The influence of fermented with certain lactic acid bacteria Satureja hortensis on the quality and technological parameters of pork and beef loin

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the fermented with different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Satureja hortensis (Sh) on the quality and technological parameters of the pork and beef loin. For the Sh solid state (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SMF) Pediococcus acidilactici KTU05-7, Pediococcus pentosaceus KTU05-8 and Lactobacillus sakei KTU05-6 were used. Pork and beef loin surface was treated with fermented Sh plants. The concentrations of L-(+) and D-(-) lactic acid in with different LAB fermented Sh plants were determined by an enzyme test kit (R – biopharm AG – Roche, Damstadt, Germany) according Yun et. al. (2003). Biogenic amines (BAs) analysis was carried out according Ben Gigirey et al. (1999). Water holding capacity was determined by using compression method, described by Grau and Hamm (1959). Tenderness of meat samples was measured as shear force by using a texture analyzer (TA-XT2i; Texture Technologies, Scarsdale, NY, USA). The amount of intramuscular fat was evaluated by the Soxhlet method according to Folch et al. (1957). Acceptability of treated with Sh pork and beef loin was evaluated according to ISO 8586-1 method by fifteen judges for preliminary sensory acceptability using a 6 scores hedonic line scale ranging from 6 (extremely like) to 1 (extremely dislike). It was found that in Sh substrate used LAB produce more L-(+) (from 4.95 g/kg-1 P. acidilactici SMF to 6.69 g/kg-1 P. pentosaceus SSF) than D-(-) (from 2.86 g/kg-1 P. pentosaceus SSF to 4.76 g/kg-1 P. acidilactici SMF) lactate. BAs concentration of all analysed pork and beef loin samples were ranged from 1.36 mg/kg to 87.64 mg/kg (in control samples and in beef loin treated with P. acidilactici SMF Sh). A dominant BA in pork and beef loin samples was putrescine, except, pork loin treated with P. pentosaceus SMF Sh and pork loin control samples, where a dominant BA was cadaverine. [...]Biochemijos katedraBotanikos sodasKauno technologijos universitetasLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

The safety, technological, nutritional, and sensory challenges associated with lacto-fermentation of meat and meat products by using pure lactic acid bacteria strains and plant-lactic acid bacteria bioproducts

Introduction. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the most popular microbial cultures used in the preparation of fermented foods (Bintsis, 2018). Due to their wide range of antimicrobial activity, LAB have been shown to improve safety, nutritional and sensory characteristics, control fermentation by microflora and speed maturation, as well as increase the shelf life of products (Des et al., 2018). Recently, as a new approach for the application of technological starters, great interest has been concentrated on their biodegradation and/or absorption properties of non-desirable chemical compounds, and it was reported that LAB can reduce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic aromatic amines (Bartkiene et al., 2017; Chiocchetti et al., 2018). However, fermented meat and meat products can be a source of biogenic amines (BAs), and relatively high concentrations of these compounds were reported in fermented sausages (EFSA, 2011; Özogul and Hamed, 2018), as well as in other foods (Capozzi et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2016; Li et al., 2018). Low concentrations of BAs are not toxic; however, putrescine and cadaverine can form carcinogenic nitrosamines, especially in meat products, where nitrite is used as a technological compound, also polyamines and diamines can form stable N-nitroso compounds (Eliassen et al., 2002). Therefore, the search for solutions to reduce undesirable microorganisms, as well as to decrease BAs and PAHs and control their levels in foods is very important. Also, attention has been paid to the meat products, with functional, as well as health promoting compounds, technologies development. For this reason, health enhancing ingredients such as plant based antioxidants, dietary fibers, and savory plants are rapidly increasing worldwide similar to natural bio-preservatives and value enriching compounds. Finally, it is very important to evaluate the risk of technological processes and to analyse the safety parameters of the final products, because separate ingredients can be general recognized as safe; however, during the technological processes various changes, desirable and non-desirable, can be initiated

The impact of lactic acid bacteria with antimicrobial properties on biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and biogenic amines in cold smoked pork sausages

The influence of surface treatment with lactic acid bacteria (LAB), previously cultivated in an alternative substrate, on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and biogenic amines (BAs) in cold smoked pork meat sausages was investigated. Moreover, sausages treatment with LAB after the smoking on PAHs content changes was evaluated. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of LAB metabolites on food spoilage bacteria was determined using the agar well diffusion assay method. The metabolites of Pediococcus acidilactici KTU05-7, Pediococcus pentosaceus KTU05-9 and Lactobacillus sakei KTU05-6 strains showed good inhibitory properties against tested pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria. Moreover L. sakei produced bacteriocins inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the treatment of sausages surface with LAB before smoking decreased the content of cadaverine and spermidine, whereas the treatment of sausages surface with LAB after smoking decreased the content of putrescine (approx. 53% when L. sakei and P. acidilactici were applied) or totally eliminated (applying P. pentosaceus) from outer layers and centre of sausages. The application of LAB for sausages treatment before and after smoking significantly decreased both benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene decreasing (p < 0.05). The results also confirm that potatoes juice could be used as an alternative substrate for LAB cultivation, and the obtained fermented bioproducts could be applied for surface treatment of cold smoked pork sausages in case to reduce microbial contamination, and PAHs content in final product

Application of valorized dairy industry by-products for nutraceutical formulas development

The zero-waste economy has many challenges, of which the most important is the need for attractive technologies for the effective recycling of by-products. One of challenges in dairy industry is to effectively use large quantities of dairy by-products, e.g., the milk permeate (MP). MP is a dairy industry by-product obtained during milk protein concentrate production. The aim of this study was to develop nutraceutical in chewing form (NC) preparations. The main ingredients used for the preparation of added-value nutraceuticals were MP (containing GOS), extruded and fermented wheat bran (containing log10 colony-forming unit CFU/g viable antimicrobial property showing the LAB strains), psyllium husk (PH) (source of desirable hydrocolloids), and apple by-products (AP) (source of phenolic compounds). Also, for the preparation of NC, gelatin and agar were tested. In the NC formulations, citric acid (CA) was replaced to ascorbic acid (AA) to obtain a desirable hard texture of samples with agar. The optimal quantities of bioactive ingredients were selected by performing an overall acceptability (OA) test and evaluating emotions induced by consumers. Moreover, viable LAB count during storage, colour, texture, and antioxidant characteristics were evaluated. The highest OA (score 8.5) was shown for samples consisting of MP, PH, AP, CA, and xylitol (XY), a very strong correlation was found gelatin, MP, PH, AP, and CA showed a LAB count higher than 6.0 log10 CFU/g, but higher antioxidant activity were found for the NC prepared with agar. Finally, it can be acknowledged that fermented MP, PH, and AP can be used for preparation of added-value NC in a sustainable manner.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characteristics of Nutraceutical Chewing Candy Formulations Based on Fermented Milk Permeate, Psyllium Husk, and Apple By-Products

The aim of this study was to develop nutraceutical chewing candy (CCN) formulations based on fermented milk permeate (MP) (source of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and viable lactic acid bacteria (LAB)), psyllium husk (source of desirable hydrocolloids), and apple by-products (source of phenolic compounds). For CCN preparation, gelatin (Gel) and agar were tested; also, to provide CCN prepared using agar with a desirable hard texture, citric acid (cit) was changed to ascorbic acid. To select the optimal quantities of the ingredients, overall acceptability (OA) and emotions (EMs) induced in consumers by different CCN formulations were evaluated. Furthermore, viable LAB count during storage, texture, colour, and antioxidant characteristics were analysed. The highest OA (score 8.5) was shown for samples consisting of MP, psyllium husk (Ph), apple by-products (App), cit and xylitol (Xy); a very strong correlation was found between OA and the EM “happy” (r = 0.907**). After 14 days of storage, Gel+MP+Ph+App+cit samples showed a LAB count higher than 6.0 log10 CFU g−1; however, better antioxidant properties were found for the CCN prepared with agar. Finally, it can be stated that fermented MP, Ph, and App can be used for preparation of added-value CCN in a sustainable manner, and the recommended formulation is Gel+ MP+Ph+App+cit+Xy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Application of the fermented and immobilized Cannabis sativa products for the biscuits production.

The aim of this study was to increase the total phenolic compounds (TPC) content, antioxidant activity, and protein digestibility of Cannabis sativa protein and expeller by using fermentation with selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, isolated from spontaneous fermented cereal substrate, and to adapt the Cannabis sativa protein and expeller products by using immobilization for higher value biscuits production.Spontaneous sourdough is a good source for LAB isolation, and isolated strains (Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei) showed versatile carbohydrate metabolism and resistance to low pH conditions. L. plantarum and L. paracasei could be used for hemp seed protein and expeller fermentation in order to increase its antioxidant activity, and for hemp seed expeller protein digestibility increasing L. plantarum should be selected (digestibility increase 15.26%, compare to nonfermented expeller samples). Fermented hemp seed products have significant influence on most of the biscuits parameters, and for biscuits value increasing with L. plantarum fermented and immobilazed hemp seed protein and expeller could be recommended

Application of the fermented and immobilized Cannabis sativa products for the biscuits production.

The aim of this study was to increase the total phenolic compounds (TPC) content, antioxidant activity, and protein digestibility of Cannabis sativa protein and expeller by using fermentation with selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, isolated from spontaneous fermented cereal substrate, and to adapt the Cannabis sativa protein and expeller products by using immobilization for higher value biscuits production.Spontaneous sourdough is a good source for LAB isolation, and isolated strains (Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei) showed versatile carbohydrate metabolism and resistance to low pH conditions. L. plantarum and L. paracasei could be used for hemp seed protein and expeller fermentation in order to increase its antioxidant activity, and for hemp seed expeller protein digestibility increasing L. plantarum should be selected (digestibility increase 15.26%, compare to nonfermented expeller samples). Fermented hemp seed products have significant influence on most of the biscuits parameters, and for biscuits value increasing with L. plantarum fermented and immobilazed hemp seed protein and expeller could be recommended

Sourdough lactic acid bacteria – from food industry by-products and alternative food stock valorization to neurotransmitters production

Abstract: Sourdough is a complex ecosystem, where lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts are dominant organisms. LAB isolated from sourdough can be employed as a biotechnological starters to improve the safety and functionality of food and feed, to provide added value and to increase safety of food industry by-products, to design synthesis of functional molecules in fermentable substrates, and to moderate the technologies for safer alternative stock (e.g., insect flour) incorporation to the main food (e.g., bread) formulas. Sourdough contains a wide range of LAB, which metabolic activity strongly affects the characteristics of the fermentable substrates. The addition of starter cultures under controlled conditions is a highly prospective technology for sustainable feed preparation. Metabolites of the LAB as well as viable LAB cells in fermented feed material leads to desirable changes in animal microbiota, better health and production quality. Additionally, the high-functionality fermented feed can be produced by applying sourdough LAB for the food industry by-product valorization. Also, fermentation with sourdough LAB greatly contribute not only to the flavour, aroma, and texture of the final product but also to functional molecules synthesis, e.g., galactooligosaccharides can be synthesized from the dairy industry by-products containing lactose; gamma-aminobutyric acid can be produced from the substrates containing L-glutamic acid (e.g., Spirulina). This type of bioconversion is a very promising technology for food and nutraceutical production. Finally, our works showed, that sourdough LAB application in industry is extremely broad: from food industry by-products and alternative food stock valorization to neurotransmitter production.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio