678 research outputs found
Infrared investigations Status report, 1 Jul. - 30 Sep. 1966
Aerial infrared surveys using infrared scanners and photograph
Use of infrared imagery in study of the San Andreas fault system, California
Airborne infrared imagery of San Andreas fault, Californi
Aerial infrared surveys at the Geysers geothermal steam field, California
Aerial infrared surveys at The Geysers geothermal steam field, Californi
Aerial infrared images of The Geysers geothermal steam field and vicinity, Sonoma County, California
Image results of aerial infrared survey in vicinity of geyser
Alcohol use disorders: a mental health not a moral issue
The prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUD) and associated alcohol related harm amongst women in the community can compromise their mental and physical health (Foster et al. 2014)
Giving women a voice - narratives on accessing (or not) drug and alcohol services
Abstract of a presentation at the ADDICTION 2015: the Australian & New Zealand Addiction Conference, Gold Coast, Australia, 20-22 May
Magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves to assess diaphragm strength on the Intensive Care Unit
Cough frequency monitors : can they discriminate patient from environmental coughs?
BACKGROUND: Objective cough frequency measurements are increasingly applied in clinical research. Technological advances enable automated detection and counting of cough events from sound recordings of many hours’ duration. A possible limitation of sound-based cough frequency measurement is the contamination of recordings by environmental coughs (coughs from persons other than the patient). This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of a sound-based cough monitor for detecting and discriminating patient cough from environmental cough. METHODS: As part of a stroke trial (ISRCTN40298220), patients on a hospital ward underwent 15-minute recordings using the Leicester Cough Monitor (LCM), a sound-based cough monitor (‘semi-automated counts’). Participants and other persons in the environment were prompted to cough. An observer present in the room recorded the number of patient and environmental coughs (‘live counts’). LCM counts were also compared against a manual cough count, the most commonly used gold standard to determine accuracy (‘manual sound counts’ from listening to recordings), by a blinded assessor who cross-referenced timed cough events from the respective methods. Data for automated, manual and live cough counts were analyzed using agreement statistics. RESULTS: On sound recordings from five patients, there were 65 patient coughs and 78 environmental coughs (manual counts). Absolute agreement for patient cough count between all three measurement methods (LCM automated, live, and manual sound counts) was high, with intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.94 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.74, 0.99]. The proportion of exact agreements for patient cough between LCM and manual count was 0.92, and kappa was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.93). The LCM showed sensitivity of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.98), specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.96), positive predictive value of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.95) and negative predictive value of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.98) for detecting patient coughs. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study supports the validity of the cough monitor for detecting and discriminating patient from environmental cough. Further validation is recommended, to describe the level of accuracy with greater precision
Preventing unintentional injuries to children under 15 years in the outdoors: a systematic review of the effectiveness of educational programs.
This is a freely-available open access publication. Please cite the published version which is available via the DOI link in this record.Unintentional injuries to children in the outdoors have a significant impact on child mortality, development and healthcare costs. This paper presents the findings of a systematic review about the effectiveness of programs that provided information, advice or education about the prevention of unintentional injuries to children under 15 years during outdoor play and leisure.Centre for Public Health Excellence, National
Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (UK
Effect of exercise referral schemes in primary care on physical activity and improving health outcomes: Systematic review and meta-analysis
This is an open access article - Copyright @ 2011 BMJObjective: To assess the impact of exercise referral schemes on physical activity and health outcomes.
Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Data sources Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and ongoing trial registries up to October 2009. We also checked study references.
Study selection Design: randomised controlled trials or non-randomised
controlled (cluster or individual) studies published in peer review journals.
Population: sedentary individuals with or without medical diagnosis.
Exercise referral schemes defined as: clear referrals by primary care professionals to third party service providers to increase physical activity or exercise, physical activity or exercise programmes tailored to
individuals, and initial assessment and monitoring throughout programmes. Comparators: usual care, no intervention, or alternative exercise referral schemes.
Results Eight randomised controlled trials met the inclusion criteria, comparing exercise referral schemes with usual care (six trials), alternative physical activity intervention (two), and an exercise referral
scheme plus a self determination theory intervention (one). Compared with usual care, follow-up data for exercise referral schemes showed an increased number of participants who achieved 90-150 minutes of
physical activity of at least moderate intensity per week (pooled relative risk 1.16, 95% confidence intervals 1.03 to 1.30) and a reduced level of depression (pooled standardised mean difference −0.82, −1.28 to −0.35). Evidence of a between group difference in physical activity of moderate
or vigorous intensity or in other health outcomes was inconsistent at follow-up. We did not find any difference in outcomes between exercise referral schemes and the other two comparator groups. None of the
included trials separately reported outcomes in individuals with specific medical diagnoses. Substantial heterogeneity in the quality and nature of the exercise referral schemes across studies might have contributed
to the inconsistency in outcome findings.
Conclusions Considerable uncertainty remains as to the effectiveness of exercise referral schemes for increasing physical activity, fitness, or health indicators, or whether they are an efficient use of resources for
sedentary people with or without a medical diagnosis.This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment (NIHR HTA) programme
(project number 08/72/01) (www.hta.ac.uk/)
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