2,499 research outputs found
BIOMASS FOR ELECTRICITY AND PROCESS HEAT AT ETHANOL PLANTS
Published in: Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Vol. 22(5): 723-728Biomass, Process heat, Ethanol production, Electricity, Combined heat and power, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
ECONOMICS OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION/COMBUSTION AT FUEL ETHANOL PLANTS
Published in Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Vol. 25(3): 391â400Ethanol, Biomass, Economics, CHP, Emissions, Process heat, Electricity production, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
INTEGRATING BIOMASS TO PRODUCE HEAT AND POWER AT ETHANOL PLANTS
Published in: Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Vol. 25(2): 227â244Biomass, Renewable, Sustainable, Model, Gasification, Combustion, Emissions, Ethanol production, Combined heat and power, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
A Corn Stover Supply Logistics System
Published in Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Vol. 26(3): 455â461, 2010. American Society of Agricultural and Biological EngineersCorn stover, Economics, GHG emission, Logistics, Roll press compaction, Tub grinding, Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries,
Flash floods and debris flow in the city area of Messina, north-east part of Sicily, Italy in October 2009: the case of the Giampilieri catchment
Abstract. This paper concerns the analysis of the 1 October 2009 flash flood and debris flow event caused by a very intense rainfall concentrated over the Messina area. The storm caused severe flash floods in many villages around the city of Messina, such as Giampilieri, Scaletta Zanclea, Altolia Superiore and Molino, with 38 casualties and significant damages to property, buildings, roads and bridges estimated close to 550 million Euro. The main focus of this work is to perform a post event analysis, putting together available meteorological and hydrological data in order to get better insight into temporal and spatial variability of the rain storm, the soil moisture conditions and the consequent flash flood in the Giampilieri catchment. The event was investigated using observed data from a raingauge network. Statistical analysis using GEV distribution was performed and rainfall return period (storm severity) was estimated. Further, measured rainfall data and rainfall-runoff modelling were used to estimate soil moisture conditions, to analyse the hydrological behaviour and to reconstruct flood hydrograph. With the help of GIS technology and particularly spatial analysis, the volume of debris which has gone down into the Giampilieri village was also calculated. GIS maps with landslide and material deposit areas were produced and analysed.</p
Searching for cavities of various densities in the Earth's crust with a low-energy electron-antineutrino beta-beam
We propose searching for deep underground cavities of different densities in
the Earth's crust using a long-baseline electron-antineutrino disappearance
experiment, realized through a low-energy beta-beam with highly-enhanced
luminosity. We focus on four cases: cavities with densities close to that of
water, iron-banded formations, heavier mineral deposits, and regions of
abnormal charge accumulation that have been posited to appear prior to the
occurrence of an intense earthquake. The sensitivity to identify cavities
attains confidence levels higher than and for exposures
times of 3 months and 1.5 years, respectively, and cavity densities below 1 g
cm or above 5 g cm, with widths greater than 200 km. We
reconstruct the cavity density, width, and position, assuming one of them known
while keeping the other two free. We obtain large allowed regions that improve
as the cavity density differs more from the Earth's mean density. Furthermore,
we demonstrate that knowledge of the cavity density is important to obtain
O(10%) error on the width. Finally, we introduce an observable to quantify the
presence of a cavity by changing the orientation of the electron-antineutrino
beam, with which we are able to identify the presence of a cavity at the
to C.L.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; matches published versio
Criteria for Optimum Mixture - Ratio Distribution Using Several Types of Impinging-Stream Injector Elements
Empirical correlations are given relating the mixture-ratio distributions produced by various configurations of impinging-stream injectors and the ratios of density, velocity, and orifice cross-sectional area of the two fluids being mixed. Injector-element designs studied are two-on-one, two-on-two, and four-on-one
Calculating quasinormal modes of Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter black holes using the continued fraction method
We investigate the scalar, gravitational, and electromagnetic quasinormal
mode spectra of Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter black holes using the numerical
continued fraction method. The spectra have similar, almost linear structures.
With a few exceptions, the low overtone quasinormal modes are consistent with
previously obtained results in the literature that use other numerical
techniques. The intermediate and high overtone quasinormal modes, in comparison
to the Schwarzschild case, converge very quickly to the asymptotic formulas
previously obtained by analytic monodromy techniques. We also determine one of
the purely imaginary modes in the gravitational spectrum to be algebraically
special. In addition, we find a connection between the analytic asymptotic
formulas and the purely imaginary modes. In particular, these formulas can be
used to predict the bifurcation of the lowest damped electromagnetic modes.
Finally, we find no high overtone quasinormal modes with high oscillation
frequency and low damping, which had been previously predicted.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, regular article, some typos correcte
Polarised epithelial monolayers of the gastric mucosa reveal insights into mucosal homeostasis and defence against infection
Objective Helicobacter pylori causes life-long colonisation of the gastric mucosa, leading to chronic inflammation with increased risk of gastric cancer. Research on the pathogenesis of this infection would strongly benefit from an authentic human in vitro model. Design Antrum-derived gastric glands from surgery specimens served to establish polarised epithelial monolayers via a transient airâliquid interface culture stage to study cross-talk with H. pylori and the adjacent stroma. Results The resulting âmucosoid culturesâ, so named because they recapitulate key characteristics of the gastric mucosa, represent normal stem cell-driven cultures that can be passaged for months. These highly polarised columnar epithelial layers encompass the various gastric antral cell types and secrete mucus at the apical surface. By default, they differentiate towards a foveolar, MUC5AC-producing phenotype, whereas Wnt signalling stimulates proliferation of MUC6-producing cells and preserves stemnessâreminiscent of the gland base. Stromal cells from the lamina propria secrete Wnt inhibitors, antagonising stem-cell niche signalling and inducing differentiation. On infection with H. pylori, a strong inflammatory response is induced preferentially in the undifferentiated basal cell phenotype. Infection of cultures for several weeks produces foci of viable bacteria and a persistent inflammatory condition, while the secreted mucus establishes a barrier that only few bacteria manage to overcome. Conclusion Gastric mucosoid cultures faithfully reproduce the features of normal human gastric epithelium, enabling new approaches for investigating the interaction of H. pylori with the epithelial surface and the cross-talk with the basolateral stromal compartment. Our observations provide striking insights in the regulatory circuits of inflammation and defence.</p
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