Tipaje de HLA clase II mediante amplificación génica e hibridación con oligonucleótidos

Reducción altaLas moléculas hla clase ii tienen como función presentar antígenos a las células inmunocompetentes para iniciar una respuesta inmunológica frente a ellos. al ser moléculas muy polimorficas es necesario caracterizar la composición alelica de los individuos a la hora de buscar compatibilidades en programas de trasplante y estudio de asociaciones hla-enfermedad, hoy por hoy las aplicaciones mas importantes del tipaje hla. para ello se han empleado métodos clásicos tales como la serología y cultivos mixtos linfocitarios. recientemente se han puesto en marcha técnicas de biología molecular, empleadas en este trabajo. sobre un grupo de 38 individuos se ha realizado una reacción en cadena de polimerasa para amplificar las zonas genomicas codificantes de las áreas mas polimorficas de las moléculas hla, y posteriormente hibridarios con paneles locusespecificos de oligonucleotidos especifico de secuencia, deducidos a partir de las zonas de mayor variabilidad alelica. se han aplicados dos técnicas diferentes de hibridación empleando tampones diferentes: tmac (cloruro de tetrametilamonio) y sspe (tampon salino-fosfato). su objeto es valorar la eficacia del tipaje genomico frente al serologico a la hora de la aplicacion a un laboratorio asistencial hla, y estandarizar las condiciones tecnicas idoneas. los resultados obtenidos muestran que el tipaje genómico ha sido eficaz en el tipaje hla, completando la caracterización de tipajes serológicos incompletos. el método tmac ha demostrado ser mas sensible y especifico en su alternativo sspe.Univ. de Granad

Fast determination of viable bacterial cells in milk samples using impedimetric sensor and a novel calibration method

As a first stage toward the development of an impedimetric biosensor to quantify viable bacterial cells, this work defines the relationships between microbial growth and impedance changes associated with acidification of the culture medium. Escherichia coli bacterium was used as a model of a common pathogenic bacterium found in a foodstuff. Impedance was measured at a fix frequency of 10 kHz using interdigitated microelectrodes. Impedance changes were found to depend on the number of microorganisms in a sample. However, as the kinetics greatly depends on the bacterial concentration, it was not possible to obtain a single calibration curve in a wide concentration range at a fixed incubation time. To resolve this, a novel calibration method was proposed by measuring the sensor response at 270 and 390 min of incubation and taking a mean value. Obtained calibration plots were used to determine E. coli in a spiked milk samples. Performed experiments demonstrated the capacity of the method to detect E.coli concentrations in a range between 102 and 106 cfu mL−1 in milk in only 6 hours with 5–12% error margin.Authors acknowledge financial support from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (project CTQ2014-54553-C3-1-R) and European Union (project ENIAC-ED-52 v161210). This work was partially financially supported by Government of Russian Federation, Grant 074-U01.Peer reviewe

Diseño e implementación de tutoriales virtuales para el uso de fuentes de información on-line y herramientas informáticas de Química

SIN FINANCIACIÓNNo data 200

Blood Lead Level in a Paediatric Population of South-Eastern Spain and Associated Risk Factors.

To determine blood lead levels (BLL) in a healthy paediatric population and to analyse related sociodemographic, dietary and haematological factors. A cross-sectional study was made of 1427 healthy subjects aged 1-16 years from the city of Almería (south-eastern Spain). BLL, iron parameters and erythropoietin were determined, and sociodemographic and dietary data obtained. The study paramateters was analyses in BLL toxic and BLL no toxic group by multiple logistic regression. The mean BLL was 1.98 ± 1.1 µg/dL (95% CI:1.91-2.04). For 5.7% of the population, mean BLL was 2-5 µg/dL, for 2.1% it was >5 µg/dL and for 0.15% it was >10 µg/dL. Multivariate analysis showed that immigrant origin (OR:11.9; p 5 µg/dL and for 0.15% it was >10 µg/dL. Multivariate analysis showed that immigrant origin (OR:11.9; p 10 µg/dL. Multivariate analysis showed that immigrant origin (OR:11.9; p 5 µg/dL group. BLL and the prevalence of toxic BLL in healthy subjects aged 1-16 years living in south-eastern Spain are low and similar to those found in other developed countries. The factors associated with toxic BLL are immigrant origin, low level of parental education and dietary iron deficiency. The toxicity of BLL was not related to changes in the analytical parameters studied

El copyright en cuestión. Diálogos sobre propiedad intelectual

Análisis desde un enfoque editorial y legal del debate sobre la propiedad intelectual y sus formas en el contexto digital. Un debate que interesa a profesores, estudiantes, editores, divulgadores, bibliotecarios y autores. En el libro se estudia los derechos de autor y las cuestiones relacionadas con la propiedad intelectual provocadas por el impacto de la tecnología en la edición, creación, docencia e investigación al tiempo que se ofrece propuestas de futuro para conciliar los puestos de vista de autores, universidades, lectores, editoriales y bibliotecas.In the book analysis and debate, from an editorial and legal approach, intellectual property and its forms in the digital environment is made. A debate that concerns teachers, students, publishers, disseminators, librarians and authors. In the book copyright issues and intellectual property caused by the impact of technology in the editing, creating, teaching and research is studied. Finally, proposals for the future are offered to reconcile the positions of view of authors, universities, readers, publishers and libraries

El Quijote a través de la Educación Física : propuestas prácticas para Educación Infantil, Primaria, Secundaria y Bachillerato

Resumen basado en el de la publicaciónSe muestra el procedimiento seguido para trabajar la obra de Miguel de Cervantes, El Ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha, desde el área de Educación Física, a través de los juegos populares que aparecen en ella. Se presenta el relato de la investigación llevada a cabo, así como su adaptación y aplicación en Educación Física en las etapas de Educación Infantil, Primaria, Secundaria y Bachillerato. A partir de la localización y el conocimiento de los juegos motores populares que aparecen en la novela, se pasa al plan de acción: diseñar una propuesta de intervención educativa en las distintas etapas o niveles mencionados. A estos efectos, el juego como elemento cultural se ha trabajado en la pista-gimnasio a partir de los textos del Quijote, de su lectura y comentario en el aula desde la perspectiva globalizadora en Infantil, en las áreas de Lengua, Música y Conocimiento del Medio en Primaria y en las áreas de Lengua, Ciencias, Historia, Música y Geografía en Educación Secundaria y Bachillerato, todo ello complementándose con la realización de clases teórico-prácticas en la pista y en el gimnasio en las clases de Educación Física.AndalucíaBiblioteca de Educación del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Calle San Agustín 5 -3 Planta; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; [email protected]

The age again in the eye of the COVID-19 storm: evidence-based decision making.

One hundred fifty million contagions, more than 3 million deaths and little more than 1 year of COVID-19 have changed our lives and our health management systems forever. Ageing is known to be one of the significant determinants for COVID-19 severity. Two main reasons underlie this: immunosenescence and age correlation with main COVID-19 comorbidities such as hypertension or dyslipidaemia. This study has two aims. The first is to obtain cut-off points for laboratory parameters that can help us in clinical decision-making. The second one is to analyse the effect of pandemic lockdown on epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory parameters concerning the severity of the COVID-19. For these purposes, 257 of SARSCoV2 inpatients during pandemic confinement were included in this study. Moreover, 584 case records from a previously analysed series, were compared with the present study data. Concerning the characteristics of lockdown series, mild cases accounted for 14.4, 54.1% were moderate and 31.5%, severe. There were 32.5% of home contagions, 26.3% community transmissions, 22.5% nursing home contagions, and 8.8% corresponding to frontline worker contagions regarding epidemiological features. Age > 60 and male sex are hereby confirmed as severity determinants. Equally, higher severity was significantly associated with higher IL6, CRP, ferritin, LDH, and leukocyte counts, and a lower percentage of lymphocyte, CD4 and CD8 count. Comparing this cohort with a previous 584-cases series, mild cases were less than those analysed in the first moment of the pandemic and dyslipidaemia became more frequent than before. IL-6, CRP and LDH values above 69 pg/mL, 97 mg/L and 328 U/L respectively, as well as a CD4 T-cell count below 535 cells/μL, were the best cut-offs predicting severity since these parameters offered reliable areas under the curve. Age and sex together with selected laboratory parameters on admission can help us predict COVID-19 severity and, therefore, make clinical and resource management decisions. Demographic features associated with lockdown might affect the homogeneity of the data and the robustness of the results