Efectele utilizării plasmei bogate în trombocite în terapia plăgii postextracționale

Catedra de chirurgie OMF şi implantologie orală „Arsenie Guţan”, USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”Background. Platelet-enriched plasma (PRP) is a revolutionary autologous biomaterial that stimulates bone regeneration, enhances regenerative processes and postoperative wound healing, thus simplifying future implant-prosthetic rehabilitation. Objective of the study. Evaluation of PRP regeneration properties in postextractional wound regeneration. Material and Methods. The anamnestic data were collected for a 39-year-old patient, accusing throbbing pain at the level of tooth 3.8. The clinical examination- inspection and palpation and paraclinical examination-panoramic radiography and VAS test were performed. The diagnosis and treatment plan were established, as follows: extraction associated with PRP injection. Results. At the postoperative evaluation of the patient after 7 days of treatment, the intensity of pain according to the modified SAV method showed decreased values- from 4 to 1, the postextractional wound was completely healed, the level of regeneration was attested by the absence of dehiscence, presence of the pale pink epithelium, absence of the postoperative facial edema according to the craniometric points, the Celsius signs also were absent. Conclusion. The use of PRP biomaterial in wisdom tooth extraction is a minimally invasive method of tissue regeneration that reduces the rehabilitation period and prevents the occurrence of post-extraction complications.Introducere. Plasma îmbogățită în trombocite (PRP) reprezintă un biomaterial autolog revoluționar care stimulează regenerarea oasoasă, sporește procesele regeneratorii și cicatrizarea plăgii postoperatorii, astfel simplificând reabilitarea implanto-protetică pe viitor. Scopul lucrării. Evaluarea proprietăților de regenerare a PRP utilizate în tratamentul plăgii post-extracționale. Material și Metode. Au fost prelevate datele anamnestice ale unui pacient de 39 ani, care acuza dureri pulsatile la nivelul dintelui 3.8, fiind efectuat examenul clinic: inspecția și palparea și paraclinic : radiografia panoramică și testul SAV. În baza rezultatelor obținute, a fost stabilit diagnosticul și a fost elaborat planul de tratament: extracția dintelui 3.8 asociată cu injectarea de PRP. Rezultate. La evaluarea postoperatorie a pacientului după 7 zile de tratament, intensitatea durerii conform scării VAS modificată a demonstrat diminuarea valorilor: de la 4 la 1, plaga postextracțională a fost vindecată complet, nivelul regenerării a fost apreciat prin absența dehiscenței, prezența epiteliului de culoare roz-pală, absența edemului facial postoperator conform punctelor craniometrice și a semnelor celsiene. Concluzii. Utilizarea biomaterialului PRP în extracțiile dinților 8 reprezintă o metodă de regenerare tisulară minim-invazivă, care micșorează perioada de reabilitare și preîntâmpină apariția complicațiilor postextracționale

Trace metals dynamics in surface sediments investigated by DGT micro-scale measurements

International audienceIn surface sediments, metal mobility is controlled by the recruitment and turn-over of organic matter whereas sulphide is thought to control the concentration of metals in sediment pore water by removing them from the solution. DGT is a dynamic probe that measures the kinetically available fraction of metals or sulphide. DGT uses a credit card size probe inserted into the sediment that provides a snapshot of the metal distribution in the sediment, which can be uncovered by spectrochemical analytical techniques. In-situ vertical profiles and horizontal maps of trace metals at high (mm scale) and ultra-high resolution (100 $\mu$m) together with Fe, Mn and sulphide were generated from DGT probes deployed in surface sediments. Collectively, the results showed that besides vertical gradients, associated with the depletion of oxygen with depth and the degradation of organic matter by a succession of electron acceptors, small scale remobilisation of metals associated with sediment heterogeneity take place

Role of the sediments in scavenging inorganic contaminants in the Syr Daria River and the Small Aral Sea (Kazakhstan)

9-11 july 2008International audienceThis study is focused on the measurement and the behaviour of the inorganic pollutants in the Suspended Particulate Material (SPM) and the Bottom Sediments (BS) of the Syr Daria River in its Kazakh course, including its outlet in the Small Aral Sea. Two field campaigns were carried out during the low and the high water period. The results display that the current Syr Daria River sediments quality is influenced by several phenomena seasonally and locally controlled: carbonate precipitation, absorption by phytoplankton, scavenging by clay mineral, upstream ground leaching during the snow melting, various discharges (drainage canals, urban and industrial waste waters), connection with delta lakes during the flooding period and impact of the geochemical background. The study of the solid – liquid partition coefficients emphasizes the contrasted behaviour of trace elements with respect to different scavenging phases. As a result it appears that in spite of the mitigating action of the dam reservoirs, of the irrigated areas, of the overflow lakes and flood plains, the Aral Sea sediments are not completely preserved from the contamination

Application of an inverse neural network model for the identification of optimal amendment to reduce Copper toxicity in phytoremediated contaminated soils

International audienceArtificial neural network ANN prediction approaches applied to the modeling of soil behavior are often solved in the forward direction, by measuring the response of the soil (outputs) to a given set of soil inputs. Conversely, one may be interested in the assessment of a given set of soil inputs that leads to given (target) soil outputs. This is the inverse of the former problem. In this study, we develop and test an inverse artificial neural network model for the prediction of the optimal soil treatment to reduce copper (Cu) toxicity assessed by a given target concentration of Cu in dwarf bean leaves (BL) from selected soil inputs. In this study the inputs are the soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and a given target toxicity value of Cu, whereas the output is the best treatment to reduce the given toxicity level. It is shown that the proposed method can successfully identify the best soil treatment from the soil properties (inputs). Two important challenges for optimal treatment prediction using neural networks are the non-uniqueness of the solution of the inverse problem and the inaccuracies in the measurement of the soil properties (inputs). It is shown that the neural network prediction model proposed can overcome both these challenges. It is also shown that the proposed inverse neural network method can potentially be applied with a high level of success to the phytoremediation of contaminated soils. Before large-scale application, further validation is needed by performing several experiments and investigations including additional factors and their combinations to capture the complex soil behavior

Influence géomorphologique et structurale des sols sur le report hydrique : Conséquences sur le fonctionnement hydrique des sols et la biomasse en zone soudano-sahélienne

21-22 nov. 2007Cette étude démontre qu'en zone soudano-sahélienne, en année à pluviosité déficitaire, à différentes échelles, plusieurs facteurs physiques, chimiques et anthropiques des sols régissent le report hydrique, part bénéfique du ruissellement représentant "une irrigation naturelle, complémentaire et simultanée à la pluie qui l'a générée en fonction des conditions topographiques et micro morphologiques avec transfert complémentaire de fertilité ". En condition pluviale, l'encroûtement décroissant le long du versant favorise l'infiltration du report hydrique dans les unités de sol en bas de pente. A l'échelle du champ, il est encore maximisé par le micromodelé concave, par une compaction profonde moins forte et par le labour. L'augmentation des nutriments est de 13,4 à 10% et en éléments fins de 16,3 à 12,5% respectivement sous labour et grattage. Cette maximisation du report hydrique provoque un drainage significatif très localement. Sur les périmètres irrigués la salinisation renforce les facteurs de formation des croûtes et le ruissellement, réduisant drastiquement la capacité d'infiltration des sols. Il en résulte une limitation des réserves en eau utile malgré l'irrigation non contraignante. Ceci provoque une sécheresse édaphique. Dans ces deux conditions culturales cette baisse drastique des stocks hydriques due à la formation d'un encroûtement conduit à la réduction voire à l'annulation du rendement des cultures. Ces résultats montrent la difficulté qu'ont les chercheurs à expliquer la complexité du comportement et du fonctionnement hydrique sur l'ensemble d'un versant et à l'intérieur du champ pour comprendre la variabilité des rendements. L'identification, à l'échelle de la parcelle et sur le versant, des causes du ruissellement et du report hydrique et d'en mesurer l'effet sur la modification des stocks hydriques sur de faibles distances est nécessaire pour conceptualiser un aménagement raisonné, innovant et efficace des flux de surface

Risk assessment of pericoronitis in correlation with the position of the inferior third molar

Abstract Introduction. The inferior third molar is the most encountered impacted permanent tooth. Pericoronitis of the lower third molar is a term used to describe the inflammation around the crown of a tooth, usually of an incompletely erupted mandibular third molar. Mandibular molar impactions are usually mesioangular, distoangular, vertical, and horizontal. The position and type of the impaction may affect the development of pericoronitis. This study was conducted to assess the positions of the lower wisdom tooth as a risk factor for pericoronitis. Material and methods. The present study was conducted in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology „Arsenie Guțan”. A number of 120 patients were included in the study (66 women and 54 men) aged between 17-46 years old (mean 27±SD 6). All candidates were subjected to CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) scan and orthopantomography evaluation for a third molar position such as vertical, mesioangular, distoangular, and horizontal type. Data were stored in an Excel spreadsheet and then analyzed statistically using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Results. Based on the results of our study the greatest number of cases of pericoronitis was observed in the vertical position (92 cases) by Winter, followed by mesioangular position (24 cases) and distoangular position (4 cases). In the study we did not identify any patient with a horizontal position. By the classification of Pell and Gregory, most cases belonged to class I (73 cases). Third molars classified in position A (92 cases) had greater chance of pericoronitis when compared to those in B (24 cases) or C position (4 cases). Conclusions. As a result of a detailed analysis, vertical position of the lower third molar is more associated with the appearance of pericoronitis. Considering Pell and Gregory classification, position A is more associated with the occurrence of pericoronitis compared to the position B or C. The prophylactic removal of the lower third semi-erupted vertical molar, or which is situated in position A, is indicated to prevent pericoronitis

Microbiology of mandibular third molar pericoronitis

Department of Maxillo-facial Surgery and Oral Implantology Arsenie Gutan, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, The 8th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, September 24-26, 2020Introduction. Pericoronitis is an inflammatory and infectious condition that may accompany the eruption of teeth, especially the third molar, the microbial flora that develops in the distally located pseudopocket is the major etiological factor. This flora consists of obligate anaerobes, anaerobic and aerobic streptococci. Therapeutic management usually involves a combination of conservative and surgical treatment.Aim of the study. To establish the predominant microorganisms involved in the etiology of acute pericoronitis for a targeted antibiotic therapy. Materials and methods.. This explorative study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology „Arsenie Guțan” in collaboration with three private laboratories of medical investigations during October 2018 - December 2019. Pericoronal pockets of mandibular third molars from 23 patients showing symptoms of acute pericoronitis were sampled and subjected to microbiologic analysis. Results. In the majority of cases (15/23), the anaerobic flora predominated. Obligate anaerobes were present in 19 of the 23 samples. The bacteria most commonly detected were alphahemolytic streptococci (23/23), Prevotella (12/23), Veillonella (12/23). Amoxicillin and Cefixim were the most active in reducing the anaerobic cultivable counts. Besides obligate anaerobic bacteria, a predominantly pathogenic aerobic microflora was cultivated: Streptococcus viridans (78% of samples), Stomatococcus salivarius (71%), and Rothia dentocariosa (57%). Conclusions. These results highlight the diversity of the microflora associated with pericoronitis and their susceptibility can vary even within a species. As the anaerobic flora predominates, beta-lactame or any penicillins are highly recommended

Aquifer Biothermoremediation using Heat Pumps : sound theoretical basis and results on thermal, geochemical and biological impacts on aquifers

International audienceGeothermal heat pumps have been operated on aquifer over the past thirty years. Currently, these systems constitute a major sector of renewable energy development. However, this development is accompanied by several difficulties at scientific, technical and administrative levels, to describe short and long term interactions with aquifers, at both the local and regional scale, especially close to urbanized or industrialized areas. As a typical example, the long-term use of groundwater heat pumps for air conditioning of homes or buildings can induce significant increases in temperature of the aquifer, if, for given groundwater flow direction and rate, there is an imbalance between the demands for cooling and heating. Therefore, the aquifer (groundwater and sediments) can be affected. In fact, it is expected that a wide variety of geochemical reactions and microbiological changes with variable intensity should occur which depends on the sediment characteristics and hydrogeological background. The presence of organic pollutants in the aquifer can amplify these phenomena. The predictable results may progressively be: (i) precipitation, which reduces the porosity of the aquifer and/or the well productivity, (ii) an inappropriate temperature for the use of groundwater heat pumps for air conditioning, but also and especially (iii) pollutant bioremediation, which has a beneficial impact on the aquifer. Under certain conditions, this bio-thermo-remediation can be considered as an attractive option for some contaminated aquifers, taking into account the fact that, administratively in European countries, any action is subject to authorization. Notably in the framework of the collaborative project BIOTHERMEX (French Region Centre, convention n° 200800034163), exploratory studies were focused on three objectives: i) Improving the understanding of the concept of bio-thermo-remediation of aquifers by using effects induced by geothermal heat pumps. ii) examining realistic configurations, on a laboratory scale, pilot-scale and in-situ, in order to identify the most determining factors for possible (undesirable or helpful) aquifer impacts, e.g. temperature increase, bacterial development, organic pollutants degradation iii) evaluating if those configurations can present interests for bio-thermo-remediation of polluted aquifers by using heat pumps. A literature survey led to the consolidation of the basic principles of bio-thermo-remediation of most organic pollutants: increase in volatilization, solubility, degradation kinetics and mobility of the residual pure phases by reduction of their viscosity. The different heat pump systems and processes are discussed in the article, to identify what is suitable for bio-thermo-remediation. To reproduce the underground thermal conditions encountered in groundwater heat pumps systems (temperature range of water production from 10 to 25 °C, temperature range of water injection between 20 and 35 °C), batch-experiments, at laboratory and pilot scale have been carried out to investigate the impacts of the different parameters on the geochemical equilibrium (solubility, mobility, precipitation, dissolution, volatilization,) on the aquifer inorganic content and organic pollutants as well as on microbial populations activities. Two different sediments were used. Depending on the nature of the sediments and the water composition, the impacts are more significant: (i) thermally, with a low water flow rate, (ii) geochemically, with the high bicarbonate and Ca/Mg contents in water and (iii) biologically, with a organic contaminants contents in water. Some results from in-situ measurements (especially with an aquifer polluted by chlorinated solvents) are used to corroborate the conclusions. Even if the most part of the work is still in progress, the obtained results are validated by biogeochemical modelling. The combination of a low-enthalpy geothermal system using aquifer heat pumps (water pumping and re-injection) and remediation approaches appears to be an appropriate method to treat aquifers polluted by organic contaminants without use of any other way than the thermal energy