The Masquerades of a Childhood Ciliary Body Medulloepithelioma: A Case of Chronic Uveitis, Cataract, and Secondary Glaucoma

Ciliary body medulloepitheliomas in childhood often masquerade other intraocular conditions due to its insidious nature as well as its secondary effects on proximal intraocular tissues in the anterior chamber. We report a case where a ciliary body medulloepithelioma in a two-year-old boy presents with chronic uveitis, cataract, and an uncontrolled secondary glaucoma after an innocuous blunt ocular trauma. The diagnosis was only made after the occurrence of a ciliary body mass. We discuss the clinical features of ciliary body medulloepitheliomas, the implications of a delayed diagnosis and treatment as well as the concern of periorbital tumor seeding with the use of an aqueous shunt implant in this case

Identity salience, change and stability in Amman

This study investigates identity salience of four types of identities; national, religious, cultural and global, for Ammani people in view of the post-structuralist perspective on identity (Baxter 2016). It also examines the extent to which age, gender and the social context affect identity change and stability in light of Communication Accommodation Theory (Giles et al. 2012). The analysis of the data reveals that the most salient identity for the participants is the religious identity for both genders and all age groups, except in certain circumstances namely traveling, where national identity was shown to be the most salient. Gender and age play an important role in the extent to which each group attaches itself to each type of identity and the way they view these attachments. The results suggest that Amman could be witnessing a change in its identity construction and the way its people express their identity

Impact of optical coherence tomography on diagnostic decision-making by UK community optometrists: a clinical vignette study.

PURPOSE: In recent years, there has been widespread investment in imaging technologies by community optometrists in the UK, most notably optical coherence tomography (OCT). The aim of the current study was to determine the value of OCT in the diagnosis of posterior segment diseases in a representative sample of community optometrists using a clinical vignette methodology. METHODS: A group of community optometrists (n = 50) initially completed a standardised training package on OCT interpretation followed by a computer-based assessment featuring 52 clinical vignettes, containing images of healthy (n = 8) or glaucomatous (n = 18) discs or healthy (n = 8) or diseased (n = 18) fundi. Each vignette featured either a single fundus/disc photographic image, or a combination of a fundus/disc image with the corresponding OCT scan. An expert panel confirmed that the fundus images presented alone and those in combination with OCT data were of a similar level of difficulty and that the cases were typical of those seen in primary care. For each case, the optometrist selected their diagnosis from a pull-down list and reported their confidence in their decision using a 10-point Likert scale. Pairwise comparisons of the fundus image alone and fundus image/OCT combination were made for both diagnostic performance and confidence. RESULTS: The mean percentage of correct diagnoses using fundus imaging alone was 62% (95% CI 59-64%) and for the combination of fundus image/OCT was 80% (95% CI 77-82%). The mean false negative rate with fundus alone was 27% reducing to 13% with the OCT combination. Median confidence scores for fundus imaging alone was 8.0 (IQR 7.0-8.0) and 8.3 (IQR 8.0-9.0) for the combination. Improvements in performance and confidence were statistically significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results from this vignette study suggests that OCT improves optometrists' diagnostic performance compared to fundus observation alone. These initial results suggest that OCT provides valuable additional data that could augment case-finding for glaucoma and retinal disease; however, further research is needed to assess its diagnostic performance in a routine clinical practice setting

Leukocyte recruitment in contact sensitivity

Bibliography: p. 105-120Some pages are in colour.Contact sensitivity is an inflammatory disorder characterized by leukocyte recruitment. We used intravital microscopy to directly visualize leukocyte rolling and adhesion. By blocking specific adhesion molecules, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms mediating early leukocyte recruitment to be E- and P-selectin and then demonstrated that leukocyte recruitment in the late phase had a different adhesive profile (mainly a4- integrin). Complete blockade of E- and P-selectin within the first 2 hours of leukocyte­endothelial cell interactions eliminated selectin-independent leukocyte recruitment at 24 hours. Specific elimination of CD4, lymphocytes in the early phase eliminated the late response. Addition of these same CD4+ lymphocytes two hours after antigen challenge was too late for these cells to home to the skin. We further established that mast cells act to modulate the T-lymphocyte response in CS. In the absence of mast cells, T1-1l cells preferentially adhere to vascular endothelium, whereas T112 cells preferentially adhere in wild-type mice

TRANSBORDER DEVELOPMENT IN THE FRAMEWORK OF M2000 : THE BATAMINDO EXPERIENCE

Bachelor'sBACHELOR OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (HONOURS

Preparation and Enhanced Catalytic Hydrogenation Activity of Sb/Palygorskite (PAL) Nanoparticles

Abstract A Sb/palygorskite (PAL) composite was synthesized by a facile solvothermal process and applied in catalytic hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol for the first time. It was found that the Sb nanoparticles with the sizes of 2–5 nm were well dispersed on the fiber of PAL, while partial aggregated Sb nanoparticles with sizes smaller than 200 nm were also loaded on the PAL. The Sb/PAL composite with 9.7% Sb mass amounts showed outstanding catalytic performance by raising the p-nitrophenol conversion rate to 88.3% within 5 min, which was attributed to the synergistical effect of Sb and PAL nanoparticles facilitating the adsorption and catalytic hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol

Détection, par télédétection satellitaire et S.I.G, d'érosion hydrique ravinante des sols, dans la partie basse de la Commune de Nsele, à l'Est de Kinshasa en République Démocratique du Congo

The present study is concerned with the gullying hydric erosion and focussed in the low part in the Commune of Nsele, an entity of 1017,61 Km2 of area, situated in the eastern part of Kinshasa between 15°19’30’’ and 15°42’0’’ Eart as well as 4°10’0’’ and 4°40’0’’ south. This entity or space concerned with the study is a 233,38 Km2 belt not yet explored in this definite geomorphological domain applicable to the regional development. The problematic is being to prove the existence of the gullying hydric erosion in the studied space, the used methodology is a matter for the prospective approach to which have been associated statistical analysis. This explorer procedure has been made easier by the use of the satellite teledetection and of the S.I.G. Thus, the detection results are expressed in maps forms: the hydrographic lineaments maps, the lineament map of major anthropic origin (LIAMA); the map of indicators other than the lineaments and the map of the detected gullies. On the groused, twenty-nine (29) gullies of variable dimensions and different presenting a specific and characteristic drawing in U. the solicited gullies have developed in the nondivided into plats areas in habited and chiefly localize along nude trunk roads, sloping, following the slope line (here of 1%), perpendicularly to the water flow direction draining the sloping basins. In the studied setting, the anti-erosive fight actions are still timid and rudimentary. They require, these actions, rational structuring and sector based planning space.L'étude porte sur l'érosion hydrique ravinante et se focalise dans la partie basse de la Commune de N'sele, entité de 1017,61 Km 2 de superficie, située à l'Est de la ville de Kinshasa entre 15° 19' 30'' et 15° 42' 0'' Est ainsi que 4° 10' 0'' et 4° 40' 0'' Sud. L'espace concerné par l'étude dans cette entité est une bande de 233,38 Km 2 non encore explorée dans ce domaine précis de la géomorphologie appliquée à l'aménagement de Territoire. La problématique étant de prouver l'existence ou non de l'érosion hydrique ravinante dans l'espace étudié, la méthodologie employée relève de l'approche prospective à laquelle ont été associées les analyses statistiques. Cette démarche exploratrice a été facilitée par l'utilisation de la télédétection satellitaire et du S.I.G. Les résultats de la détection sont ainsi traduits sous forme des cartes : la carte des linéaments hydrographiques ; la carte des linéaments d'origine anthropique majeurs (LIAMA) ; la carte des indicateurs autres que les linéaments et la carte des ravins détectés. Sur le terrain, il est inventorié vingt-neuf (29) ravins des dimensions variables différentes présentant un dessin spécifique et caractéristique en U. Les ravins ainsi répertoriés se sont développés dans des quartiers non lotis mais habités et se focalisent principalement le long des axes nus de circulation, inclinés, suivant la ligne de la pente (ici de 1%), perpendiculairement au sens d'écoulement des eaux drainant les bassins versants. Dans le site étudié, les actions de lutte antiérosive y sont encore timides et rudimentaires. Elles exigent les actions, la structuration rationnelle et l'aménagement sectoriel de l'espace