68 research outputs found
Los postulados de la Casación N.° 661-2016/Piura en materia de complicidad en el delito de colusión y la teoría de los delitos de infracción de deber
La presente investigación se desarrolla a partir del contraste entre los postulados, en
materia de complicidad en el delito de colusión, de la Casación N.° 661-2016/Piura con
los de la teoría de los delitos de infracción de deber desde las perspectivas de Jakobs,
Roxin y sus respectivos seguidores. En el transcurso del trabajo se identifican -a partir de
la casuística sometida a la justicia penal peruana- dos “supuestos de sujetos” -distintos a
los autores de colusión y los “terceros interesados”- que podrían dar un aporte a hechos
de colusión y que, según la Casación N.° 661-2016/Piura, no podrían responder a título
de cómplices de colusión. Sin embargo, tales “supuestos de sujetos” son evaluados por el
autor del trabajo de investigación, desde su perspectiva de la teoría de los delitos de
infracción de deber y concluye que ambos “supuestos de sujetos” sí pueden responder a
título de cómplices de colusión; además de que identifica que los postulados de la
Casación N.° 661-2016/Piura contravienen los principales lineamientos de la teoría de
infracción de deber desde las perspectivas de Jakobs, Roxin y sus respectivos seguidores.Trabajo académic
Quantitative Assessment of Stress Through EEG During a Virtual Reality Stress-Relax Session
This work was supported by the project PGC2018-098813-B-C31 (the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, by European Regional Development Funds).Recent studies have addressed stress level classification via electroencephalography
(EEG) and machine learning. These works typically use EEG-based features, like power
spectral density (PSD), to develop stress classifiers. Nonetheless, these classifiers are
usually limited to the discrimination of two (stress and no stress) or three (low, medium,
and high) stress levels. In this study we propose an alternative for quantitative stress
assessment based on EEG and regression algorithms. To this aim, we conducted a
group of 23 participants (mean age 22.65 5.48) over a stress-relax experience while
monitoring their EEG. First, we stressed the participants via the Montreal imaging stress
task (MIST), and then we led them through a 360-degree virtual reality (VR) relaxation
experience. Throughout the session, the participants reported their self-perceived stress
level (SPSL) via surveys. Subsequently, we extracted spectral features from the EEG of
the participants and we developed individual models based on regression algorithms
to predict their SPSL. We evaluated stress regression performance in terms of the
mean squared percentage error (MSPE) and the correlation coefficient (R2). The results
yielded from this evaluation (MSPE = 10.62 2.12, R2 = 0.92 0.02) suggest that our
approach predicted the stress level of the participants with remarkable performance.
These results may have a positive impact in diverse areas that could benefit from stress
level quantitative prediction. These areas include research fields like neuromarketing,
and training of professionals such as surgeons, industrial workers, or firefighters, that
often face stressful situations.Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, by European Regional Development Funds PGC2018-098813-B-C3
Evaluating the feasibility of cognitive impairment detection in Alzheimer’s disease screening using a computerized visual dynamic test
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease without known cure. However, early medical
treatment can help control its progression and postpone intellectual decay. Since AD is preceded by a period of cognitive
deterioration, the effective assessment of cognitive capabilities is crucial to develop reliable screening procedures.
For this purpose, cognitive tests are extensively used to evaluate cognitive areas such as language, attention, or
memory.
Methods In this work, we analyzed the potential of a visual dynamics evaluation, the rapid serial visual presentation
task (RSVP), for the detection of cognitive impairment in AD. We compared this evaluation with two of the most
extended brief cognitive tests applied in Spain: the Clock-drawing test (CDT) and the Phototest. For this purpose, we
assessed a group of patients (mild AD and mild cognitive impairment) and controls, and we evaluated the ability of
the three tests for the discrimination of the two groups.
Results The preliminary results obtained suggest the RSVP performance is statistically higher for the controls than for
the patients (p-value = 0.013). Furthermore, we obtained promising classification results for this test (mean accuracy
of 0.91 with 95% confidence interval 0.72, 0.97).
Conclusions Since the RSVP is a computerized, auto-scored, and potentially self-administered brief test, it could
contribute to speeding-up cognitive impairment screening and to reducing the associated costs. Furthermore, this
evaluation could be combined with other tests to augment the efficiency of cognitive impairment screening protocols
and to potentially monitor patients under medical treatment.FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Council for Economic
Transformation, Industry, Knowledge and Universities/ grant (B-TIC-352-
UGR20); grant PID2021-128529OA-I00, MCIN / AEI / 10.13039 / 501100011033ERDF A way of making Europe; grant PROYEXCEL_00084, Projects for
Excellence Research,Council for Economic Transformation,Industry, Knowledge
and Universities, Junta de Andalucía 2021Circuits And Systems
for Information Processing (CASIP) research group, TIC-117 (PAIDI Junta de
Andalucia)PGC2018-098813-B-C31 and PGC2018-098813-B-C32 (Spanish
Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
Virtual Reality as a Portable Alternative to Chromotherapy Rooms for Stress Relief: A Preliminary Study
Chromotherapy rooms are comfortable spaces, used in places like special needs schools,
where stimuli are carefully selected to cope with stress. However, these rooms are expensive and
require a space that cannot be reutilized. In this article, we propose the use of virtual reality (VR)
as an inexpensive and portable alternative to chromotherapy rooms for stress relief. We recreated
a chromotherapy room stress relief program using a commercial head mounted display (HD).
We assessed the stress level of two groups (test and control) through an EEG biomarker, the relative
gamma, while they experienced a relaxation session. First, participants were stressed using the
Montreal imaging stress task (MIST). Then, for relaxing, the control group utilized a chromotherapy
room while the test group used virtual reality. We performed a hypothesis test to compare the selfperceived
stress level at di erent stages of the experiment and it yielded no significant di erences
in reducing stress for both groups, during relaxing (p-value: 0.8379, = 0.05) or any other block.
Furthermore, according to participant surveys, the use of virtual reality was deemed immersive,
comfortable and pleasant (3.9 out of 5). Our preliminary results validate our approach as an
inexpensive and portable alternative to chromotherapy rooms for stress relief.Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
PGC2018-098813-B-C31
TIN2016-75097-PEuropean Union (EU)
PGC2018-098813-B-C31Nicolo Association for the R&D in Neurotechnologies for disabilit
Virtual Reality Customized 360-Degree Experiences for Stress Relief
The latest studies in virtual reality (VR) have evidenced the potential of this technology to
reproduce environments from multiple domains in an immersive way. For instance, in stress relief
research, VR has been presented as a portable and inexpensive alternative to chromotherapy rooms,
which require an adapted space and are expensive. In this work, we propose a portable and versatile
alternative to the traditional chromotherapy color-loop treatment through four different 360-degree
virtual experiences. A group of 23 healthy participants (mean age 22.65 ± 5.48) were conducted
through a single-session experience divided into four phases while their electroencephalography
(EEG) was recorded. First, they were stressed via the Montreal imaging stress task (MIST), and then
relaxed using our VR proposal. We applied the Wilcoxon test to evaluate the relaxation effect in
terms of the EEG relative gamma and self-perceived stress surveys. The results that we obtained
validate the effectiveness of our 360-degree proposal to significantly reduce stress (p-value = 0.0001).
Furthermore, the participants deemed our proposal comfortable and immersive (score above 3.5 out
of 5). These results suggest that 360-degree VR experiences can mitigate stress, reduce costs, and
bring stress relief assistance closer to the general public, like in workplaces or homes
A self-driven approach for multi-class discrimination in Alzheimer’s disease based on wearable EEG
Early detection is critical to control Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression and postpone cognitive decline. Traditional medical procedures such as magnetic resonance imaging are costly, involve long waiting lists, and require complex analysis. Alternatively, for the past years, researchers have successfully evaluated AD detection approaches based on machine learning and electroencephalography (EEG). Nonetheless, these approaches frequently rely upon manual processing or involve non-portable EEG hardware. These aspects are suboptimal regarding automated diagnosis, since they require additional personnel and hinder porta- bility. In this work, we report the preliminary evaluation of a self-driven AD multi-class discrimination approach based on a commercial EEG acquisition system using sixteen channels. For this purpose, we recorded the EEG of three groups of participants: mild AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) non-AD, and controls, and we implemented a self-driven analysis pipeline to discriminate the three groups. First, we applied automated artifact rejection algorithms to the EEG recordings. Then, we extracted power, entropy, and complexity features from the preprocessed epochs. Finally, we evaluated a multi-class classification problem using a multi-layer perceptron through leave-one-subject-out cross-validation. The preliminary results that we obtained are comparable to the best in literature (0.88 F1-score), what suggests that AD can potentially be detected through a self-driven approach based on commercial EEG and machine learn- ing. We believe this work and further research could contribute to opening the door for the detection of AD in a single consultation session, therefore reducing the costs associated to AD screening and poten- tially advancing medical treatment.Spanish Government PGC2018-098813-B-C31European Commission
Operative Program FEDER 2014-2020 BTIC-352-UGR20Economy, Universities and Science Office of the Andalusian Regional GovernmentUniversidad de Granada/CBU
An Automated Approach for the Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease From Resting State Electroencephalography
Early detection is crucial to control the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and to
postpone intellectual decline. Most current detection techniques are costly, inaccessible,
or invasive. Furthermore, they require laborious analysis, what delays the start of medical
treatment. To overcome this, researchers have recently investigated AD detection based
on electroencephalography, a non-invasive neurophysiology technique, and machine
learning algorithms. However, these approaches typically rely on manual procedures
such as visual inspection, that requires additional personnel for the analysis, or on
cumbersome EEG acquisition systems. In this paper, we performed a preliminary
evaluation of a fully-automated approach for AD detection based on a commercial
EEG acquisition system and an automated classification pipeline. For this purpose,
we recorded the resting state brain activity of 26 participants from three groups: mild
AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI-non-AD), and healthy controls. First, we applied
automated data-driven algorithms to reject EEG artifacts. Then, we obtained spectral,
complexity, and entropy features from the preprocessed EEG segments. Finally, we
assessed two binary classification problems: mild AD vs. controls, and MCI-non-AD
vs. controls, through leave-one-subject-out cross-validation. The preliminary results
that we obtained are comparable to the best reported in literature, what suggests
that AD detection could be automatically detected through automated processing and
commercial EEG systems. This is promising, since it may potentially contribute to
reducing costs related to AD screening, and to shortening detection times, what may
help to advance medical treatment.PID2021-128529OA-I00 Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and UniversitiesEuropean Regional Development FundsBTIC-
352-UGR20Operative Program
FEDER 2014–2020Economy, Universities and Science
Office of the Andalusian Regional Governmen
Bolonia 'for dummies'
El objeto de este trabajo es describir de forma sencilla y clara cómo
impartir una asignatura nueva o transformar una asignatura existente, y la
metodología docente para su impartición en el marco del Espacio Europeo de
Educación Superior (EEES). Hacemos especial hincapié en aquellos aspectos
afines a las materias impartidas tradicionalmente en Ingenierías como
Informática, Telecomunicaciones o Electrónica, titulaciones relevantes en el
área de Arquitectura y Tecnología de Computadores. Enunciamos los principios
básicos y el enfoque que motiva y dirige la reforma educativa de Bolonia.
Consecuencia de ello, describimos métodos sencillos para transformarnos en
unos “nuevos docentes,” alineados con la reforma educativa, tratando a la vez
de minimizar el impacto que pueda tener en el profesor y de incluir nuevos
enfoques de realización de nuestras tareas docentes.Departamento de Arquitectura y Tecnología de Computadores (Universidad de Granada
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