107 research outputs found

    Prospectus, March 27, 1973

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    PC TO HOST WORKSHOP; \u27Clean\u27; Be a Bridgie!; Gang Night; Here and there with Parkland volunteers; Cruisin\u27 \u2773; True happenings; Letters To The Editor; A challenge; Candidate for PC board of trustees; IRS job openings; The genuine free Prospectus gasoline anti-ripoff charts; Candidates For Day Senator; Parkland Board Summary; PC bowling team roll-off today; 383 students on winter honors list; Community service fund guidelines completed; Prof Spectus; Number, please?; PC 9th in national indoor contest; Bicycles Bicyles Bicycles; Roller skating party; Magazines As Media; Hereditary Linked To Mental Illness; New, flexible baccalaureate program; Medical fields applicationhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1973/1009/thumbnail.jp

    Don’t Until the Final Verb Wait: Reinforcement Learning for Simultaneous Machine Translation

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    We introduce a reinforcement learning-based approach to simultaneous ma-chine translation—producing a trans-lation while receiving input words— between languages with drastically dif-ferent word orders: from verb-final lan-guages (e.g., German) to verb-medial languages (English). In traditional ma-chine translation, a translator must “wait ” for source material to appear be-fore translation begins. We remove this bottleneck by predicting the final verb in advance. We use reinforcement learn-ing to learn when to trust predictions about unseen, future portions of the sentence. We also introduce an evalua-tion metric to measure expeditiousness and quality. We show that our new translation model outperforms batch and monotone translation strategies.

    Unpredictable Maternal Behavior Is Associated with a Blunted Infant Cortisol Response

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    Background Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is associated with poor physical and mental health. Early-life adversity may dysregulate cortisol response to subsequent stress. This study examines the association between patterns of maternal behavior and infant stress response to a challenge. Specifically, we test whether infant exposure to unpredictable maternal sensory signals is related to the cortisol response to a painful stressor. Method Participants were 102 mothers and their children enrolled in a longitudinal study. Patterns of maternal sensory signals were evaluated at 6 and 12 months during a 10-min mother–infant play episode. Entropy rate was calculated as a quantitative measure of the degree of unpredictability of maternal sensory signals (visual, auditory, and tactile) exhibited during the play episode. Infant saliva samples were collected for cortisol analysis before and after inoculation at 12 months. Results Unpredictable patterns of maternal sensory signals were associated with a blunted infant cortisol response to a painful stressor. This relation persisted after evaluation of covariates including maternal sensitivity and maternal psychological distress. Conclusions This study provides evidence that unpredictable patterns of maternal sensory signals are one process through which caregiving affects the function of infant stress response systems

    Prospectus, April 25, 1973

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    NEW STUGO REPRESENTATIVES; 4-day nutrition workshop; Student\u27s views sought; Broken Hearts; Junior college visitation day; Student to give report to Academy; May elected chairman of nurse ass\u27n; Day Senator: Brenda Kendricks; Day Senator: Earnest Hite; Day Senator: Ken Segan; Convocations: Bill Tigrak; United Farm Workers organize boycotts; To the Editor; Brenda and Leroy; Judging teams; Festival; haiku; poem; incentive; Women welcome!; AAUW Scholarship awarded; Bridge tourney; bullet; Magical Mystery Tour: A quickie visit to Parkland\u27s new campus; What would you like to know about the new campus?; Prof Spectus; \u27How dare you presume I\u27m straight?\u27 Notes of a lesbian; PC bowlers romp to victory in 1st central Illinois tourney; From above an athlete\u27s feet; What\u27s decent to eat?; Baseballers win three of four games; Track team has high hopes; Changes in PC athletics; Thinclads take third; Wrestlinghttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1973/1008/thumbnail.jp

    Hepcidin-guided screen-and-treat interventions against iron-deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: a randomised controlled trial in The Gambia.

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    BACKGROUND: WHO recommends daily iron supplementation for pregnant women, but adherence is poor because of side-effects, effectiveness is low, and there are concerns about possible harm. The iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin can signal when an individual is ready-and-safe to receive iron. We tested whether a hepcidin-guided screen-and-treat approach to combat iron-deficiency anaemia could achieve equivalent efficacy to universal administration, but with lower exposure to iron. METHODS: We did a three-arm, randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial in 19 rural communities in the Jarra West and Kiang East districts of The Gambia. Eligible participants were pregnant women aged 18-45 years at between 14 weeks and 22 weeks of gestation. We randomly allocated women to either WHO's recommended regimen (ie, a daily UN University, UNICEF, and WHO international multiple-micronutrient preparation [UNIMMAP] containing 60 mg iron), a 60 mg screen-and-treat approach (ie, daily UNIMMAP containing 60 mg iron for 7 days if weekly hepcidin was <2·5 μg/L or UNIMMAP without iron if hepcidin was ≥2·5 μg/L), or a 30 mg screen-and-treat approach (ie, daily UNIMMAP containing 30 mg iron for 7 days if weekly hepcidin was <2·5 μg/L or UNIMMAP without iron if hepcidin was ≥2·5 μg/L). We used a block design stratified by amount of haemoglobin at enrolment (above and below the median amount of haemoglobin on every enrolment day) and stage of gestation (14-18 weeks vs 19-22 weeks). Participants and investigators were unaware of the random allocation. The primary outcome was the amount of haemoglobin at day 84 and was measured as the difference in haemoglobin in each screen-and-treat group compared with WHO's recommended regimen; the non-inferiority margin was set at -5·0 g/L. The primary outcome was assessed in the per-protocol population, which comprised all women who completed the study. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN21955180. FINDINGS: Between June 16, 2014, and March 3, 2016, 498 participants were randomised, of whom 167 were allocated to WHO's recommended regimen, 166 were allocated to the 60 mg per day screen-and-treat approach, and 165 were allocated to the 30 mg per day screen-and-treat approach. 78 participants were withdrawn or lost to follow-up during the study; thus, the per-protocol population comprised 140 women assigned to WHO's recommended regimen, 133 allocated to the 60 mg screen-and-treat approach, and 147 allocated to the 30 mg screen-and-treat approach. The screen-and-treat approaches did not exceed the non-inferiority margin. Compared with WHO's recommended regimen, the difference in the amount of haemoglobin at day 84 was -2·2 g/L (95% CI -4·6 to 0·1) with the 60 mg screen-and-treat approach and -2·7 g/L (-5·0 to -0·5) with the 30 mg screen-and-treat approach. Adherence, reported side-effects, and adverse events were similar between the three groups. The most frequent side-effect was stomachache, which was similar in the 60 mg screen-and-treat group (82 cases per 1906 person-weeks) and with WHO's recommended regimen (81 cases per 1974 person-weeks; effect 1·0, 95% CI 0·7 to 1·6); in the 30 mg screen-and-treat group the frequency of stomachache was slightly lower than with WHO's recommended regimen (58 cases per 2009 person-weeks; effect 0·7, 95% CI 0·5 to 1·1). No participants died during the study. INTERPRETATION: The hepcidin-guided screen-and-treat approaches had no advantages over WHO's recommended regimen in terms of adherence, side-effects, or safety outcomes. Our results suggest that the current WHO policy for iron administration to pregnant women should remain unchanged while more effective approaches continue to be sought. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the UK Medical Research Council

    Collision, Collusion and Coincidence: Pop Art’s Fairground Parallel

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    This article looks at parallel methods, motivations and modes of consumption between formative British pop art and British fairground art. I focus on two strands, the emergent critical work of the Independent Group and the school of artists based at the Royal College of Art under the nominal leadership of Peter Blake. I use iconographical and iconological methods to compare the content of the art, and then examine how pop art tried to create both a critical and playful distancing from established rules and practices of the artistic canon. I focus on non-institutional cultural groupings and diffuse production and consumption models
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