Tantangan Studi Hukum Islam di Indonesia Dewasa Ini

This article offers a method of identifying and examining the challenges facing Islamic law studies in Indonesia today in two steps. Firstly, it argues that the study of Islamic law is more than just the study of fiqh and usul al-fiqh; it includes three broad areas of philosophy, normative studies, and empirical studies, all of which have to be studied congruently and imbalances on any part of which will constitute the challenge itself. Secondly, by classifying and examining the topics of doctoral dissertation submitted to the UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta in terms of those three areas of studies of Islamic law, it was found that in the last 30 years (1982-2011) out of some 836 dissertations that had been submitted to the university the highest proportion of which was on Islamic law (34, 7 %) and mostly on normative conventional Islamic laws. Very little of those studies were devoted to empirical and philosophical studies of Islamic law, probably because of the lack of familiarity with various fields of social sciences and humanities as the auxiliary sciences to the study of law. This is the challenge that has to be remedied in the future

The Use of Legal Maxims in the Fatwas of Indonesian Ulama Council

The increasing, often controversial, roles of the Indonesian Ulama Council or Majlis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) in society have attracted scholars to study the institution, including its fatwas and their arguments. This study examines how legal maxims (qawa'd fiqhiyyah) had been used to construct the arguments of MUI's fatwas. This study also identifies the legal maxims used, observes their frequencies, and determines the patterns of their application. Legal maxims are important since they show principles and logic to discover legal norms. Some 118 fatwas on ritual, Shariaheconomic, and socio-cultural issues are examined. This study found that 25 legal maxims had been used by the MUI's fatwas, with five being most frequently referred to. On average, each fatwa referred to 1.23 legal maxims. Fatwas on economic issues used most legal maxims with an average of 2.14, while those on socio-cultural and ritual issues used only 0.66 and 0.47 legal maxims on average, respectively. Fatwas on economic issues seemed to be the most dynamic ones

Revitalisasi Maqasid Al-Shari\u27ah dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia (Studi Kasus Atas Fatwa-fatwa DSN-MUI Tahun 2000-2006)

The author examines the concept of Maqasid al-Shari\u27ah that was used or revitalized as arguments for 53 legal opinions (fatwas) of Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN) of the Indonesian Ulama Councils (MUI) issued during 2000-2006. Because the purpose of the Maqasid al-Shari\u27ah is for public interests (maslaha), the examination of the Maqasid al-Shari\u27ah was conducted by observing the application of fiqh principles in DSN-MUI fatwas, particularly those that related to maslaha. The study found that 50 of 53 fatwas of DSN-MUI included the fiqh principles in all judgments, despite of being equipped by basic Islamic reasoning principles such as Al-Quran, Hadis, Ijma\u27 and Qiyas. There are 11 possible fiqh principles for use in all fatwas, the minimum is one principle and the maximum is five principles. Overall, the fiqh principles were used 134 times. This means that the average use of the fiqh principles is 2.5 in every fatwa. The most used fiqh principle was the axiom stating that the basic legal principle for muamala is permissible as long as no proposition/law forbids it. The general principle is often used without other specific supporting principles. It should be noted that the DSN-MUI legal opinions tend to be permissive or liberal and less accurate (wijhat al-nazar), despite their validity

Hubungan antara kecerdasan Emosional dan Intelektual dengan prestasi belajar siswa SMP Islam Jabung Malang

ABSTRAK Selama ini banyak orang yang berpendapat bahwa untuk meraih prestasi belajar yang tinggi diperlukan Kecerdasan Intelektual (IQ) yang juga tinggi. Namun, menurut hasil penelitian terbaru dibidang psikologi membuktikan bahwa IQ bukanlah satu- satunya faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi belajar seseorang, tetapi ada banyak faktor lain yang mempengaruhi salah satunya adalah kecerdasan emosional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Islam Jabung Malang dengan tujuan mengetahui tingkat kecerdasan emosional, tingkat kecerdasan intelektual, tingkat prestasi nelajar siswa dan hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dan intelektual dengan prestasi belajar siswa. Metode pengumpulan datanya menggunakan metode angket, wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Populasi yang digunakan adalah seluruh siswa SMP Islam Jabung Malang. Sampel peniltian ini adalah siswa kelas IX berjumlah 72 orang. Perhitungan validitas dan reabilitas dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment dari Pearson. Hasil analisis butir untuk 70 item angket kecerdasan emosional terdapat 64 butir item yang valid dan 6 butir item yang gugur. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan reliabilitas diketahui bahwa variabel bebas kecerdasan emosional memiliki nilai korelasi Alpha sebesar 0.965, r tabel sebesar 0.235 dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% diperoleh nilai korelasi Alpha > r tabel, maka skala kecerdasan emosinal yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dapat dipercaya (reliabel). Berdasarkan hasil analisa penelitian diketahui bahwasanya dari 72 responden didapatkan 11 siswa (15,28 %) berada pada tingkat kecerdasan emosional yang tinggi, 49 siswa (68,05 %) berada pada kategori sedang dan 12 siswa (16,67 %) memiliki kecerdasan emosional yang cukup rendah. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari sekolah dari 72 responden didapatkan 16 siswa berada pada tingkat IQ yang Superior, 30 siswa berada pada kategori cerdas, 21 siswa memiliki IQ yang tergolong high average dan 5 siswa memiliki IQ yang Average. Sedangkan, tingkat prestasi belajar siswa diketahui bahwa dari 72 responden didapatkan 20 siswa (27,77 %) berada pada tingkat prestasi belajar yang tinggi, 41 siswa (56,95 %) berada pada kategori sedang dan 11 siswa (15,28 %) memiliki prestasi belajar yang cukup rendah. Hasil korelasi kecerdasan emosional dengan prestasi belajar diperoleh rhit 0.906, rtabel 0.000 dan nilai N adalah 72. Korelasi antara kecerdasan intelektual dengan prestasi belajar diperoleh rhit 0.680, rtabel 0.000 dan nilai N adalah 72. Dengan demikian, berarti hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini diterima karena terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara tingkat kecerdasan emosional dan intelektual (IQ) dengan prestasi belajar pada siswa SMP Islam Jabung Malang. ABSTRACT There are many people who argue that to achieve a high learning achievement required Intellectual Intelligence (IQ) which is also high. However, according to the latest research in the field of psychology to prove that IQ is not the only factor affecting one's learning achievement, but there are many other factors that affect one of them is emotional intelligence. This research was conducted in Malang Jabung Islamic school in order to know the level of emotional intelligence, intelligence level, nelajar achievement levels of students and the relationship between emotional and intellectual intelligence to students' learning achievement. Data collection methods using questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentation. Population used is the entire Islamic junior high school students Jabung Malang. This is a sample peniltian IX class students numbered 72 people. The calculation of the validity and reliability in this study using correlation techniques of Pearson product moment. The results of the analysis points to 70 emotional intelligence questionnaire items have 64 items with a valid point and 6 point items that fall. Based on calculations of reliability is known that the independent variable of emotional intelligence has a correlation value for the Alpha 0965, r registration table 0235 with 95% confidence level obtained correlation values alpha> r table, then emosinal intelligence scale used in this study trustworthy (reliable). Based on the results of the research analysis is known that the 72 respondents obtained from 11 students (15.28%) are at the level of high emotional intelligence, 49 students (68.05%) are in the category of medium and 12 students (16.67%) have higher emotional intelligence low enough. Based on data obtained from the school obtained from 72 respondents were 16 students at the Superior IQ level, 30 students were on the smart media, has an IQ of 21 students classified as high average and 5 students have Average IQs. Meanwhile, learning achievement levels of students in mind that 72 respondents obtained from 20 students (27.77%) are at the level of high school performance, 41 students (56.95%) are in the category of medium and 11 students (15.28%) have learning achievement is low enough. The results of the correlation of emotional intelligence learning achievements obtained by rhit 0906, rtabel 0000 and the value of N is 72. The correlation between intelligence with learning achievements obtained rhit 0680, rtabel 0000 and the value of N is 72. Thus, the hypothesis is proposed in this study received because there is a significant positive relationship between level of emotional and intellectual intelligence (IQ) and achievement in junior high school students studying Islam Malang Jabung

Instrumen Internasional dan Peraturan Perundangan Indonesia tentang Kebebasan dan Perlindungan Beragama

This article assures that the Indonesian government has committed to uphold human rights issue after the official ratification of several national and international conventions on human rights. As well, several decrees and constitutions have been implemented. Following this, the Indonesian commitment, therefore, as argued by this article has been on the rigth track in its effort for upholding the human rights convention particularly on religion. In doing this, the Indonesian government has founded the national commission on human rights which is in charge of monitoring the implementation of human rights in Indonesia

SYNERGY OR CONFLICT OF LAWS? (COMPARISON BETWEEN THE COMPILATION OF RULES ON SHARI’AH ECONOMY (KHES) AND THE NATIONAL SHARI’AH BOARD’S (DSN) FATWAS)

Abstrak: Sinergi atau Konflik Hukum? (Perbandingan Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (KHES) dengan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN). Artikel ini membandingkan Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (KHES) yang dibuat oleh Mahkamah Agung Indonesia pada tahun 2008 dengan fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN) Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). Perbandingan dilakukan dalam beberapa ketentuan terutama yang menyangkut Murâbahah, Mudârabah, Ijârah, Ta’mîn, Kafâlah, Hawâlah, dan Rahn. Hal ini dilakukan karena beberapa pihak merasa khawatir jika kompilasi itu bertentangan dengan fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat konflik antara kedua regulasi di atas. Bahkan sebaliknya, mereka saling melengkapi. Perbedaan antara kedua regulasi hanya terjadi dalam tataran konseptual mengenai bentuk Murâbahah, pembatasan Murâbahah, Mushtarakah, dan definisi asuransi Syariah.   Abstract: Synergy or Conflict of Laws ? (Comparison Between the Compilation of Rules on Shari’ah Economy (KHES) and the National Shari’ah Board’s (DSN) Fatwas). This article compares the Compilation of Rules on Islamic Economics (KHES) produced by the Indonesian Supreme Court in 2008 to the fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council (DSN) of the Council of Indonesian Ulama (MUI). The comparison is made in some provisions relating to Murâbaha (a particular kind of sale), Mudhârabah (partnership in a commercial enterprise), Ijârah (rent/lease/hire contract), Ta’mîn (insurance), Kafâlah (conjoining in debt guarantee), Hawâlah (transfer of debt), and Rahn (pawning/mortgage). This is done to verify whether or not the Compilation was contrary to the fatwas of Indonesian Ulama Council. The findings shows that there is no contradiction between the two regulations. The difference occurs only in the kinds of Murâbahah, Murâbahah, and Mushtarakah, as well as the definition of Ta’mîn