172 research outputs found
Economic inequalities in burden of illness, diagnosis and treatment of five long-term conditions in England: panel study
We compared the distribution by wealth of self-reported illness burden (estimated from validated scales, biomarker and reported symptoms) for angina, cataract, depression, diabetes and osteoarthritis, with the distribution of self-reported medical diagnosis and treatment. We aimed to determine if the greater illness burden borne by poorer participants was matched by appropriately higher levels of diagnosis and treatment
As NMR of Ba(FeCo)As in High Magnetic Field
The superconducting state of an optimally doped single crystal of
Ba(FeCo)As was investigated by As NMR in high
magnetic fields from 6.4 T to 28 T. It was found that the Knight shift is least
affected by vortex supercurrents in high magnetic fields, T, revealing
slow, possibly higher order than linear, increase with temperature at , with . This is consistent with the
extended s-wave state with symmetry but the precise details of the gap
structure are harder to resolve. Measurements of the NMR spin-spin relaxation
time, , indicate a strong indirect exchange interaction at all
temperatures. Below the superconducting transition temperature vortex dynamics
lead to an anomalous dip in at the vortex freezing transition from which
we obtain the vortex phase diagram up to T.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figure
Fault Localization in a Microfabricated Surface Ion Trap using Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Magnetometry
As quantum computing hardware becomes more complex with ongoing design
innovations and growing capabilities, the quantum computing community needs
increasingly powerful techniques for fabrication failure root-cause analysis.
This is especially true for trapped-ion quantum computing. As trapped-ion
quantum computing aims to scale to thousands of ions, the electrode numbers are
growing to several hundred with likely integrated-photonic components also
adding to the electrical and fabrication complexity, making faults even harder
to locate. In this work, we used a high-resolution quantum magnetic imaging
technique, based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, to investigate
short-circuit faults in an ion trap chip. We imaged currents from these
short-circuit faults to ground and compared to intentionally-created faults,
finding that the root-cause of the faults was failures in the on-chip trench
capacitors. This work, where we exploited the performance advantages of a
quantum magnetic sensing technique to troubleshoot a piece of quantum computing
hardware, is a unique example of the evolving synergy between emerging quantum
technologies to achieve capabilities that were previously inaccessible.Comment: 8 pages main text; 2 pages supplemen
Identifying opportunities for timely diagnosis of bladder and renal cancer via abnormal blood tests: a longitudinal linked data study.
BACKGROUND: Understanding pre-diagnostic test use could reveal diagnostic windows where more timely evaluation for cancer may be indicated. AIM: To examine pre-diagnostic patterns of results of abnormal blood tests in patients with bladder and renal cancer. DESIGN AND SETTING: A retrospective cohort study using primary care and cancer registry data on patients with bladder and renal cancer who were diagnosed between April 2012 and December 2015 in England. METHOD: The rates of patients with a first abnormal result in the year before cancer diagnosis, for 'generic' (full blood count components, inflammatory markers, and calcium) and 'organ-specific' blood tests (creatinine and liver function test components) that may lead to subsequent detection of incidental cancers, were examined. Poisson regression was used to detect the month during which the cohort's rate of each abnormal test started to increase from baseline. The proportion of patients with a test found in the first half of the diagnostic window was examined, as these 'early' tests might represent opportunities where further evaluation could be initiated. RESULTS: Data from 4533 patients with bladder and renal cancer were analysed. The monthly rate of patients with a first abnormal test increased towards the time of cancer diagnosis. Abnormalities of both generic (for example, high inflammatory markers) and organ-specific tests (for example, high creatinine) started to increase from 6-8 months pre-diagnosis, with 25%-40% of these patients having an abnormal test in the 'early half' of the diagnostic window. CONCLUSION: Population-level signals of bladder and renal cancer can be observed in abnormalities in commonly performed primary care blood tests up to 8 months before diagnosis, indicating the potential for earlier diagnosis in some patients
Magnetic Impurities in the Pnictide Superconductor BaKFeAs
NMR measurements have been performed on single crystals of
BaKFeAs (x = 0, 0.45) and CaFeAs grown from Sn
flux. The Ba-based pnictide crystals contain significant amounts of Sn in their
structure, %, giving rise to magnetic impurity effects evident in the
NMR spectrum and in the magnetization. Our experiments show that the large
impurity magnetization is broadly distributed on a microscopic scale,
generating substantial magnetic field gradients. There is a concomitant 20%
reduction in the transition temperature which is most likely due to magnetic
electron scattering. We suggest that the relative robustness of
superconductivity () in the presence of severe magnetic inhomogeneity
might be accounted for by strong spatial correlations between impurities on the
coherence length scale.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures (submitted to New Journal of Physics
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