L. plantarum 299V as a starter probiotic in fermented egg white drink

Egg white (albumen) is the sticky, colorless part of the egg surrounded by the eggshell. It consists of many functional proteins, especially ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, ovomucoid, ovomucin, and lysozyme. Probiotics are living microorganisms that have a beneficial effect on the human intestine. Recently, supplementing food with probiotics has become an important approach to prevent the adhesion of some harmful bacteria to the intestinal mucosa and reduce the symptoms associated with lactose intolerance and milk protein allergy. Egg white drink is a functional drink that is cholesterol and fat-free, and rich source of protein. In this study egg white drink was fermented by L.plantarum 299v as a starter culture using two different carbohydrate sources (fructose and fructooligosaccharides) as samples, and without added sugar were serving as controls.The survivability and pH value of probiotic beverages was investigated during three weeks of cold storage. After 24 hours of fermentation, the pH decreased to a value of 6.15 and the cell count increased to 8.2 log10 CFU/ml in the control samples. During 3 weeks of storage, the cell count was higher than 108 CFU/ml in all samples with or without added sugar, which is the recommended daily dose of probiotic bacteria. Moreover, the pH decreased to 3.8 when fructose and fructooligosaccharides were added, while the control samples had the highest pH (6.1) during the storage period

A bifidobacterium fermented egg white drink with different carbohydrate sources

Probiotics have been shown to benefit human health, however, they are usually found in dairy products, which cannot be consumed by people with lactose intolerance or milk protein allergies. Egg white drink is a good alternative and might be a suitable carrier for probiotics. In this context, the usability of egg white drink for the fermentation by Bifidobacterium longum Bb46 and Bifidobacterium longum DSM 16603 and the effect of adding different carbohydrate sources (glucose, fructose and saccharose) was investigated. After 24 hours of fermentation, changes in pH, total cell count and protein profile were also examined. A reduction in pH was observed particularly when carbohydrate sources were added to egg white drink compared to control samples. Generally, the total cell count was greater than 8.3 log10CFU/mL, and the cell count of B. longum DSM 16603 was considerably higher than B. longum Bb46 in egg white drink supplemented with glucose and saccharose. Following SDS protein profile analysis of all studied samples, ovalbumin, ovoflavoprotein, and ovomucoid were detected, although their associated bands were weaker when carbohydrates were added. To sum up, B. longum DSM 16603 can be applied for the production of fermented probiotic egg white drink in the presence of fructose, which might make the drink suitable for diabetics

Plasma Β-Endorphin and Cortisol Profiles around Periparturient Period at Stressful Conditions in Egyptian Buffalo

The study determined the level of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in peripheral blood circulation of buffalo cows suffering from reproductive disorders (dystocia and retained placenta) and weakness body condition score during periparturient period. Twenty multi-parous Egyptian buffalo cows at late pregnancy period were used for two months before parturition. β-endorphin concentrations were higher in buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders groups. Whereas, β-endorphin concentrations were 134.9±4.8 for retained placenta, 121.3±4.9 for dystocia, 114.2±8.4 for weakness and 113.5±6.5 pg/ml for control. In the closer period around parturition both of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol followed the same trend toward a gradually increased values during -2,-1days and zero time in all groups. A concomitant trend was noticed in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in postpartum period with reduce values were observed in all groups after parturition continued for month or more. Buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders were showed a high relative values in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations. A significant differences (P<0.01) were observed between the experimental groups. Generally, buffaloes suffering reproductive disorders had a clear impact on blood plasma β-endorphin concentration around parturition process.The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between various reproductive disorders as a stress factors with plasma β–endorphin and cortisol in buffalo cows around parturition and changes in these parameters could be used as an objective measure of the stress associated labour. Stress has been hypothesized to be a cause of impaired reproductive efficiency. Stress may cause an overproduction of beta-endorphins and free radical

Retained placenta in Relation with Blood Components in Egyptian crossbred cattle

          The present study was carried out in the veterinary units on 14 normal cows and 32 cows with Retained Placenta. Cows were chosen after about 6 to 12 hours from parturition in Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt.        Results show that there was very highly significant increase of concentrations of all blood biochemical components, macro elements and micro elements in normal cows than those in retained fetal membranes cows except in globulin, Sodium and Manganese.  On the other hand, plasma concentrations of biochemical components were highly significant between summer and winter in cholesterol, total protein and albumin but it wasn’t significant in glucose, globulin and A/G ratio. Moreover, there was very highly significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all macro elements except potassium and Ca/P ratio. Also, there was very highly significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all micro elements except Manganese. Meanwhile, plasma concentrations of biochemical components were not significant between parities except in A/G ratio. Furthermore, there was no significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all macro elements. But, there was very highly significant (P≤0.01) in plasma concentration of Cu and Cd between summer and winter, and it was significant (P≤0.05) in Fe and Se but, there was no significant in Co, Zn, Mn, and Mo.      The aim of this study was to determine blood plasma constituents and inorganic macro and micro elements in the case of retained placenta in crossbred cattle under Egyptian conditions

A New Hybrid Algorithm to Solve Winner Determination Problem in Multiunit Double Internet Auction

Solving winner determination problem in multiunit double auction has become an important E-business task. The main issue in double auction is to improve the reward in order to match the ideal prices and quantity and make the best profit for sellers and buyers according to their bids and predefined quantities. There are many algorithms introduced for solving winner in multiunit double auction. Conventional algorithms can find the optimal solution but they take a long time, particularly when they are applied to large dataset. Nowadays, some evolutionary algorithms, such as particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm, were proposed and have been applied. In order to improve the speed of evolutionary algorithms convergence, we will propose a new kind of hybrid evolutionary algorithm that combines genetic algorithm (GA) with particle swarm optimization (PSO) to solve winner determination problem in multiunit double auction; we will refer to this algorithm as AUC-GAPSO

Design of Strain-Engineered GeSn/GeSiSn Quantum Dots for Mid-IR Direct Bandgap Emission on Si Substrate

Abstract Strain-engineered self-assembled GeSn/GeSiSn quantum dots in Ge matrix have been numerically investigated aiming to study their potentiality towards direct bandgap emission in the mid-IR range. The use of GeSiSn alloy as surrounding media for GeSn quantum dots (QD) allows adjusting the strain around the QD through the variation of Si and/or Sn composition. Accordingly, the lattice mismatch between the GeSn quantum dots and the GeSiSn surrounding layer has been tuned between − 2.3 and − 4.5% through the variation of the Sn barrier composition for different dome-shaped QD sizes. The obtained results show that the emission wavelength, fulfilling the specific QD directness criteria, can be successively tuned over a broad mid-IR range from 3 up to7 μm opening new perspectives for group IV laser sources fully integrated in Si photonic systems for sensing applications

Investigating the shelf-life of probiotics fermented egg white-based beverage using prebiotics

With growing attention to health and lifestyle changes, functional foods have become crucial and in demand. These foods are a rich source of probiotics and prebiotics, but most probiotic products are dairy-based, making them inappropriate for people with lactose intolerance or milk protein allergies. Nevertheless, egg white offers a viable substitute and is considered one of the best sources of functional proteins. As an alternative food matrix, they come highly recommended for those who are hypersensitive to dairy products or who follow a high-protein diet, such as athletes. In this context, egg-white drink with different carbohydrate sources, including monosaccharide (fructose) and oligosaccharide (fructooligosaccharide), was fermented by Lacticaseibacillus casei 01. After 24 h of fermentation, the total cell count was higher than 8 log 10 CFU mL −1 thus, the egg white drink was suitable for L. casei 01 to grow. Additionally, the survival of L.casei 01, the pH value, and the rheological properties of fermented beverages within three weeks of refrigerated storage were also investigated. Throughout the storage period, the control samples exhibited considerably lower cell count and higher pH values compared to the samples with carbohydrate sources, also, samples containing the same carbohydrate source showed no noticeable changes. Viscosity measurements of the studied samples showed a shear thickening behaviour during the time

Evaluation of Radio Communication Links of 4G Systems

Radio communication systems are very widely present in our current smart lifestyles. It consists of two ends, which can carry the transmitter’s information to the receptor. Before installing any radio communication system, it is necessary to analyze the link resources. Hence, this analysis allows the determination of the received radio communication strength to prove if it is sufficient for the link to work correctly and assure a high quality of service. For this reason, new services and technologies are integrated. The objective of the present work is to improve the performance of the radio communication link of 4G systems. The study is based on real measurements using the drive test. The data collected by the drive test are analyzed to increase the performance of the radio communication. Based on this data analysis, recommendations and suggestions are issued for improving the radio communication link. The obtained results indicate a significant amelioration in the performance of the radio communication link