Synthesis of New 2H-Pyrano[3,2-h]quinolines With Potential Biological Activity

5-Halo-8-hydroxyquinoline-7-carboxaldehyde 1a,b reacted with diethyl malonate to afford ethyl 6-halo-2-oxo-2H-pyrano[3,2-h]quinoline-3-carboxylates  2a,b. Michael addition followed by cyclisation of acetyl  acetone with 2a,b gave 1-acetyl-11-halo-2-methyl-4H,5H,4,5-dioxo-dipyrano[3,4-c,3`,2`-h]quinoline derivatives 3a,b. Compounds 2a,b were converted into their acid hydrazide 4a,b. Reaction of 4a,b with acetyl acetone produced 6-halo-3-(3`,5`-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl)-2H-pyrano[3,2-h]quinolin-2-ones 5a,b. Treatment of acid hydrazides 4a,b with isatin yielded 1H,2H-3-(2H-6-halo-2-oxo-pyrano[3,2-h]quinolin-3-carboxyhydrazono)-2-indolinones 6a,b which on cyclisation with Conc. H2SO4 afforded 3-[1,3,4-oxadiazino(5,6-b)indol-2-yl]-6-halo-2H-pyrano[3,2-h]quinolin-2-ones 7a,b. The biological screening was showed that pyrano[3,2-h] quinoline derivatives which containing pyrazole and indoline moieties have excellent antibacterial and antifungal activities.   Keywords: Quinoline, 2H-pyrano[3,2-h]quinoline, 8-hydroxyquinoline,microbial activity

Single versus bilateral chordo-papillary apparatus preservation in mitral valve replacement: a hemodynamic study

Background: It has been postulated that disruption of the mitral valve apparatus at the time of mitral valve replacement (MVR) is a risk factor for postoperative ventricular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of single versus bilateral chordo-papillary preservation on the left ventricular function in comparison to no preservation. Methods: This study was conducted from 2015 to 2018 on sixty patients who had MVR. The patients were classified into group I included 20 patients who underwent MVR with complete excision of the subvalvular chordae and tips of papillary muscles, group II: included 20 patients who underwent MVR with preservation of posterior chordo-papillary apparatus, and group III: included 20 patients who underwent MVR with preservation of both posterior and anterior chordo-papillary apparatus. Results: There were 20 males (33.3%), and the mean age was 48.76± 8.91 years. Patients in group III were significantly older (37.15 ±4.92, 39.8 ± 5.49, and 57.25 ± 6.93 years in groups I, II, and III, respectively; p< 0.001). The left ventricular end-diastolic (5.40 ±0.34, 4.96 ± 0.43, and 4.44 ± 0.55 mm in group I, II and III, respectively, p<0.001) and end-systolic diameter (4.33 ±0.48, 3.58 ±0.43 and 3.20 ±0.43 mm in group I, II and III; respectively, p<0.001) were significantly reduced in partial and complete preservation groups after 6 months. Left ventricular ejection fraction improved in the bilateral preservation and partial preservation groups after 6 months (45.32 ±9.78, 56.79 ±10.14, and 56.60 ±11.68 % in groups I, II and III respectively, p<0.001). Mechanical ventilation was significantly longer in group I (24.10 ± 6.6, 16.80 ± 5.97, and 15.80 ± 5.24 hours in groups I, II and III, respectively, p<0.001) and the duration of ICU stay was significantly longer in group I (78.65 ± 15.32, 65.40 ± 14.21, and 60.20 ± 12.58 hours in groups I, II and III, respectively, p<0.001). Conclusion: Preservation of the annulo-papillary continuity may preserve left ventricular geometry and performance. Total preservation of chordae could be superior to partial preservation with better left ventricular remodeling and improvement in the left ventricular functions

Numerical computation of Mityuk's function and radius for circular-radial slit domains

We consider Mityuk's function and radius which have been proposed in \cite{Mit} as generalizations of the reduced modulus and conformal radius to the cases of multiply connected domains. We present a numerical method to compute Mityuk's function and radius for canonical domains that consist of the unit disk with circular/radial slits. Our method is based on the boundary integral equation with the generalized Neumann kernel. Special attention is given to the validation of the theoretical results on the existence of critical points and the boundary behavior of Mityuk's radius

Numerical computation of preimage domain and condenser capacity for a strip with rectilinear slits

Let $S$ be a strip in ${\mathbb{C}}$ and let $E\subset S$ be a union of disjoint segments. For the domain $S \setminus E$, we construct a numerical conformal mapping onto a domain bordered by smooth Jordan curves. To this aim, we use the boundary integral equation method from [19]. In particular, we apply this method to study the conformal capacity of the condenser $(S, E).$ Numerical experiments on several model problems show that our method is able to reach a very high level of precision when estimating the condenser capacity

The Motion of a Point Vortex in Multiply Connected Polygonal Domains

We study the motion of a single point vortex in simply and multiply connected polygonal domains. In case of multiply connected domains, the polygonal obstacles can be viewed as the cross-sections of 3D polygonal cylinders. First, we utilize conformal mappings to transfer the polygonal domains onto circular domains. Then, we employ the Schottky-Klein prime function to compute the Hamiltonian governing the point vortex motion in circular domains. We compare between the topological structures of the contour lines of the Hamiltonian in symmetric and asymmetric domains. Special attention is paid to the interaction of point vortex trajectories with the polygonal obstacles. In this context, we discuss the effect of symmetry breaking, and obstacle location and shape on the behavior of vortex motion

Epidemiological study of risk factors in pediatric asthma

Background: Childhood asthma is a major public health problem in Egypt and worldwide. Epidemiologic, physiologic, and social factors appear to be associated with an increased risk of asthma. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the most frequent risk factors of childhood asthma exacerbation and severity in our community. Methods: This cross sectional study involved 206 asthmatic children, 5 to 15 years old. They were enrolled from the School Students Health Insurance facility of El-Matareya Teaching Hospital and from the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic of Saint Mark Charity Hospital representing several social and residential classes. They were assessed clinically and by peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Parents of children were interviewed for symptoms and some demographic, social, environmental, housing and familial data as well as asthma triggers through a comprehensive detailed questionnaire. Results: Residential distribution and social status were significantly associated with asthma severity as most moderate persistent asthmatics lived in semi-urban areas (70.8%) and belonged to the low-level segment of social classification (47.9%). In the majority of the study population (69.9%), a family member or more had a positive history of bronchial asthma, and this was especially evident in moderate persistent cases (70.8%). Passive smoking and dust triggered exacerbations in 48.6% and 65% of the studied sample respectively and in most moderate persistent asthmatics (83.4% and 93.7%). Most houses of moderate asthmatics were infested with cockroaches (91.7%) and domestic animals were present in 56.2%. Recurrent chest infections and cold/flu attacks were strongly associated with asthma exacerbation and severity (93.8% and 93.7% of moderate persistent cases respectively). Most moderate persistent asthmatics (91.7%) reported exercise-induced asthma while 64.6% stated that emotional stress triggered their symptoms. Indoor pollutants such as insecticides, household chemicals and odors were strongly associated with asthma severity and exacerbation especially in moderate persistent cases (triggered symptoms in 66.7%, 52.1% and 58.3% of cases respectively). Conclusion: Smoking, emotional stress and dust were the most significant triggers of asthma exacerbation and severity in our series. Identification and avoidance of risk factors for persistent asthma, combined with early institution of pharmacologic and other intervention strategies, may lead to a better outcome.Keywords: asthma severity; asthma triggers; children; residence; risk factors; smoking; social statusEgypt J Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2007; 5(1): 11-1

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Grapefruit Juice on Ulcerative Colitis induced by Acetic Acid in Rats

Grapefruit is commonly consumed around the world due to its nutritional and medicinal properties. Ulcerative colitis (UC) accounts for an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) accompanied by irritation, recurrent inflammation, and ulceration of the colon's mucosa. Our objective was to assess the antiinflammatory and antioxidant impacts of grapefruit juice (GFJ) in rat with UC induced by acetic acid (AA). There were five groups made up of 35 mature male rats. Group 2 served as a positive control with UC, whereas group 1 was preserved as a negative control. For 8 weeks, groups 3, 4, and 5 received UC while also given 2.5, 5 or 10% of GFJ orally. Feed efficiency ratio (FER), body weight growth (BWG), and feed intake (FI) were computed. From rat eye orbital plexuses blood samples were taken to separate the serum after centrifugation.  The aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity were assessed utilizing serum samples. The antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were quantified. Serum inflammatory cytokines as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 1 β (IL1 β), IL6 and IL8, as well as triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were measured. In liver homogenate, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. Additionally, histopathology of the colon was accomplished. Our findings specified that GFJ at 10% significantly decreased FI, BWG and FER, cytokines TNFα, IL1 β, IL6 and IL8 and TC and TG. Relative to the positive controls, the rats treated with GFJ exhibited elevated serum concentrations of SOD, GPx, and CAT enzymes. Liver GSH was elevated and MDA was reduced. Histopathological examination of the colon showed that GFJ at 10% reduced ulcerative colitis. Because grapefruit juice has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics and reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in rats, grapefruit juice, at a concentration of 10%, likely protects against ulcerative colitis. Patients with ulcerative colitis may find it helpful to consume grapefruit juice as a beverage.&nbsp