is occurring more rapidly than are changes in the underlying risk structure in a population. Conversely, nearly universal declines in O/E ratios for smoking and alcohol use indicate that, for a given SDI, exposure to these risks is declining. In 2017, the leading Level 4 risk factor for age-standardised DALY rates was high SBP in four super-regions: central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia; north Africa and Middle East; south Asia; and southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania. The leading risk factor in the high-income super-region was smoking, in Latin America and Caribbean was high BMI, and in sub-Saharan Africa was unsafe sex. O/E ratios for unsafe sex in sub-Saharan Africa were notably high, and those for alcohol use in north Africa and the Middle East were notably low. Interpretation By quantifying levels and trends in exposures to risk factors and the resulting disease burden, this assessment offers insight into where past policy and programme efforts might have been successful and highlights current priorities for public health action. Decreases in behavioural, environmental, and occupational risks have largely offset the effects of population growth and ageing, in relation to trends in absolute burden. Conversely, the combination of increasing metabolic risks and population ageing will probably continue to drive the increasing trends in non-communicable diseases at the global level, which presents both a public health challenge and opportunity. We see considerable spatiotemporal heterogeneity in levels of risk exposure and risk-attributable burden. Although levels of development underlie some of this heterogeneity, O/E ratios show risks for which countries are overperforming or underperforming relative to their level of development. As such, these ratios provide a benchmarking tool to help to focus local decision making. Our findings reinforce the importance of both risk exposure monitoring and epidemiological research to assess causal connections between risks and health outcomes, and they highlight the usefulness of the GBD study in synthesising data to draw comprehensive and robust conclusions that help to inform good policy and strategic health planning

Seagrass habitat suitability map at Merambong Shoal, Johor: a preliminary study using multibeam echosounder and maxent modelling

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest to use high-resolution multibeam dataset and Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) for seagrass habitat suitability model. This requires a specific variable derived from multibeam data and in-situ seagrass occurrence samples. The purpose of this study was (1) to derive variables from multibeam bathymetry data to be used in seagrass habitat suitability model, (2) to produce seagrass habitat suitability model using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), and (3) to quantify the contribution of each variable for predicting seagrass habitat suitability map. The study area was located at Merambong Shoal, covering an area of 0.04 km2, situated along Johor Strait. First, twelve (12) variables were derived from bathymetry data collected from multibeam echosounder using Benthic Terrain Modeller (BTM) tool. Secondly, all variables and seagrass occurrence samples were integrated in MaxEnt to produce seagrass habitat suitability map. The results showed that the Area Under Curve (AUC) values based on training and test data were 0.88 and 0.65, respectively. The northwest region of survey area indicated higher habitat suitability of seagrass, while the southeast region of survey area indicated lower suitability. Bathymetry mean found to be the most contributed variables among others. The spatial distribution of seagrass from modelling technique agreed with the previous studies and they are found to be distributed at depths ranging from 2.2 to 3.4 meters whilst less suitable with increasing of water depth. This study concludes that seagrass habitat suitability map with high-resolution pixel size (0.5 meter) can be produced at Merambong Shoal using acoustic data from multibeam echosounder coupled with MaxEnt and underwater video observations

Sistem Informasi Layanan Digital Puskesmas Berbasis Android

The very rapid development of information technology has proven to play an important role in the accelerated development of information both in the world of industry, government and the world of health, so that it can support the performance of increasing the efficiency, effectiveness and productivity of all elements of society, especially in the world of health, both public and private institutions. or individually or individually, which can encourage the realization of a developed and prosperous society. The health sector is one of the important sectors of development that has the potential to be integrated with the presence of technology. Public health center Bayur Lor. Cilamaya Kulon, Karawang Regency is one of the developing health service centers. The number of patients that continues to increase every day causes new problems in the process of seeking information about patients, the number of patients, the number of visits, total income, and data on existing drug supplies. Because based on the existing problems, the Public health center Bayur Lor. Cilamaya Kulon, Karawang Regency, needs to take advantage of information technology, which can overcome the problems faced, so that public health services can be improved for the realization of the vision and mission of the Public health center Bayur Lor. Cilamaya Kulon. Looking at some of the existing problems, researchers use the waterfall method in making an information system. Applications made in this study are based on android. To facilitate the mention of this application, namely Android-based LAGILEMAS (Public health center Digital Service). &nbsp

Hepatitis C Virus Affects Tuberculosis-Specific T Cells in HIV-Negative Patients

The occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in the same patient presents a unique clinical challenge. The impact of HCV infection on the immune response to TB remains poorly investigated in TB+/HCV+ patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of HCV on the T-cell-mediated immune response to TB in coinfected patients. Sixty-four patients with active TB infections were screened for coinfection with HCV. The expression of immune activation markers IFN-&gamma;, CD38, and HLA-DR on TB-specific CD4+ T cells was evaluated by flow cytometry in TB-monoinfected patients, TB/HCV-coinfected patients, and healthy controls. IL-2, IL-4, IFN-&gamma;, TNF-&alpha;, and IL-10 levels were measured using ELISA. The end-of-treatment response to anti-TB therapy was recorded for both patient groups. Significantly lower levels of CD4+IFN-&gamma;+CD38+ and CD4+IFN-&gamma;+HLA-DR+ T cells were detected in TB/HCV-coinfected patients compared to TB monoinfected patients and controls. TB+/HCV+-coinfected patients showed higher serum levels of IL-10. The baseline frequencies of TB-specific activated T-cell subsets did not predict the response to antituberculous therapy in TB+/HCV+ patients. We concluded that different subsets of TB-specific CD4+ T cells in TB/HCV-infected individuals are partially impaired in early-stage HCV infection. This was combined with increased serum IL-10 level. Such immune modulations may represent a powerful risk factor for disease progression in patients with HCV/TB coinfection