ESTIMATION DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL ASTER AND SRTM ACCURACY ON THE SELECTED AREAS OF POLAND

Dokładność numerycznych modeli terenu jest istotna ponieważ dane te są wykorzystywane w wielu dziedzinach życia. Ważne jest, by tak podstawowe informacje jak wysokość nad poziomem morza były wiarygodne oraz jak najdokładniejsze. W pracy odniesiono dwa modele wysokości: ASTER (The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model) oraz SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) do danych referencyjnych zebranych z map topograficznych w trzech regionach Polski (Równina Warmińska, Góry Świętokrzyskie, Tatry). Otrzymane wskaźniki błędu porównano i wykazano różnice w dokładności ww. modeli. Średni błąd absolutny modelu SRTM wynosił 3,84 m dla Równiny Warmińskiej, 5,65 m dla Gór Świętokrzyskich oraz 14,69 m dla Tatr, błąd modelu ASTER natomiast 6,89 m dla Równiny Warmińskiej, 8,73 m dla Gór Świętokrzyskich oraz 12,59 m dla Tatr. Wyniki zostały także porównane z dokładnością modeli SRTM i ASTER szacowaną przez producenta. Wykazano, że dokładność modeli dla badanych obszarów jest w dużym stopniu zgodna ze specyfikacją modeli.The accuracy of digital elevation models is important as the data they provide are commonly used in many applications. It is important that such basic information as the height above sea level is reliable and as accurate as possible. In this thesis I compared two digital surface models: ASTER (The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model) and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) to reference map data collected in three Polish regions (Równina Warmińska, The Świętokrzyskie Mountains and The Tatra Mountains). The error indicators obtained were compared and the differences in the accuracy of the above models were demonstrated. Errors for the SRTM DEM were 3,84 m for Równina Warmińska, 5,65 m for Świętokrzyskie Mountains and 14,69 m for Tatra Mountains, while for the ASTER DEM 6,89 m for Równina Warmińska, 8,73 m for Świętokrzyskie Mountains and 12,59 m for Tatra Mountains. The results were also compared with the accuracy estimated by the producers of the SRTM and ASTER models and they turned out to be similar in this regard

Markov chain for heart failure diagnostic decision model with irregular Thoracic Fluid Content measurements

Properties of results obtained on Markov processes analysis in medical applications have been illustrated. Calculation was done for measurement of Thoracic Fluid Content by means of impedance cardiograph for chosen medical patients population. Main medical aspect of Markov chain calculation has been underlined to exhibit some constraints in decision making with such math models. Markov chain analysis was done as optimization task. Effective algorithm for irregular data in continuous time has been proposed

Markov chain for heart failure diagnostic decision model with irregular Thoracic Fluid Content measurements

Properties of results obtained on Markov processes analysis in medical applications have been illustrated. Calculation was done for measurement of Thoracic Fluid Content by means of impedance cardiograph for chosen medical patients population. Main medical aspect of Markov chain calculation has been underlined to exhibit some constraints in decision making with such math models. Markov chain analysis was done as optimization task. Effective algorithm for irregular data in continuous time has been proposed

Comparison of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd and Pb concentration in spruce needles collected in the area of Gdansk and Gdynia in Northern Poland

The aim of the investigation was to assess the utility of spruce needles as a potential material to be used for monitoring the contamination level of the environment of Tricity agglomeration (represented by Gdansk and Gdynia). This aim was realized by determining the levels of selected essential elements indispensable for the life of living organisms, such as Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu, as well as toxic, namely Cd and Pb, in spruce needles collected in the locations in Gdynia and for comparison, in Gdańsk. Due to this, the collected samples of needles were dried, and next digested by microwave technique in order to prepare them for quantitative analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry. Moreover, the same metallic elements were determined in the soil samples collected under the spruces, from which needles were taken for the investigation. The concentrations of the studied elements were found in the range of mg/kg of dry mass in the following order: Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd (needles), and Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd (soils). By application of statistical methods (correlation, variance and principal component analyses), the differences in the elemental composition of spruce needles were identified, as well as sources of this differentiation

Experimental Verification of Single-Type Electron Population in Indium Tin Oxide Layers

Accurate determination of electronic transport properties of individual transparent conductive oxide layers, namely indium tin oxide (ITO), is essential for further development and design of photonic devices with ITO layer as a tunable ultrafast optoelectronic component. Precise magnetotransport measurements are here implemented to achieve carrier mobility distribution that gives insight into types and characteristics of carrier species. ITO thin films with various sheet resistance of ≈10, 75, and 350 Ω sq−1, respectively, are examined at near-room temperature. Unimodal mobility distribution is revealed in ITO films, independently on their resistivity, with no evidence of unseparated contributions from surface or interface states. The electron mobility varies depending on ITO's resistivity, ranging from 36.8 to 47.2 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 300 K. Importantly, no minority hole conduction is present. The ITO thin films exhibit solely bulk-like conduction with an absence of parallel conductions. In addition, the existence of single-type electron population in ITO that can be viewed as an important validation of exclusively donor-type defects and/or impurities contributing to total ITO conductivity is experimentally confirmed. These results indicate that ITO can be viewed as an integrated counterpart for photonic metadevices.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Multi-technique characterisation of InAs-on-GaAs wafers with circular defect pattern

The article presents the results of diameter mapping for circular-symmetric disturbance of homogeneity of epitaxially grown InAs (100) layers on GaAs substrates. The set of acceptors (beryllium) doped InAs epilayers was studied in order to evaluate the impact of Be doping on the 2-inch InAs-on-GaAs wafers quality. During the initial identification of size and shape of the circular pattern, non-destructive optical techniques were used, showing a 100% difference in average roughness between the wafer centre and its outer part. On the other hand, no volumetric (bulk) differences are detectable using Raman spectroscopy and highresolution X-ray diffraction. The correlation between Be doping level and circular defect pattern surface area has been found

InAs light-to-heavy hole effective mass ratio determined experimentally from mobility spectrum analysis

Careful selection of the physical model of the material for a specific doping and selected operating temperatures is a non-trivial task. In numerical simulations that optimize practical devices such as detectors or lasers architecture, this challenge can be very difficult. However, even for such a well-known material as a 5 μm thick layer of indium arsenide on a semiinsulating gallium arsenide substrate, choosing a realistic set of band structure parameters for valence bands is remarkable. Here, the authors test the applicability range of various models of the valence band geometry, using a series of InAs samples with varying levels of p-type doping. Carefully prepared and pretested the van der Pauw geometry samples have been used for magneto-transport data acquisition in the 20-300 K temperature range and magnetic fields up to ±15 T, combined with a mobility spectra analysis. It was shown that in a degenerate statistic regime, temperature trends of mobility for heavy- and light-holes are uncorrelated. It has also been shown that parameters of the valence band effective masses with warping effect inclusion should be used for selected acceptor dopant levels and range of temperatures