EXPLAINING THE INFLUENCE OF WORKAROUNDS ON EFFECTIVE USE – THE CASE OF A SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The stage of post-adoption of an enterprise system (ES) implementation has been in the focus of recent information systems research. However, a thorough understanding of how users effectively use an enterprise system to complete their tasks is still missing. Prior research has implied that adaptive use is of great importance to facilitate effective use of a system. We investigate adaptive use solutions, which are outside the original system. This behavior is known as workaround. We conduct an interpretive case study to investigate the impact of workarounds and explain why workarounds can lead to an advance in effective use of a standard ES. We expand the theory of effective use with an explanation why workarounds can improve transparent interaction, representation fidelity and informed action via alleviating users’ issues with the surface structure and the faithfulness in representations of an implemented standard ES

The Effect of Learning on the Effective Use of Enterprise Systems

Enterprise systems must be used effectively to maximize their benefits. Given their complexity and integration of standard business processes, they pose significant challenges for employees’ learning. Users need to learn how to access a system and its data and how to leverage the information it provides to perform their daily tasks effectively. Based on a literature review, we identify three context-oriented forms of learning, which affect a user’s level of effective use: learning via instruction, self-learning, and learning via social interaction. We aim to conduct a longitudinal case study to explore learning during an implementation project and develop a research model to measure the effect of learning on individuals’ effective use of an enterprise system. The extension of the nomological network of the concept of effective use by an integration of the effect of different forms of learning will be the main contribution of our research

Enterprise System Renewal - The Divergence Between Perception and Reality

E-commerce based companies rely on the effective use of the information systems used to support their processes. Accordingly, managers place a great emphasis on the success of projects to introduce such systems. However, research increasingly suggests that project success may not be as objective as one would assume or hope. Quite contrary, as our work will show, project success is often constructed by the stakeholders involved in the project. Extending prior research, we investigate how different groups of stakeholders construct their own perception of project success and how these different perceptions influence each other. Through our work, we provide management with insights into threats to a reliable project management approach for critical IS projects and identify a few major drivers that need to be accounted for to make sure that such critical projects really are successful

Launch and Landing Infrastructure on the Moon

To explore the solar system effectively, we need to develop outposts on the Moon, Mars, and other surfaces so that we can make use of their in situ resources, stage equipment for further exploration, and perform more in-depth scientific investigations in those chosen locales. This strategy will differ from our previous sortie missions to the Moon in that it will require engineers to develop infrastructure on planetary surfaces and thus export features of human civilization into space. One example of the need for engineering is the development of launch and landing pads on the Moon. Without these pads, the high velocity rocket exhaust would eject regolith as an intense sandblasting spray onto the outpost and surrounding hardware, ruining coated surfaces, jamming mechanisms, pitting windows and optics, and possibly causing damage through gravel and rock impacts. Our analysis indicates that landing pads should consist of a stabilized surface, blast barriers (such as berms or fences), navigation beacons, lighting, video cameras (to monitor spacecraft health and debris transport), roads to move spacecraft off the pads, and infrastructure to access the spacecraft (for servicing, safing, and loading/unloading). This paper describes the methods and technologies necessary for lunar landing pad construction and describes our progress in developing them

Potential Polygamous Breeding Behavior in Northern Bobwhite

Breeding behavior ofradio-tagged northern bobwhite (Colinus uirginianus) was observed at Fort Bragg Military Reservation (n = 19), North Carolina, in 1985-88, and Tall Timbers Research Station (n = 27), Florida, during 1984-86. We observed apparent polygamous breeding behavior in 95% (18 of 19) of the radio-tagged northern bobwhite at Fort Bragg, and 93% (25 of 27) of the birds at Tall Timbers. We documented 5 cases of double-clutching by radio-tagged females. Twenty-seven percent of Fort Bragg clutches (n = 30), and 20% of Tall Timbers clutches (n = 56) were incubated by radio-tagged males. Northern bobwhite exhibited characteristics of both rapid multiclutch and am bisexual polygamous mating systems. Northern bobwhite are capable of uniparental care, have long breeding seasons, live in an environment with fluctuating resources, suffer high predation pressure during the nesting season, and raise precocial young; all traits that are similar to other bird species which have evolved polygamous mating systems

Observation of enhanced chiral asymmetries in the inner-shell photoionization of uniaxially oriented methyloxirane enantiomers

Most large molecules are chiral in their structure: they exist as two enantiomers, which are mirror images of each other. Whereas the rovibronic sublevels of two enantiomers are almost identical, it turns out that the photoelectric effect is sensitive to the absolute configuration of the ionized enantiomer - an effect termed Photoelectron Circular Dichroism (PECD). Our comprehensive study demonstrates that the origin of PECD can be found in the molecular frame electron emission pattern connecting PECD to other fundamental photophysical effects as the circular dichroism in angular distributions (CDAD). Accordingly, orienting a chiral molecule in space enhances the PECD by a factor of about 10

MicroRNA-regulated, systemically delivered rAAV9: a step closer to CNS-restricted transgene expression

Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) that can cross the blood-brain-barrier and achieve efficient and stable transvascular gene transfer to the central nervous system (CNS) hold significant promise for treating CNS disorders. However, following intravascular delivery, these vectors also target liver, heart, skeletal muscle, and other tissues, which may cause untoward effects. To circumvent this, we used tissue-specific, endogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) to repress rAAV expression outside the CNS, by engineering perfectly complementary miRNA-binding sites into the rAAV9 genome. This approach allowed simultaneous multi-tissue regulation and CNS-directed stable transgene expression without detectably perturbing the endogenous miRNA pathway. Regulation of rAAV expression by miRNA was primarily via site-specific cleavage of the transgene mRNA, generating specific 5\u27 and 3\u27 mRNA fragments. Our findings promise to facilitate the development of miRNA-regulated rAAV for CNS-targeted gene delivery and other applications

Retrospective Dataset and Survey Analyses Identify Gaps in Data Collection for Craniopharyngioma and Priorities of Patients and Families Affected by the Disease

Introduction: Craniopharyngioma is a rare, low-grade tumor located in the suprasellar region of the brain, near critical structures like the pituitary gland. Here, we concurrently investigate the status of clinical and genomic data in a retrospective craniopharyngioma cohort and survey-based data to better understand patient-relevant outcomes associated with existing therapies and provide a foundation to inform new treatment strategies. Methods: Clinical, genomic, and outcome data for a retrospective cohort of patients with craniopharyngioma were collected and reviewed through the Children\u27s Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) database. An anonymous survey was distributed to patients and families with a diagnosis of craniopharyngioma to understand their experiences throughout diagnosis and treatment. Results: The CBTN repository revealed a large proportion of patients (40 - 70%) with specimens that are available for sequencing but lacked relevant quality of life (QoL) and functional outcomes. Frequencies of reported patient comorbidities ranged from 20 to 25%, which is significantly lower than historically reported. Survey results from 159 patients/families identified differences in treatment considerations at time of diagnosis versus time of recurrence. In retrospective review, patients and families identified preference for therapy that would improve QoL, rather than decrease risk of recurrence (mean 3.9 vs. 4.4 of 5) and identified endocrine issues as having the greatest impact on patients\u27 lives. Conclusions: This work highlights the importance of prospective collection of QoL and functional metrics alongside robust clinical and molecular correlates in individuals with craniopharyngioma. Such comprehensive measures will facilitate biologically relevant therapeutic strategies that also prioritize patient needs

Skunk River Review January 1992, vol 3

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