Comparing Self-disclosures and Disclosures of Co-Owned Private Relationship Information (COPRI) in the Workplace: Comfort, Frequencies, and Motivations for Disclosing

Individuals self-disclose (SD) private information to increase intimacy, build trust, and to give or receive social support. When private information is self-disclosed and shared between two people, it is co-owned. For individuals in romantic relationships their private information and co-owned private relationship information (COPRI) is shared in displaced contexts. One context in which such disclosures can be studied is the workplace, where differences in these two types of disclosures can be compared. A sample of 308 individuals was surveyed to compare differences between SDs and disclosures of COPRI in relation to comfort disclosing, disclosure frequency, motivations for disclosing. Additionally, comparisons between the SD and disclosure of COPRI topics were compared as they associated with work satisfaction. Findings suggest that individuals consider a greater number of private information categories when self-disclosing than when disclosing COPRI. Motivations for making SDs and disclosures of COPRI were similar overall but deviated slightly by topic. Overall, private topics relating to positive aspects of work and the disclosures of personal views and opinions were associated greater with work satisfaction. Future research could explore additional contexts to compare SDs and disclosures of COPRI

IgM and IgD B cell receptors differentially respond to endogenous antigens and control B cell fate.

Naive B cells co-express two BCR isotypes, IgM and IgD, with identical antigen-binding domains but distinct constant regions. IgM but not IgD is downregulated on autoreactive B cells. Because these isotypes are presumed to be redundant, it is unknown how this could impose tolerance. We introduced the Nur77-eGFP reporter of BCR signaling into mice that express each BCR isotype alone. Despite signaling strongly in vitro, IgD is less sensitive than IgM to endogenous antigen in vivo and developmental fate decisions are skewed accordingly. IgD-only Lyn-/- B cells cannot generate autoantibodies and short-lived plasma cells (SLPCs) in vivo, a fate thought to be driven by intense BCR signaling induced by endogenous antigens. Similarly, IgD-only B cells generate normal germinal center, but impaired IgG1+ SLPC responses to T-dependent immunization. We propose a role for IgD in maintaining the quiescence of autoreactive B cells and restricting their differentiation into autoantibody secreting cells

The effect of brumation on memory retention

Long-term torpor is an adaptive strategy that allows animals to survive harsh winter conditions. However, the impact that prolonged torpor has on cognitive function is poorly understood. Hibernation causes reduced synaptic activity and experiments with mammals reveal that this can have adverse effects on memories formed prior to hibernation. The impact of brumation, the winter dormancy that is observed in ectotherms, on memory remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine whether an amphibian, the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra), was able to retain learned spatial information after a period of brumation. Twelve fire salamanders were trained to make a simple spatial discrimination using a T-maze. All subjects learned the initial task. Upon reaching criterion, half of the subjects were placed into brumation for 100 days while the other half served as controls and were maintained under normal conditions. A post-brumation memory retention test revealed that animals from both conditions retained the learned response. Control tests showed that they solved the task using learned information and not olfactory cues. This finding contrasts with much of the mammalian research and suggests that the processes involved in prolonged torpor may have a fundamentally different impact on memory in mammals and amphibians

HCHs in solid matter from the River Elbe, its tributaries and the North Sea

The River Elbe (Czech: Labe ) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It originates in the Krkonoše Mountains of northwestern Czech Republic before traversing Bohemia (Czech Republic), then Germany and flowing into the North Sea at Cuxhaven, 110 km northwest of Hamburg. Its total length is 1,094 km. The Elbe’s major tributaries are the Vltava (German: Moldau), Saale, Havel, Mulde, SchwarzeElster, and Ohre rivers. The Elbe River basin, comprising the Elbe and its tributaries, has a catchment area of 148,268 km2, the fourth largest in Europe. The basin spans four countries, with its largest parts in Germany (65.5%) and the Czech Republic (33.7%). Much smaller parts lie in Austria (0.6%) and Poland (0.2%). The basin is inhabited by 24.5 million people (1). Organochlorine pesticides are man-made organics chemicals. Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) have been extensively used and are therefore found widely distributed in the environment. HCHs are listed under the Stockholm Convention on POPs (persistent organic compound) and are included into the priority list of Water Frame Directive. Here we show the results of HCHs in solids matter of 35 different sites along the River Elbe, selected tributaries, and the North SeaJRC.H.1-Water Resource

Single-hole tunneling through a two-dimensional hole gas in intrinsic silicon

In this letter we report single-hole tunneling through a quantum dot in a two-dimensional hole gas, situated in a narrow-channel field-effect transistor in intrinsic silicon. Two layers of aluminum gate electrodes are defined on Si/SiO$_2$ using electron-beam lithography. Fabrication and subsequent electrical characterization of different devices yield reproducible results, such as typical MOSFET turn-on and pinch-off characteristics. Additionally, linear transport measurements at 4 K result in regularly spaced Coulomb oscillations, corresponding to single-hole tunneling through individual Coulomb islands. These Coulomb peaks are visible over a broad range in gate voltage, indicating very stable device operation. Energy spectroscopy measurements show closed Coulomb diamonds with single-hole charging energies of 5--10 meV, and lines of increased conductance as a result of resonant tunneling through additional available hole states.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. This article has been submitted to Applied Physics Letter

Origin of Enantioselection in Chiral Alcohol Oxidation Catalyzed by Pd[(-)-sparteine]Cl2

A kinetic investigation into the origin of enantioselectivity for the Pd[(-)-sparteine]Cl2-catalyzed aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution (OKR) is reported. A mechanism to account for a newly discovered chloride dissociation from Pd[(-)-sparteine]Cl2 prior to alcohol binding is proposed. The mechanism includes (1) chloride dissociation from Pd[(-)-sparteine]Cl2 to form cationic Pd(-)-sparteine]Cl, (2) alcohol binding, (3) deprotonation of Pd-bound alcohol to form a Pd-alkoxide, and (4) â-hydride elimination of Pd-alkoxide to form ketone product and a Pd-hydride. Utilizing the addition of (-)-sparteine HCl to control the [Cl-] and [H+] and the resulting derived rate law, the key microscopic kinetic and thermodynamic constants were extracted for each enantiomer of sec-phenethyl alcohol. These constants allow for the successful simulation of the oxidation rate in the presence of exogenous (-)-sparteine HCl. A rate law for oxidation of the racemic alcohol was derived that allows for the successful prediction of the experimentally measured krel values when using the extracted constants. Besides a factor of 10 difference between the relative rates of â-hydride elimination for the enantiomers, the main enhancement in enantiodetermination results from a concentration effect of (-)-sparteine HCl and the relative rates of reprotonation of the diastereomeric Pd-alkoxides

Random Copolymers Outperform Gradient and Block Copolymers in Stabilizing Organic Photovoltaics

Recent advances have led to conjugated polymer‐based photovoltaic devices with efficiencies rivaling amorphous silicon. Nevertheless, these devices become less efficient over time due to changes in active layer morphology, thereby hindering their commercialization. Copolymer additives are a promising approach toward stabilizing blend morphologies; however, little is known about the impact of copolymer sequence, composition, and concentration. Herein, the impact of these parameters is determined by synthesizing random, block, and gradient copolymers with a poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) backbone and side‐chain fullerenes (phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM)). These copolymers are evaluated as compatibilizers in photovoltaic devices with P3HT:PC61BM as the active layer. The random copolymer with 20 mol% fullerene side chains and at 8 wt% concentration in the blend gives the most stable morphologies. Devices containing the random copolymer also exhibit higher and more stable power conversion efficiencies than the control device. Combined, these studies point to the random copolymer as a promising new scaffold for stabilizing bulk heterojunction photovoltaics.Photovoltaic devices made from conjugated polymers now exhibit efficiencies rivaling amorphous silicon; however, the poor longevity of these devices continues to stymie their commercial impact. Copolymer additives represent a promising solution, yet little is known about how the copolymer sequence, composition, and concentration influence their compatibilizing abilities. Herein, random copolymer additives lead to higher efficiency and longer‐lasting photovoltaic devices.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150505/1/adfm201900467.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150505/2/adfm201900467_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150505/3/adfm201900467-sup-0001-S1.pd

www.fevertravel.ch: an online study prototype to evaluate the safety and feasibility of computerized guidelines for fever in returning travellers and migrants

Following the paper publication of practice guidelines for the management of febrile patients returning from the tropics, we constructed a consultation website that comprises a decision chart and specific diagnostic features providing medical diagnostic assistance to primary care physicians. We then integrated a research component to evaluate the implementation of these computerized guidelines. This study website has the same interface as the consultation website. In addition, one is able to record: (i) the pathway followed by the physician through the decision chart, (ii) the diagnostic tests performed, (iii) the initial and final diagnoses as well as outcome and (iv) reasons for non-adherence when the physician diverges from the proposed attitude. We believe that Internet technology is a powerful medium to reach physicians of different horizons in their own environment, and could prove to be an effective research tool to disseminate practice guidelines and evaluate their appropriateness. Here we describe the design, content, architecture and system implementation of this interactive study prototype aimed at integrating operational research in primary care practice. [Authors]]]> Emigration and Immigration; Fever; Guidelines as Topic; Internet; Travel eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_4BBC99034368 2022-05-07T01:17:24Z ehelvetica openaire documents phdthesis urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_4BBC99034368 Usage conditionnel et inconditionnel des droits humains dans la vie quotidienne Anex, Emmanuelle Université de Lausanne, Faculté des sciences sociales et politiques info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis phdthesis 2018 fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_4BBC99034368.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_4BBC990343683 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_4BBC990343683 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_4BA5F44A285D 2022-05-07T01:17:24Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_4BA5F44A285D A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of citalopram with and without lithium in the treatment of therapy-resistant depressive patients: a clinical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacogenetic investigation Baumann, Pierre Nil, Rico Souche, Alain Montaldi, Stefano Baettig, Dominique Lambert, Susanne Uehlinger, Claude Kasas, Anton Amey, Marlyse Jonzier-Perey, Michèle info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 1996 Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol. 16, pp. 307-314 one$; TBOK eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_4BA60F08CDFC 2022-05-07T01:17:24Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_4BA60F08CDFC Busulfan Pharmacokinetics in Adenosine Deaminase-Deficient Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Gene Therapy. info:doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.07.004 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.07.004 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/32653625 Bradford, K.L. Liu, S. Krajinovic, M. Ansari, M. Garabedian, E. Tse, J. Wang, X. Shaw, K.L. Gaspar, H.B. Candotti, F. Kohn, D.B. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2020-10 Biology of blood and marrow transplantation, vol. 26, no. 10, pp. 1819-1827 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1523-6536 urn:issn:1083-8791 <![CDATA[The pharmacokinetics of low-dose busulfan (BU) were investigated as a nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen for autologous gene therapy (GT) in pediatric subjects with adenosine deaminase-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency disease (ADA SCID). In 3 successive clinical trials, which included either γ-retroviral (γ-RV) or lentiviral (LV) vectors, subjects were conditioned with BU using different dosing nomograms. The first cohort received BU doses based on body surface area (BSA), the second cohort received doses based on actual body weight (ABW), and in the third cohort, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) was used to target a specific area under the concentration-time curve (AUC). Neither BSA-based nor ABW-based dosing achieved a consistent cumulative BU AUC; in contrast, TDM-based dosing led to more consistent AUC. BU clearance increased as subject age increased from birth to 18 months. However, weight and age alone were insufficient to accurately predict the dose that would consistently achieve a target AUC. Furthermore, various clinical, laboratory, and genetic factors (eg, genotypes for glutathione-S-transferase isozymes known to participate in BU metabolism) were analyzed, but no single finding predicted subjects with rapid versus slow clearance. Analysis of BU AUC and the postengraftment vector copy number (VCN) in granulocytes, a surrogate marker of the level of engrafted gene-modified hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), demonstrated gene marking at levels sufficient for therapeutic benefit in the subjects who had achieved the target BU AUC. Although many factors determine the ultimate engraftment following GT, this work demonstrates that the BU AUC correlated with the eventual level of engrafted gene-modified HSPCs within a vector group (γ-RV versus LV), with significantly higher levels of granulocyte VCN in the recipients of LV-modified grafts compared to recipients of γ-RV-transduced grafts. Taken together, these findings provide insight into low-dose BU pharmacokinetics in the unique setting of autologous GT for ADA SCID, and these dosing principles may be applied to future GT trials using low-dose BU to open the bone marrow niche