Alternative methods of solving problems in vocational education

Современный рынок труда предлагает огромный выбор специалистов в разных отраслях, но не все специалисты соответствуют требованиям времени, работодателей и государства.The modern labor market offers a huge range of specialists in different fields, but not all experts meet time requirements, employers and the state

Ways to Protect People in Emergency Situations

В данной статье рассмотрены актуальные проблемы увеличения роста чрезвычайных происшествий, проанализированы методы и способы защиты людей от опасных катастроф, которые имеют большое влияние на здоровье.This article discusses the current problems of increasing the growth of emergencies, analyzes methods and methods of protecting people from dangerous disasters that have a great impact on health

Analysis gps and doris geocenter oscillation measurements using software package asdrm

© SGEM 2018. The aim of this study is to determine the geocenter dynamics described by dynamic adaptive regression and the general laws of DORIS and GPS navigation systems. A spatial geocenter dynamics can be represented as coordinate and time series. Mathematical description of the time series allows for determination of systematic change in the geocenter dynamics. To improve the accuracy of modeling and forecasting of the geocenter dynamics and to identify the regular effects, the dynamic regression modeling approach is used. On the basis of this, an “Automatized system of the dynamic regression modeling” (ASDRM) and its modifications: ASDRM-G (for geophysical data processing) and ASDRM-T (for analyzing technogenic characteristics) are developed. The results are studied in terms of models’ structure, forecasting accuracy, stability of the polyharmonic structure models, cross-spectral analysis. The modeling of the geocenter coordinates dynamics provides a higher approximation and forecasting accuracy compared to the results by other authors. The common components of these models are revealed. As a result, statistical models of the geocenter dynamics, obtained by in three coordinates x, y, z, were considered. The forecast "horizons" were estimated from these models using a few criteria. The analysis of the obtained models on harmonics stability was carried out, the cross-spectral analysis of time series of geocenter movement coordinates received by two space systems was performed. In order to test the stability, the time series were studied according to two satellite systems. The harmonics with periods of 1, 2, 4, and 6 months and a year were the most stable; they are shown in all three coordinates. The "flickering" structure of time series periodic components is revealed: their spectral density changes over the studied period. The period of the most reliable forecast ("forecast horizon") is determined to be between 10 and 25 weeks for DORIS data and between 6 and 25 weeks for GPS. The accuracy of GPS models approximation and prediction was from 2 to 10 times higher compared to the models by DORIS. The interaction between the periodic components of the series obtained by the two systems is discovered, which allows emphasizing the most significant and influential for the geocenter coordinates change harmonics, in particular, the ones with the periods of six months and 1 year

Photosynthesis-dependent H₂O₂ transfer from chloroplasts to nuclei provides a high-light signalling mechanism

Chloroplasts communicate information by signalling to nuclei during acclimation to fluctuating light. Several potential operating signals originating from chloroplasts have been proposed, but none have been shown to move to nuclei to modulate gene expression. One proposed signal is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by chloroplasts in a light-dependent manner. Using HyPer2, a genetically encoded fluorescent H2O2 sensor, we show that in photosynthetic Nicotiana benthamiana epidermal cells, exposure to high light increases H2O2 production in chloroplast stroma, cytosol and nuclei. Critically, over-expression of stromal ascorbate peroxidase (H2O2 scavenger) or treatment with DCMU (photosynthesis inhibitor) attenuates nuclear H2O2 accumulation and high light-responsive gene expression. Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase over-expression has little effect on nuclear H2O2 accumulation and high light-responsive gene expression. This is because the H2O2 derives from a sub-population of chloroplasts closely associated with nuclei. Therefore, direct H2O2 transfer from chloroplasts to nuclei, avoiding the cytosol, enables photosynthetic control over gene expression

Protection of Atmospheric Air From Pollution With Dust and Gas Emissions

В статье рассмотрена одна из самых глобальных проблем человечества - загрязнение воздуха пылегазовоздушными выбросами. Описаны источники загрязнения, виды токсичных веществ, а также решение этих проблем с помощью современных технологий.The article deals with one of the most global problems of mankind - air pollution by dust and gas emissions. The sources of pollution, types of toxic substances, as well as the solution of these problems with the help of modern technologies are described

The study of geodynamic parameters on the basis of adaptive regression modeling

Many natural processes in space may be simulated and controlled by a computer using the corresponding methods and approaches. These processes include: Geophysical phenomena, gravitational interactions, celestial bodies mechanics, and astrophysical events. In these cases, computer simulation directly interactswith physical systems. As it is well known, thosemodels refer to cyber-physical systems (CPS). In the case of geophysical processes, there is the interaction between computer algorithms and complex physical systems, whosemodels are hard to develop and control. The practice of analyzing geophysical processes has shown one is able to control the behavior of such systems using the computer adaptive regression modeling which also allows performing prediction actions. The construction of the prediction dynamics of a physically complex system has a crucial value for the quality of processing geophysical information. At the same time, CPS could be complex, especially when it is necessary to combine cyber-physical systems. The application of adaptive regression modeling for analyzing geophysical parameters is considered. In this chapter, the variations of the Earth’s pole position are investigated. Based on time series of observations of the Earth’s pole an adaptive regression model (ARM) describing the pole’s dynamics over 30 years is developed. Similar models were created earlier by other authors but their capabilities were limited for prediction. The ARM approach has provided a more accurate combination of observational and model parameters. As a result, the use of ARM has allowed constructing the predictive curve of the change in the Earth’s pole motion and comparing the produced results with observations. The comparison shows a rather good agreement between the model parameters and the observations data

The gravitational anomalies accounting method at geodetic observations

© SGEM2019. All Rights Reserved. This paper presents a new method of accounting the variations of the vertical due to fluctuations of water level in case of taking geodetic observations near the large reservoirs. The impact on latitude of observation and direct adjustment is estimated. The resulting correction caused by an anthropogenic interference is comparable with the adjustment effect of systematic lunar and solar tides. Accounting this effect may be useful for the solution of this higher geodesy problem and the development of high-quality public networks for adjustment. Anthropogenic interference with nature leads to the redistribution of large masses of matter in the Earth’s surface layer. The largest reservoirs contain about one hundred million tons of water, and approximately half of this amount varies, increasing and decreasing from time to time, according to the hydroelectric power station schedule. The obtained amendment for anthropogenic interference is higher than the one for adjustment due to the systematic influence of lunar and solar tides. But the tidal amendments are more accurate than geometric adjustment and are accounted at analyzing the results of A class adjustment. The considered opportunity to account this effect might be very useful when solving the higher geodesy problems, including the creation of high-quality state networks for adjustment and the development of adjustment networks for the study of the Earth’s crust vertical movements (ECVM). The classic optical tools of astrometry are more sensitive to the local vertical’s behavior, and may be used for the study of tectonic earthquake precursors as additional instruments. Using the developed methodology, formulas, and average tabular coefficient of soil porosity of 42%, the value of the additional impact of water level fluctuations in Kuybyshev reservoir on the local vertical and the observed latitude of the Engelhardt astronomical observatory is determined. It is found to be 0.000884″ per each meter of the change in the reservoir’s surface or for six-meter, average annual mark change, which together with the previous value gives 0.0053″. The laboratory data error is small; therefore, the produced values of the vertical’s deviations are rather reliable. Nevertheless, the engineering and hydrogeological researches in the “observatory-reservoir” territory should be conducted for a more robust and complete study of the dependence of such small (several thousandths of arc second) fluctuations of the vertical on local geophysical conditions

Study of the impact of technogenic processes on geophysical activity

© 2020 International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference. All rights reserved. Currently, particular attention is paid to the study of connection between geophysical phenomena and technogenic processes. At the same time, the structural parameters of the Earth's internal structure and its core, change in natural characteristics of water basins as well as dynamics of oil and gas deposits are being investigated. This paper describes a new method for studying geophysical phenomena depending on the state of large water basins. With this purpose, we conducted a correlation analysis between astrometric observations of latitude variations and Kuybyshev Reservoir dynamics. As a result, it was revealed that geophysical activity significantly depended on the state of the water basin itself. It was also found, there was a systematic motion near the Earth's surface layers. During the investigation, polar and non-polar components were removed from the astrometric latitude measurements in order to produce the mean latitude dynamics' gradient. The study of the produced gradient curve pointed at the probable change in surface layers slope of 12.26” a year. In other words, the territory subsidence was taking place. We may therefore conclude that large water basins cause some technogenic influence on the surrounding territories and are likely to cause variations of the ground surface. The results produced in this work may be useful for performing geodetic works near large water basins and allows assessing negative impact on the living systems located close to the source of technogenic processes

Analysis of the geodynamic activity near large reservoirs

© SGEM2019. All Rights Reserved. Currently, there are a number of works focusing on the study of the geodynamic situation near the large reservoirs. These studies cover many areas of research from geodynamic models of the Earth's crust and geodynamic activity of water reservoirs (e.g. lakes) to dynamics of the Earth's rotation and oil deposits. This paper presents a new method of analyzing the geodynamic situation near the large reservoirs. As an example, the geophysical conditions near Kuybyshev are determined using the method and data on latitude observations produced at the Engelhardt astronomical observatory (EAO). It is concluded that the geodynamic activity appears to be rather considerable near the large reservoirs. It is also revealed that the Earth’s crust and subcrust substance are constantly moving. The long-period variations of non-polar changes of an average latitude on EAO’s latitude for the period from 1950 to 1996 were obtained by excluding polar and non-polar harmonics, which is a common procedure in astronomy. This was carried out by using a method of linear transformation in order to produce a smooth line. The average rate of the surface inclination change was found to be 11.25" per year. Based on this value, it is confirmed that a large reservoir, such as Kuybyshev, causes the geodynamic activity and eventually leads to subsidence of the surrounding area in the center of the reservoir itself. As can be seen, the change of the surface inclination caused by the influence of man-made structures, such as Kuybyshev reservoir, is significant and should be carefully monitored using all the available methods of observation