FEATURES OF INVULERSE PENDULUM MODEL USING HIGH-SPEED RUN-UP IN JAVELIN THROWING

This study uses three-dimensional motion analysis to determine features of the throwing motion in male javelin throwers. Run-up speeds were compared and features of the inverse pendulum model were determined using three-dimensional motion analysis. The results showed that run-up speed correlated with throwing distance. As run-up speed increased, the pendulum angle at L-on enlarged and tilted backwards (p < .01) after the width of the pendulum increased during the double-support phase. We presumed that the enlarged backward tilt converted a large amount of energy to increase the speed of run-up at L-on

Changes of Coronary Blood Flow in Vasospastic Angina under Cold Stimulation by Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiography

This study was done to evaluate changes of microvascular function under cold stimulation by measuring coronary flow velocities (CFVs) in vasospastic angina (VA) patients using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE). 14 patients with VA and 15 healthy controls were included. CFVs were measured at the distal left anterior descending coronary artery by TTDE at baseline and under cold stimulation. Hyperemia was induced by intravenous adenosine infusion (140 µg/kg/min). At baseline, CFVs and coronary flow reserve (CFR) were not different between controls and VA patients. Under cold stimulation, the degree of increment of CFV with adenosine was lower in VA patients than in controls. Comparing baseline with cold stimulation, coronary flow reserve (CFR) increased (3.1±0.7 to 3.8±1.0, p=0.06) in controls. In contrast, in VA patients, CFR was decreased (2.8±0.9 to 2.6±0.7, p=0.05) and coronary vascular resistance index markedly increased (0.35 to 0.43, p=0.01). Throughout the study, no patient experienced chest pain or ECG changes. In VA patients, CFR was preserved at baseline, but coronary blood flow increase in response to cold stimulation was blunted and CFR was decreased. These findings suggest that endothelial dependent vasodilation is impaired at the coronary microvascular and the epicardial artery level in VA under cold stimulation

EGUIDE project and treatment guidelines

Background Clinical practice guidelines for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder have been published. However, these have not had sufficient penetration in clinical settings. We developed the Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in Psychiatric Treatment (EGUIDE) project as a dissemination and education programme for psychiatrists. Aims The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the EGUIDE project on the subjective clinical behaviour of psychiatrists in accordance with clinical practice guidelines before and 1 and 2 years after participation in the programmes. Method A total of 607 psychiatrists participated in this study during October 2016 and March 2019. They attended both 1-day educational programmes based on the clinical practice guidelines for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, and answered web questionnaires about their clinical behaviours before and 1 and 2 years after attending the programmes. We evaluated the changes in clinical behaviours in accordance with the clinical practice guidelines between before and 2 years after the programme. Results All of the scores for clinical behaviours in accordance with clinical practice guidelines were significantly improved after 1 and 2 years compared with before attending the programmes. There were no significant changes in any of the scores between 1 and 2 years after attending. Conclusions All clinical behaviours in accordance with clinical practice guidelines improved after attending the EGUIDE programme, and were maintained for at least 2 years. The EGUIDE project could contribute to improved guideline-based clinical behaviour among psychiatrists

Fluorescence imaging under background light with a self-reset complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor image sensor

The authors propose and demonstrate the fluorescence imaging of green fluorescence protein (GFP) expressed in a brain slice with a self-reset complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor image sensor under background light. By using a self-reset function to avoid pixel saturation, the weak fluorescence of GFP was successfully observed, even under background light. The result suggests that the sensor can be applied to in vivo imaging of laboratory animals during light–dark cycles, so that they can observe the different responses to bright and dark environments

Nitric Oxide-Mediated Flow-Dependent Dilation Is Impaired in Coronary Arteries in Patients With Coronary Spastic Angina

AbstractObjectives. This study sought to examine whether flow-dependent dilation is impaired at the site of coronary artery spasm in patients with coronary spastic angina.Background. Physiologic stimuli such as exercise and exposure to cold have been shown to cause an increase in coronary blood flow, leading to flow-dependent dilation of coronary arteries in normal subjects, but cause coronary constriction in patients with coronary spastic angina.Methods. A maximal increase in blood flow was induced selectively in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) by infusion of adenosine through a Doppler flow catheter tip in the midportion of the LAD in 10 patients with coronary spastic angina, all with angiographically demonstrated spasm of the LAD, and in 11 control patients. Coronary artery diameter at the proximal site of the LAD (exposed to increased flow but not to adenosine) was measured by quantitative angiography.Results. Flow-dependent dilation of the proximal LAD was found to be less in spasm arteries than in control arteries. Infusion of NG-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA) in the proximal LAD suppressed flow-dependent dilation in control arteries but had no significant effect on spasm arteries. The dilator response to nitroglycerin was not impaired in spasm coronary arteries.Conclusions. Our results indicate that flow-dependent coronary dilation is impaired in spasm arteries, partly due to a deficiency in endothelial nitric oxide bioactivity, which in turn may contribute to the increase in coronary tone during physiologic stimuli in patients with coronary spastic angina

A tailored tetravalent peptide displays dual functions to inhibit amyloid β production and aggregation

Multivalent peptide library screens identify a tetravalent peptide that binds APP and A β via multivalent interactions and reduces A β in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease model mice