Academic bullies leave no trace

Bullying in academic science is a growing concern. It may vary in severity from insults, snubs, or invasions of privacy to violations of intellectual property and unfair crediting of authors. In extreme cases it may even include coercing lab workers to sign away rights to authorship or even intellectual property. Cumbersome institutional protocols and fears of reprisal may discourage targets of bullying from reporting such incidents; lab workers in the US on visas may feel especially vulnerable. Possible strategies to combat bullying include detailed examination of relevant documentation for signs of coercion or inaccuracy and specific training on reporting for those at risk of abuse

A Bargaining Game model for performance assessment in network DEA considering sub-networks:A real case study in Banking

Several network-data envelopment analysis (DEA) performance assessment models have been proposed in the literature; however, the conflicts between stages and insufficient number of decision-making units (DMUs) challenge the researchers. In this paper, a novel game-DEA model is proposed for efficiency assessment of network structure DMUs. We propose a two-stage modeling, where in the first stage network is divided into several sub-networks; we at the same time categorize input variables to measure efficiency of sub-networks within each input category. In the second stage, we calculate efficiency of the network by aggregating efficiency scores of sub-networks within each category. In this way, the issue of insufficient number of DMUs when there are many input/output variables can be handled as well. One of the main contributions of this paper is assuming each category and stage as a player in Nash bargaining game. Using the concept borrowed from Nash bargaining game model, the proposed game-DEA model tries to maximize distances of efficiency scores of each player form their corresponding breakdown points. The usefulness of the model is presented using a real case study to measure the efficiency of bank branches

The effect of triage training on based on stabilization model on nurse's satisfaction in emergency ward: a clinical trial

زمینه و هدف: تریاژ یکی از مهمترین عملکردهای بالینی پرستاران بخش اورژانس می باشد که تسلط یافتن به این عملکرد می تواند روند تثبیت موقعیت را در این بخش در پی داشته باشد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش تریاژ مبتنی بر مدل تثبیت موقعیت، بر رضایت شغلی پرستاران انجام شده است. روش‌ بررسی: در این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی که به صورت نیمه تجربی در سال 1392 انجام شد، 34 پرستار مرد بخش اورژانس بیمارستان نظامی منتخب که مسئول انجام تریاژ بودند، وارد مطالعه شدند و رضایت شغلی آنان قبل از مداخله ثبت گردید. سپس آموزش تریاژ با استفاده از وسایل کمک آموزشی (اسلاید و پمفلیت) و همچنین به صورت آموزش چهره به چهره به مدت یک هفته، به پرستاران دخیل در تریاژ داده شد و تریاژ به شیوه علمی با حضور محقق طی یک هفته انجام شد. پس از یک هفته مجدداً رضایت شغلی شرکت کنندگان در مطالعه ثبت شد. یافته ها: رضایت شغلی پرستاران شرکت کننده در مطالعه بعد از انجام مداخله آموزش تریاژ مبتنی بر مدل تثبیت موقعیت افزایش یافت. به طوری که قبل از مداخله میزان رضایت شغلی آنان 00/13±00/68 بود که پس از مداخله به 80/11±44/71 تغییر یافت و این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار بود (01/0>P). همچنین رضایت شغلی با سابقه کار پرستاری و وضعیت تأهل ارتباط معنی داری داشت (05/0>P). نتیجه‌گیری: در این مطالعه آموزش تریاژ به عنوان یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار بر رضایت شغلی پرستاران معرفی گردید؛ لذا بر آموزش پرستاران در زمینه های تخصصی خصوصاً تریاژ تأکید می گردد

The need for the development of discipline-specific approaches to address academic bullying

Background It is now well-documented that academic bullying, mainly driven by power differences, affects all disci-plines and academic people with various positions (from students to senior faculty) of all levels of experience. Our aim is to probe whether academic bullying, in its specific forms, manifests differently across disciplines. Methods We analyzed discipline-specific data from our global survey on academic bullying, which was collected since November 2019. The survey was a cross-sectional global study that was administered via Qualtrics. It reflects responses from 2122 individuals whose participation was solicited through various means including advertisements in Science and Nature magazines and the American Chemical Society. Findings The main finding is that academic bullying does not affect all scientific fields equally. Our cross-sectional global survey of targets of academic bullying indicates that bullying behavior depended strongly on the scientific dis-cipline. Specifically, our comparison of the three major scientific categories, including Applied Sciences, Natural Sci-ences, and Social Sciences revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in four (out of ten) of the contextual behaviors. Further comparison of the bullying behavior among specific disciplines (e.g., Chemistry, Engineering, Life Sciences, Neuroscience, and Social Sciences) revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in five of the contextual behaviors. We also noticed that, among the top five disciplines analyzed, respondents in Engineering experienced the highest rate of bullying behaviors. Interpretation The variation in contextual bullying behavior across disciplines suggests the need for specific and nuanced training, monitoring, and actions by stakeholders in addressing academic bullying in a context-specific manner.Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd

Application of Fuzzy Modelling to Predict Construction Projects Cash Flow

Construction project managers are always looking for methods for forecasting future projects and preventing of potential delays in the project. One of the most crucial requirements of construction project managers and financial planners is awareness of project cash flow and financial status. On the other hand, the unique properties of construction projects with uncertainties such as activity duration, the variability of resources, material costs and also ambiguity in the employer’s payments are factors that have an effect on the correct prediction of project cash flow. Hence, the project team should examine project cash flow under uncertainty environment. There are many approaches for considering uncertainty such as fuzzy sets, interval theory, rough and grey system. But the most well-known approach is fuzzy sets which has wide applications in engineering and management. Hence in this paper, we proposed a new method for forecasting project cash flow under fuzzy environment. Finally, the proposed method was applied on an “Engineering, Procurement and Construction” (EPC) project and it is demonstrated that the proposed model has a high performance in the prediction of project cash flow

The absence of legal remedies following academic bullying

Currently, victims of discrimination and sexual harassment have institutional reporting systems and legal remedies which support them in finding justice for these crimes. However, victims of academic bullying, who suffer similar repercussions, have no legal or institutional remedies. Because academic bullying is not a crime, targets often suffer in silence because there is no recourse. It is time for institutions to ask for governmental support to create legislation, similar to that for sexual harassment and discrimination, which will bring justice to academic bullies and relief to their victims. In the absence of legislation, institutions should create reporting procedures and educational programs which mirror those they have in place for sexual harassment and discrimination

COVID-19 pandemic may fuel academic bullying

The COVID-19 pandemic may exacerbate factors influencing abusive workplace behaviors in general such as psychological health, economic and social inequities. This is true in academic and research environments where we can expect to see an increase in the incidence of academic bullying. Research and experience shows that academic bullying will have significant and enduring negative effects on scientific integrity and academic health. In this perspective piece we will explore the potential facilitative influence of COVID-19 and specifically responses to it, on bullying behaviors in academic and research environments

The effect of physiologic dose of intravenous hydrocortisone in patients with refractory septic shock: a randomized control trial

Objective: Septic shock is a response to infection and tissue hypoperfusion which does not respond to fluid therapy and eventually leads to organ dysfunction. Aggressive treatment of a broad-spectrum antimicrobial and supportive measures are the cornerstones of successful treatment. In addition to the main treatment, there are adjunctive therapies. Steroids are one of the treatments which have been studied in the management of refractory septic shock. Despite numerous studies on the role of steroids in the mortality of severe sepsis and septic shock, still lots of controversies exist. These conflicts are often about the steroid dose and duration of administration. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized-controlled, two-group assignment study. Patients referred to Imam Reza (AS) hospital in Mashhad who had refractory septic shock criteria were randomly divided into two groups: 80 patients were included in each group. After obtaining the baseline cortisol level and cosyntropin test, one group was treated with intravenous hydrocortisone, and the other group was treated with placebo. The response to hydrocortisone, the return of shock duration, and mortality at 28 days were investigated. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. For the normally distributed variables, a t test was used for comparisons. Concerning qualitative variables, the chisquare test or Fisher exact test were applied accordingly. Results: The return of shock duration and mortality in intervention group patients was more than control group, but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Despite numerous studies in this field, there are various outcomes (mortality rate, rate of return of shock, time of return of shock). These differences can be attributed to high degree of heterogeneity. Perhaps considering the underlying disease and more differentiation could change the return of shock and mortality rate. Keywords: Hydrocortisone, Septic shock, Adrenal insufficiency, Cortiso