The effect of product mix and price on increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company

The goal of the present study is to study the effect of product mix and price on increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company. Thus, besides a review of the concepts of product mix and price, a main hypothesis was posed regarding the effect of product mix and price on increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company and two minor hypotheses were posed on the effects of each of the mixes in isolation on increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company in Ardebil. The statistical population for this research included all customers of Butane Company in Ardebil. The statistical sample was selected by using the table determining the volume in limited populations and they were determined to be 160 persons who were chosen by using a random rank sampling method. To collect the data, we have used a questionnaire whose validity was approved formally and its reliability was approved by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to analyze the data, we have used Kolmogorov-Smirnov's, t, and an independent population tests. Results showed that product mix and price affect the increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company. Also the priority of effect is for product and price, respectively

The effect of product mix and price on increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company

The goal of the present study is to study the effect of product mix and price on increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company. Thus, besides a review of the concepts of product mix and price, a main hypothesis was posed regarding the effect of product mix and price on increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company and two minor hypotheses were posed on the effects of each of the mixes in isolation on increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company in Ardebil. The statistical population for this research included all customers of Butane Company in Ardebil. The statistical sample was selected by using the table determining the volume in limited populations and they were determined to be 160 persons who were chosen by using a random rank sampling method. To collect the data, we have used a questionnaire whose validity was approved formally and its reliability was approved by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to analyze the data, we have used Kolmogorov-Smirnov's, t, and an independent population tests. Results showed that product mix and price affect the increasing sales of products manufactured in Butane Company. Also the priority of effect is for product and price, respectively

Bispiraloconulus serbicus Schlagintweit, Bucur & Sudar, 2019 (arborescentni Bentoski foraminifer) i Torremiroella hispanica Brun & Canérot,1979 iz gornjobaremskog sedimentnog basena Kopet-Dag (SI Iran) i njihove paleobiogeografske revizije

During micropaleontological investigations on the Lower Cretaceous successions of the Tirgan Formation in Kopet-Dagh sedimentary basin, some new achievements are yielded. In this regards, the first occurrence of Bispiraloconulus serbicus Schlagintweit, Bucur & Sudar in close association with Torremiroella hispanica Brun & Canérot is reported for the first time from the Upper Barremian of Kopet-Dagh sedimentary basin (NE Iran). The biostratigraphic investigations were carried out on a 197.5 m thick Gelian stratigraphic succession cropping out along the Tirgan Formation located 35 km southwest of Shirvan town. This study reviews the palaeogeographical distribution and age of Bispiraloconulus serbicus Schlagintweit, Bucur& Sudar and Torremiroella hispanica Brun & Canérot along the northern Tethyan margins and extends its palaeobiogeographical existence.Mikropaleontološka istraživanja donjokredne sukcesije formacije Tirgan u Kopet-Dag sedimentacionom basenu (SI Iran) su pružila nove podatke. S tim u vezi, prvi put je u sedimentima Gornjeg Barema dokumentovan Bispiraloconulus serbicus Schlagintweit, Bucur& Sudar u asocijaciji sa Torremiroella hispanica Brun & Canérot. Biostratigrafska istraživanja su obavljena na stratigrafskom profilu Gelian (Formacija Tirgan) ukupne debljine 197,5 m koji je otkriven 35 km jugozapadno od grada Shirvan. U radu je data revizija paleogeografskog rasprostranjenja i starosti foraminifera Bispiraloconulus serbicus Schlagintweit, Bucur & Sudar i Torremiroella hispanica Brun & Canérot duž severnogo boda Tetisa

Clinical Features of Patients Newly Admitted to the Emergency Department of a Psychiatric Hospital with an Emphasis on Physical Examination

Introduction: Many medical diseases and their related signs and symptoms are not identified in routine assessments in emergency departments. Objective: We investigated the prevalence of abnormal findings in physical examination of the patients who were newly admitted to emergency department (ED) of a psychiatric hospital. Methods: We studied 200 patients (143 males, 71.5%) who were recently admitted to the ED of a psychiatric university hospital during a 4-month period in 2018. A thorough physical and neurological examination was performed on each subject. Results: Nearly all of the patients (99.3%) had at least one positive finding in physical (non-neurological) examination and 95% had at least one positive neurological finding. We also found at least one problem in gastrointestinal, respiratory or cardiac system of 22.1%, 24% and 33% of the subjects, respectively. The most frequent findings were in cranial nerve I (30%, more common in substance abuse disorder), and visual acuity (52.6%), as well as recent memory (%68.7), attention (%33.7), orientation to time (%29.5), hypokinetic movements (%28.1, more common in females and psychotic patients), akathisia (41.6%), and skin (%85.1, more common in substance abuse and personality disorders). T wave changes were seen in 31.9% and arrhythmia in 16% of the patients. Conclusions: Abnormal findings in examination of the patients admitted to EDs are very prevalent, but most of the abnormalities are not detected or reported in the routine ward examinations. More emphasis should be placed on the examination of olfactory nerve (especially in patients with substance abuse disorder), cognition (especially in older adults), extrapyramidal system, heart, abdomen and skin (especially in patients with personality disorder) during the first week of admission in a psychiatric emergency setting

Evaluating the Benefits of New Financial System (Accrual Accounting) Establishment in Medical and Health Care Sciences, Guilan University

The purpose of present study is assessing the benefits of accrual accounting establishment in Guilan Medical Sciences University during 2008-2012. This research is a field and scaling survey. Approximately 86.1% of respondents agreed with performing the accrual accounting and had a positive view about its benefits. Research results showed that performing of accrual accounting in Guilan Medical Sciences University can express the total cost of services and activities more clearly and facilitate to perform operational budgeting. Extracted data from this system can help managers in optimum responding and decision making. Finally it was clarified that the value of output data from accrual accounting system in the university is more than the establishment cost of it. Considering the proportional faults of accrual accounting because of having more benefits in comparison with cash basis, performing this system in reporting and financial affairs of Guilan Medical Sciences University leads in not only benefiting from other innate advantages of accrual accounting, but also provides required conditions in the area of changing current university budgeting into operational budgeting and results in achieving organizational goals. Keywords: Full Accrual Accounting Base, Operational Budgeting, Managers' Optimum Decision Making JEL Classification: M4

Oral administration of alanyl-glutamine and glutamine improve random pattern dorsal skin flap survival in rats

Objective(s): Skin flap necrosis is the most common postoperative side effect in reconstructive surgeries. Glutamine (GLN) has been shown to accelerate wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of GLN either in free form or in the dipeptide form along with L- alanyl (Ala-GLN) on random skin flaps survival in rats.Materials and Methods: Dorsal skin flaps with caudal bases (8 ×2 cm) were established in 24 adult male Wistar rats. Then, the animals were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n=8). Control, GLN (0.75 g/kg) and Ala-GLN (0.75 g/kg). All groups administrated orally 24 and 6 hr before flap elevation and continued repeatedly daily until 7 days postoperation. The flap survival rate and vascular density using histological analysis were evaluated. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by immunohistochemical method was determined.Results: Seven days after surgery, the mean surviving area in the GLN and Ala-GLN groups were significantly greater than in the untreated control group (

High-Sensitive Troponin I and Re-Hospitalization in Patients With Decompensated Congestive Heart Failure

Patients with heart failure (HF) are frequently admitted for episodes of decompensation. Cardiac troponins are easily accessible biomarkers role of which for risk stratification of re-hospitalization among HF patients is less certain. We aimed to evaluate high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels among re-hospitalized patients with decompensated heart failure (D-HF). Consecutive subjects admitted with D-HF to 2 hospitals in Tehran, during the year 2014 were recruited. Excluded ones were patients with a suspected acute coronary syndrome or myocarditis/pericarditis, those with cardiopulmonary resuscitation/DC shock delivery, or major complications during or after hospitalization. Along with echocardiography parameters, level of hs-cTnI was checked at the first hour of hospitalization and 3 months after discharge. The patients were then categorized according to having or not having re-hospitalization during 3 months post discharge. A total of 97 patients were finally recruited. Among re-hospitalized patients, Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction was significantly lower (38±14 % vs. 50 ± 12%; P=0.001), and LV end-systolic dimension was significantly higher (44±9 mm vs. 38±11 mm; P=0.012) compared to the other group. Moreover, levels of hs-cTnI were significantly higher among the re-hospitalized patients, both at initial visit (0.66±0.43 ng/ml vs 0.51±0.14 ng/ml, respectively; P=0.017) and at 3 months (0.59±0.48 ng/ml vs 0.48±0.23 ng/ml, respectively; P=0.030). This prospective study demonstrated that levels of hs-cTnI (both at the base and at follow up) are higher among patients who readmitted during 3 months of hospitalization for D-HF