Measuring coordinates of objects with adaptation expansion options

The parametric optimization of coordinates measurement with variations of definition and frame rate by limiting the readout speed of the signal from the image sensor problem is considered. It is shown that the optimal values of definition and frame rate are determined by the alignment of the inter-element and inter-frame difference variances estimates; switching thresholds can be decreased by the delay introducing into the mechanism of measuring these dispersions to increase the observation time with close values of the estimates of these variances

Calcined Low-grade Clays as Sources for Zeolite Containing Material

The continuous development and expansion of a raw material base in response to increasing environmental and technical requirements for most consumable commodities are crucial for the sustainable development of resource- and energy-intensive materials and technologies. As the sources for alkali-activated cements and zeolites, recent studies have reported the suitability of applying calcined clays with various chemical compositions, percentages, and constituent clay minerals and secondary minerals. In this article, the results of a feasibility study on the alkali activation of low-grade clays with 7.26 % montmorillonite/chlorite and 23.14 % kaolinite/montmorillonite minerals are reported. The 6M NaOH activation of clays thermally treated at 700 °C results in the formation of a hardened paste with a compressive strength of up to 5 MPa, with an N-(A)-S-H binder gel and zeolite Na2Al2Si2.5O9∙6.2H2O being the main reaction products

Phenols and GABAA receptors: from structure and molecular mechanisms action to neuropsychiatric sequelae

γ-Aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) are members of the pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC) family, which are widespread throughout the invertebrate and vertebrate central nervous system. GABAARs are engaged in short-term changes of the neuronal concentrations of chloride (Cl−) and bicarbonate (HCO3−) ions by their passive permeability through the ion channel pore. GABAARs are regulated by various structurally diverse phenolic substances ranging from simple phenols to complex polyphenols. The wide chemical and structural variability of phenols suggest similar and different binding sites on GABAARs, allowing them to manifest themselves as activators, inhibitors, or allosteric ligands of GABAAR function. Interest in phenols is associated with their great potential for GABAAR modulation, but also with their subsequent negative or positive role in neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review focuses on the GABAergic deficit hypotheses during neurological and psychiatric disorders induced by various phenols. We summarize the structure–activity relationship of general phenol groups concerning their differential roles in the manifestation of neuropsychiatric symptoms. We describe and analyze the role of GABAAR subunits in manifesting various neuropathologies and the molecular mechanisms underlying their modulation by phenols. Finally, we discuss how phenol drugs can modulate GABAAR activity via desensitization and resensitization. We also demonstrate a novel pharmacological approach to treat neuropsychiatric disorders via regulation of receptor phosphorylation/dephosphorylation

Influence of Hydrothermal and Pyrolysis Processes on the Transformation of Organic Matter of Dense Low-Permeability Rocks from Domanic Formations of the Romashkino Oil Field

The model experiments regarding the conversion of organic matters from carbonate rock samples of Dankov-Lebedyan deposits of Zelenogorskaya area and siliceous-carbonate rocks of Semiluki-Mendym deposits of Berezovskaya area of Domanic formations of Romashkino oil field were carried out. Two types of experiments were carried out: (1) the hydrothermal treatment of rocks at a temperature of 350?C in the presence of carbonic acid and a water content of 30%; (2) pyrolysis at temperatures of 350 and 600?C in the presence of hydrogen. The yield and quality of extracted hydrocarbons from the rocks depending on the mineral composition of rocks, content and composition of organic matter, and thermal stability of kerogen under hydrothermal influences were evaluated. Application of electron paramagnetic resonance in pyrolysis processes revealed the difference in mineral content of rocks (Mn2+, SO3-, and SO2- ions) and free radicals R∗, as well as in vanadyl ion (VO2+) concentration. It is established that an increasing temperature of pyrolysis promotes the formation of new free organic radicals in rock samples: in Domanic rocks of Semiluki-Mendym deposits at 350?С and in carbonate rocks of Dankov-Lebedyan horizon at 600?С. This indicates different ability of oil-generating potential of rocks with hydrothermal and pyrolysis technologies.1-1

Biological Earth observation with animal sensors

Space-based tracking technology using low-cost miniature tags is now delivering data on fine-scale animal movement at near-global scale. Linked with remotely sensed environmental data, this offers a biological lens on habitat integrity and connectivity for conservation and human health; a global network of animal sentinels of environmen-tal change

Characterization of phenotypes observed in polyphosphate kinase mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14

Preliminary data from our laboratory had implicated the involvement of polyphosphate kinase (ppk) in the formation and resuscitation of antibiotic-tolerant persister cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. This phenotype was assessed by generating a ppk knockout mutant, as well as a ppk-overexpressing mutant. To further characterize the impact these mutations had on the phenotype of P. aeruginosa, motility assays, as well as growth rate assessment, biofilm formation, oxidative stress tolerance, and virulence assays were carried out. Viable counts after antibiotic challenge revealed increased cell recovery in ppk knockout mutants. Additional phenotypic assay data did not entirely correlate with that previously published for ppk mutant of P. aeruginosa PAO1. Neither biofilm formation, nor susceptibility to peroxides was impacted by the mutation. Swarming and swimming motility assays showed a significant decrease and a significant increase, respectively, by the knockout strain. Implications of these findings are discussed in the context of applying single-strain phenotypic data to the entire species, and additional work is proposed to understand the full extent of polyphosphate regulation

A tsunami wave recorded near a glacier front

We observed a tsunami wave near the glacier front in the Temple Fjord (Spitsbergen). Two temperature and pressure recorders were deployed on a wire from the ice approximately 300 m from the glacier front. A pressure recorder was located under them on the bottom. The vertical displacement of the ice was approximately 30 cm and the period of the tsunami wave was 90 s. We attribute the generation of this wave to the displacement of the glacier similarly to the landslide tsunami generated by the motion of a block of rocks down the sloping bottom. The glacier motion also generated a short-period (12 s) deformation wave in the ice cover. The measurements allowed us to estimate the wave number of these waves and the Young's modulus of the ice