The New Visual Testimonial: Narrative, Authenticity, and Subjectivity in Emerging Commercial Photographic Practice

By studying the cultural and aesthetic impact of increasingly pervasive digital technologies and mass amateurization, this paper examines the ramifications of the networked information economy on professional photographic practice and considers the concomitant implications for the photographic classroom. Using the framework of convergence culture as per the writings of Yochai Benkler, Henry Jenkins, Mark Deuze, and Axel Bruns, the impact of accessible and instantaneous image creation and dispersal are explored. Given the rise of consumer engagement in brand co-creation on social media platforms, we can observe massive changes to professional practice in areas such as aesthetics, and the erosion of previous sustainable business models. Indeed, as traditional notions of “expertise” shift from technological prowess to narrative and disseminative abilities, the effects on commercial practice and photographic education need to be addressed. This paper argues that there are three emerging priorities for commercial image use: narrative ability, authenticity, and subjectivity and suggests initial steps in their pedagogical application. By acknowledging these transformations, this paper explores the idea that students need to harness technique, social media influence, adaptability, subjectivity, and storytelling power in order to better serve emerging image-based needs in commercial spaces

Cytoplasmic controls of storage protein synthesis in pea (Pisum sativum L.)

The in vitro translation of pea storage protein subunits was investigated using four polysome driven cell-free systems, derived from wheat-germ, reticulocyte lysate, pea axes and pea cotyledons. Re-initiation of protein synthesis occurred in each of the systems and accounted for about 25%, 34%, 44% and up to 45% of protein synthesis in the polysomes driven wheat-germ, cotyledon, axes and reticulocyte lysate systems respectively. The polysome translation products of all the systems were very similar and vicilin 50,000 and 47,000 mol.wt. polypeptides, convicilin 70,000 mol.wt. polypeptide, and legumin precursor of 60,000 mol.wt. were shown to be synthesised using immuno precipitation techniques and by comparing the QNBr cleavage products of in vitro and in vivo synthesised polypeptides. Modification of the vicilin 50,000 and 47,000 mol.wt. polypeptides occurred by the removal of short amino acid sequences, when microsomal membranes were present in the cell-free system, although sequestering of the synthesised polypeptides into membrane-bound vesicles could not be demonstrated. Hhe plant derived cell-free systems were capable of a limited amount of polypeptide modification, which was absent from the reticulocyte lysate system. cDNAs mRNA hybridisation techniques were employed in a study of the abundance and complexity of the mRNA population of pea cotyledons at three seed developmental stages, (9, 14, and 19 daf). An increase in very abundant mRNAs was noted between 9 and 14 day stages (up to 5 mRNAs), during which time rapid storage protein accumulation commences, while a progressive decrease in the number of rare RNAs was apparent during development. Preliminary investigations into the proportion of single-copy DNA, and of nuclear poly (A) (^+)-RNA, present in the polyscmal poly(A)(^+)-RNA were carried out; approximately 5% of single-copy DNA was transcribed into the polysomal poly (A)(^+)-RNA of cotyledons, (at 14 daf), and approximately 50% of nuclear poly (A)(^+)-RNA may be present in polysomal poly(A) (^+)-DNA of cotyledons at 9 daf

A Qualitative Descriptive Study: Exploring Organizational Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in the Workplace for Individuals with a History of Criminal Behavior

Individuals with a history of criminal behavior often experience difficulties finding employment once labeled a criminal by society. Maintaining stable employment post-release has been found to lower recidivism rates, thus supporting safer communities. In concert, positive experiences with equity and inclusion in the workplace have further been found to support stronger social identities and belonging in the workplace. Currently, no study has specifically examined the impact of organizational justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion implementation and practices in the workplace among individuals with a history of criminal behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to better understand the phenomena of organizational justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace through the lived experiences of individuals with a history of criminal behavior. This study attempted to bridge this theoretical gap through the explication of participants\u27 open-ended survey responses. Among individuals who reported contact with the criminal justice system, findings indicate an overarching theme of ongoing career challenges in regard to acquiring and maintaining employment post-contact, with varying experiences with equitable experiences, unfair experiences, and levels of inclusion in the participants’ workplaces

Connecting probability

Where does the topic of probability fit with maths curriculum? It is often the topic squeezed into the end of a busy year but it can effectively be connected into many if not all mathematics topics across the secondary year levels

Obstetrician-assessed maternal health at pregnancy predicts offspring future health

Background: We aimed to examine the association between obstetrician assessment of maternal physical health at the time of pregnancy and offspring cardiovascular disease risk.<p></p> Methods and Principal Findings: We examined this association in a birth cohort of 11,106 individuals, with 245,000 person years of follow-up. We were concerned that any associations might be explained by residual confounding, particularly by family socioeconomic position. In order to explore this we used multivariable regression models in which we adjusted for a range of indicators of socioeconomic position and we explored the specificity of the association. Specificity of association was explored by examining associations with other health related outcomes. Maternal physical health was associated with cardiovascular disease: adjusted (socioeconomic position, complications of pregnancy, birthweight and childhood growth at mean age 5) hazard ratio comparing those described as having poor or very poor health at the time of pregnancy to those with good or very good health was 1.55 (95%CI: 1.05, 2.28) for coronary heart disease, 1.91 (95%CI: 0.99, 3.67) for stroke and 1.57 (95%CI: 1.13, 2.18) for either coronary heart disease or stroke. However, this association was not specific. There were strong associations for other outcomes that are known to be related to socioeconomic position (3.61 (95%CI: 1.04, 12.55) for lung cancer and 1.28 (95%CI:1.03, 1.58) for unintentional injury), but not for breast cancer (1.10 (95%CI:0.48, 2.53)).<p></p> Conclusions and Significance: These findings demonstrate that a simple assessment of physical health (based on the appearance of eyes, skin, hair and teeth) of mothers at the time of pregnancy is a strong indicator of the future health risk of their offspring for common conditions that are associated with poor socioeconomic position and unhealthy behaviours. They do not support a specific biological link between maternal health across her life course and future risk of cardiovascular disease in her offspring.<p></p&gt

Cognitive control: Easy to identify but hard to define

Cognitive control is easy to identify in its effects, but difficult to grasp conceptually. This creates somewhat of a puzzle: Is cognitive control a bona fide process or an epiphenomenon that merely exists in the mind of the observer? The topiCS special edition on cognitive control presents a broad set of perspectives on this issue and helps to clarify central conceptual and empirical challenges confronting the field. Our commentary provides a summary of and critical response to each of the papers. © 2011 Cognitive Science Society, Inc

Friends of Hot Jupiters II: No Correspondence Between Hot-Jupiter Spin-Orbit Misalignment and the Incidence of Directly Imaged Stellar Companions

Multi-star systems are common, yet little is known about a stellar companion's influence on the formation and evolution of planetary systems. For instance, stellar companions may have facilitated the inward migration of hot Jupiters towards to their present day positions. Many observed short period gas giant planets also have orbits that are misaligned with respect to their star's spin axis, which has also been attributed to the presence of a massive outer companion on a non-coplanar orbit. We present the results of a multi-band direct imaging survey using Keck NIRC2 to measure the fraction of short period gas giant planets found in multi-star systems. Over three years, we completed a survey of 50 targets ("Friends of Hot Jupiters") with 27 targets showing some signature of multi-body interaction (misaligned or eccentric orbits) and 23 targets in a control sample (well-aligned and circular orbits). We report the masses, projected separations, and confirmed common proper motion for the 19 stellar companions found around 17 stars. Correcting for survey incompleteness, we report companion fractions of $48\%\pm9\%$, $47\%\pm12\%$, and $51\%\pm13\%$ in our total, misaligned/eccentric, and control samples, respectively. This total stellar companion fraction is $2.8\,\sigma$ larger than the fraction of field stars with companions approximately $50-2000\,$AU. We observe no correlation between misaligned/eccentric hot Jupiter systems and the incidence of stellar companions. Combining this result with our previous radial velocity survey, we determine that $72\% \pm 16\%$ of hot Jupiters are part of multi-planet and/or multi-star systems.Comment: typos and references updated; 25 pages, 7 figures and 10 tables, accepted for publication in Ap

Discussion: “Comparison of Statistical Methods for Assessing Spatial Correlations Between Maps of Different Arterial Properties” (Rowland, E. M., Mohamied, Y., Chooi, K. Y., Bailey, E. L., and Weinberg, P. D., 2015, ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 137(10), p. 101003): An Alternative Approach Using Segmentation Based on Local Hemodynamics

The biological response of living arteries to mechanical forces is an important component of the atherosclerotic process and is responsible, at least in part, for the well-recognized spatial variation in atherosusceptibility in man. Experiments to elucidate this response often generate maps of force and response variables over the arterial surface, from which the force–response relationship is sought. Rowland et al. discussed several statistical approaches to the spatial autocorrelation that confounds the analysis of such maps and applied them to maps of hemodynamic stress and vascular response obtained by averaging these variables in multiple animals. Here, we point out an alternative approach, in which discrete surface regions are defined by the hemodynamic stress levels they experience, and the stress and response in each animal are treated separately. This approach, applied properly, is insensitive to autocorrelation and less sensitive to the effect of confounding hemodynamic variables. The analysis suggests an inverse relation between permeability and shear that differs from that in Rowland et al. Possible sources of this difference are suggested

Sixty-Eight Previously Uncollected Reviews of Walt Whitman

Lists sixty-eight previously uncollected reviews of Whitman\u27s work published during his lifetime, and reprints thirty-eight of these newly discovered documents; with an introduction (1-7) and notes (70-76)