Les maisons à cour des III^e-II^e s. av. J.-C. à Lattes : émergence d’une différenciation dans l’habitat indigène

International audienceBei den kürzlich durchgeführten Ausgrabungen in Lattes wurde eine Reihe von Häusern freigelegt, die um einen Innenhof herumgebaut waren. Diese Hofhäuser aus dem 3. und 2. Jh. v. u. Z. stellen einen grundlegenden Wandel im Vergleich zu dem traditionellen Haustyp dar, der sich durch linear angeordnete Häuser mit einem bis zu vier Räumen auszeichnet. Nichtsdestoweniger weisen diese Häuser zugleich eine starke Kontinuität der lokalen kulturellen Traditionen auf, sowohl was die interne Organisation der Wohnräume, die Techniken und die Baumaterialien angeht, als auch die Tendenzen der Konsumgewohnheiten der Haushalte. In diesem Artikel werden zunächst die sechs entdeckten und teilweise ausgegrabenen Hofhäuser kurz beschrieben; anschließend wird dieser Haustyp in seinen regionalen Kontext eingeordnet, und es wird eine vorläufige Einschätzung des Beitrages dieser Häuser zum Verständnis der sozialen und kulturellen Wandlungen vorgeschlagen.A discovery of major importance revealed by the recent excavations at the site of Lattes is the existence of a series of houses built around a central courtyard. These courtyard houses, which date to the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, represent a significant departure in form and size from the traditional norm of 1-4 room houses arranged in linear blocks. However, they also show strong continuities with local cultural traditions in terms of the internal organization of rooms, techniques and materials of construction, and patterns of consumption. This article provides a brief summary description of the six courtyard houses that have been at least partially excavated at Lattes to date, situates them within a regional context, and gives a preliminary assessment of their significance for understanding transformations of social relations and cultural dispositions.Les fouilles récentes réalisées sur le site de Lattes ont permis la découverte d’une série de maisons construites autour d’une cour centrale. Ces maisons à cour, datées des IIIe s. et IIe s. av. J.-C., constituent un changement radical par rapport aux formes traditionnelles de l’habitat, caractérisées par des maisons organisées selon une trame linéaire et dont le nombre de pièces varie généralement entre une et quatre. Toutefois, ces maisons nous montrent une forte continuité des traditions culturelles locales en termes d’organisation interne des pièces d’habitat, de techniques et matériaux de construction et dans les tendances de la consommation domestique. Cet article propose une description sommaire des six maisons à cour découvertes et partiellement fouillées sur le site, avant de replacer ce type d’habitat dans son contexte régional et de fournir une évaluation préliminaire de leur apport à la compréhension des transformations sociales et culturelles

Chipped stone tools from the Early Bronze Age settlement of Minferri (2100-1650 cal. BC) (Lleida, Spain): Raw materials, technology and activities inferred

The main objective of this work is to advance a first approximation of the economic processes in which the Early Bronze Age lithic tools were involved, as well as the relation between the flint technology and the emerging metallurgy production among these communities.This work has been possible under the i+D Research Project: Procesos sociales, tecnológicos y económicos en la explotación de recursos minerales del Priorat (Cataluña): una vision diacrónica (HAR2010-21105-C02-01) of the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spanish Goverment). Dioscorides Marín acknowledges gladly his PhD fellowship FI-DGR 2013 of the Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalan Regional Government).Peer reviewe

Dogs and foxes in Early-Middle Bronze Age funerary structures in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula: human control of canid diet at the sites of Can Roqueta (Barcelona) and Minferri (Lleida)

Findings of canid remains in graves at different sites in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula are evidence of a widespread funerary practice that proliferated between the end of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC, in particular, in the Early-Middle Bronze Age contexts. The discovery of four foxes and a large number of dogs at the sites of Can Roqueta (Barcelona) and Minferri (Lleida) respectively, stand out among the many examples of these types of grave goods. In this work, we have made an approximation of the relationship between humans and canids through the study of their diet by analysis of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in bone collagen. These analyses were complemented by archaeozoological, anthropological and archaeobotanical studies. The comparison of human and animal diets comprised a total of 37 canids, 19 domestic ungulates and 64 humans. The results indicate that the diet of the dogs was similar to that of humans, although δ15N values of dogs in Can Roqueta and Minferri are, on the average, 1.4‰ and 1.1‰, respectively, lower than those of humans. The offset between canids and the herbivorous ungulates of each site is not up to the established minimum for a trophic level, which implies an input of C3 plants and human intervention in the feeding of dogs and some of the foxes. Some particular cases in Can Roqueta suggest a specific food preparation, richer in cereals, for larger dogs (probably devoted to carrying loads), and possibly for at least one of the foxes.Our deepest gratitude goes to Mònica Oliva and Noemí Terrats, the directors of the excavation of Can Roqueta, for giving access to unpublished data on the structures of the sectors of Torre Romeu and Can Revella and Javier López Cachero of the University of Barcelona for the recent dating of CRII-591 of Can Roqueta in the framework of projects HAR2013-48010-P and HAR2017-87695-P (MINECO, Spain). We also thank Julià Maroto of the Universitat de Girona for his collaboration in the analysis of animals of Can Roqueta in the framework of project HAR2010-22013 (MINECO, Spain). The research on Minferri was supported by projects HAR2016-78277-R (MINECO, Spain) and SGR 2017-1714 (Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalonia). AGD receives support from the project CGL2014-57209-P (MINECO, Spain).Peer reviewe