Nomenclature Change for Cataloguers and the Future of Cataloguing

This paper examines nomenclature change for cataloguers and the future of cataloguing. Cataloguers are a valuable subset of the library professionals that provide critical but behind the scene services to libraries and the users. Even in this time of change it seems hard to imagine that even with cataloguing there has been an evolution. This evolution is changing the job profile of cataloguers thereby bringing along with it nomenclature change. There is therefore no question that the art of cataloguing and the role of its practitioners are evolving. The study finds out that the term cataloguer is changing to catalinkers, metaloguers or even making them information ninjas. The paper concludes that cataloguing will remain a part of the library but may be called something different to better describe what it does. The importance of cataloguing will neither fade nor will their skills set thrown away. Keywords: Cataloguers, Cataloguing, Nomenclature Change, Catalinker, Metadata Librarian, Metaloguer, Telecataloguing, Information Ninja

Information Literacy: A New Frontier of Learning for Librarians, Educators and Students in the 21st Century

This paper discusses information literacy as a new frontier of learning for librarians, educators and students in the 21st century. It examines the meaning while taking a cursory look at the instructional process. The paper highlights some definitions of information literacy by authors and corporate bodies. The difference between information technology and information literacy was briefly analysed. The challenges of the 21st century education in the information world were enumerated as it affects the students, teachers and librarians. The paper indicates that librarians have over the course of their work life been conversant with teaching students and faculty on how to get needed information for their research investigations and as such are better suited to teach information literacy. It recommends that as librarians and educators collaborate to promote information literacy, they can help each other, and the learners [students] they serve, to find the best way to bypass vast wastelands. Keywords: Information Literacy, Librarians, Literacy, Educators, Students and 21st Centur

The Imperatives of Classifying Legal Materials using Moys Classification Scheme in Nigerian Law Libraries

This paper discusses Moys Classification Scheme. It reviews the problems associated with classifying law books and highlights the reason for the late entrance of classification of law library collections in librarianship. The basic structure of the scheme was discussed in line with how the scheme is used for classifying legal materials. The paper observes that the advantage of the Scheme over other schemes apart from its arrangement of materials in a way that reflects the way lawyers think about legal materials is its provision of class KP for own country. It also states that in line with the directive and mandate of the Council on Legal Education many academic law libraries in Nigeria have adopted the scheme to organize their resources. The paper concludes that as a result of the unique nature, inherent qualities and coverage of the scheme, it is more suitable for legal materials in law libraries in Nigeria. Keywords: Classification, Moys Classification Scheme, Legal Materials, Law Libraries, Nigeria

Optimal Analysis of Packaging Products of MAHEU Plant in Intafact Beverages Limited Using GPALS and MATLAB Optimization Software

This work focused on the optimization of the two packaging products; Supershake and Chibuku made up of three and two parts respectively. Copolymer polypropylene and white or colored batch materials are the two raw materials needed to produce the two packaging products. The manufacturing plan was developed for the organization. The production inputs of 1.11, 6.67, 15.78, 2.47 and 7.70 units were generated as the objective function coefficients; 308 hours per month for day shift and 364 hours per month for night shift were established. Production time of 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 12 second, 10 seconds and 12 seconds per unit of the five parts were established. The manufacturing constraints in terms of machine capacities, material availability, time and labour were extensively used to develop an integer linear programming model to obtain the optimum quantities of each part that will yield the maximum profit. The developed model was analyzed with GPALS and MATLAB optimization solver to obtain results for the linear programming model which gave a monthly production net profit of N3,751,932. A decision support system was developed for the manufacturing planning to assist the management of Maheu plant in Intafact Beverages Limited in decision making. The model is now being used in the manufacturing plan of the company and also recommended for application in organizations with similar production inputs. Keywords: Manufacturing plan, Production inputs, Manufacturing constraints,  Optimization, Profit and Decision makin

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Pancreatic tumors exhibit myeloid-driven amino acid stress and upregulate arginine biosynthesis

Nutrient stress in the tumor microenvironment requires cancer cells to adopt adaptive metabolic programs for survival and proliferation. Therefore, knowledge of microenvironmental nutrient levels and how cancer cells cope with such nutrition is critical to understand the metabolism underpinning cancer cell biology. Previously, we performed quantitative metabolomics of the interstitial fluid (the local perfusate) of murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors to comprehensively characterize nutrient availability in the microenvironment of these tumors. Here, we develop Tumor Interstitial Fluid Medium (TIFM), a cell culture medium that contains nutrient levels representative of the PDAC microenvironment, enabling us to study PDAC metabolism ex vivo under physiological nutrient conditions. We show that PDAC cells cultured in TIFM adopt a cellular state closer to that of PDAC cells present in tumors compared to standard culture models. Further, using the TIFM model, we found arginine biosynthesis is active in PDAC and allows PDAC cells to maintain levels of this amino acid despite microenvironmental arginine depletion. We also show that myeloid derived arginase activity is largely responsible for the low levels of arginine in PDAC tumors. Altogether, these data indicate that nutrient availability in tumors is an important determinant of cancer cell metabolism and behavior, and cell culture models that incorporate physiological nutrient availability have improved fidelity to in vivo systems and enable the discovery of novel cancer metabolic phenotypes