Association Between Race, Obesity And Diabetes In Elderly Community Dwellers: Data From The Fibra Study

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)This study sought to investigate the effect of race on measures of body fat (body mass index-BMI, waist circumference-WC and waist-hip ratio - WHR), as well as its relationship with diabetes, among elderly individuals living in urban areas in seven places in Brazil, according to gender. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with a probabilistic sample comprising 2,566 individuals with 65 years of age or more who participated in the FIBRA Study (Frailty in Elderly Brazilians). We used several self-reported sociodemographic variables (gender, age, race, schooling and family income), anthropometric measures of general (BMI) and abdominal obesity (WC and WHR) and self-reported diabetes. Adjusting for schooling and income, white race was associated with higher WC values (p = 0.001) and WHR (p > 0.001) for male gender, regardless of diabetes status. However, when we considered only diabetic individuals, black race became associated with general (BMI) (p = 0.007) and central obesity (CC) (p > 0.001), only among women.3210CNPq [555082/2006-7]Capes [BEX12339/13-0]Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Asociación Entre Color/raza, Obesidad Y Diabetes, En Ancianos De La Comunidad: Datos Del Estudio Fibra

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito da cor/raça em medidas indicadoras de adiposidade corporal (índice de massa corporal - IMC, circunferência de cintura - CC e relação cintura-quadril - RCQ), bem como sua relação com o diabetes, em idosos residentes na área urbana de sete localidades brasileiras, conforme o gênero. O estudo transversal foi realizado com uma amostra probabilística composta por 2.566 idosos de 65 anos ou mais, participantes do Estudo FIBRA (Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros). Foram utilizadas variáveis sociodemográficas autorrelatadas (gênero, idade, cor/raça, escolaridade e renda familiar), medidas antropométricas indicadoras de obesidade geral (IMC) e abdominal (CC e RCQ) e diabetes autorreferida. Ajustando-se para escolaridade e renda, a cor/raça branca associou-se a maiores valores de CC (p = 0,001) e RCQ (p > 0,001), no gênero masculino, independentemente do diabetes. Entretanto, ao considerar apenas a amostra de diabéticos, a cor/raça preta passou a associar-se à obesidade geral (IMC) (p = 0,007) e central (CC) (p > 0,001), apenas entre as mulheres.321

Avaliação de tecnologias e dispositivos para a bioimpressão 3D de tecidos aplicados à área médica

A tecnologia de bioimpressão 3D é uma tecnologia inovadora que possui diversas aplicabilidades na área da saúde. Na área médica, a bioimpressão 3D é utilizada para produção de peças cirúrgicas, implantações e produção de próteses, e para fabricação de tecidos e órgãos. O objetivo deste estudo foi destrinchar os dados acerca desta tecnologia e sua atual aplicabilidade na área médica. O método consistiu na condução de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura sobre as tecnologias de bioimpressão 3D na área de ciências da saúde, de acordo com os parâmetros determinados pela declaração PRISMA. Os resultados da revisão demonstraram que a tecnologia tem sido bastante inovadora e importante para o avanço de pesquisas na área médica, porém ainda apresenta alguns entraves para sua implementação na prática clínica como a nutrição tecidual, contaminação de amostra e alguns fatores de expressão dos tecidos. Assim, pode-se afirmar que o tecido bioimpresso é eficiente, uma vez que se assemelha muito bem ao tecido humano. Os estudos de toxicidade em relação a drogas, de investigação de microambiente tecidual e tumoral são de extrema relevância para futuramente gerar tratamentos personalizados e individualizados, melhorando assim a terapia de diversas doenças. Em conclusão, nossa pesquisa demonstrou que os avanços na área de impressão tridimensional permitiram que a tecnologia fosse capaz de imprimir tecidos biológicos vivos e funcionais, de extrema relevância na aplicabilidade médica

Body composition as a frailty marker for the elderly community

Body composition (BC) in the elderly has been associated with diseases and mortality; however, there is a shortage of data on frailty in the elderly. To investigate the association between BC and frailty, and identify BC profiles in nonfrail, prefrail, and frail elderly people. A cross-sectional study comprising 235 elderly (142 females and 93 males) aged > 65 years, from the city of Amparo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, was undertaken. Sociodemographic and cognitive features, comorbidities, medication, frailty, body mass index (BMI), muscle mass, fat mass, bone mass, and fat percent (%) data were evaluated. Aiming to examine the relationship between BC and frailty, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric tests were applied. The statistical significance level was P<0.05. The nonfrail elderly showed greater muscle mass and greater bone mass compared with the prefrail and frail ones. The frail elderly had greater fat % than the nonfrail elderly. There was a positive association between grip strength and muscle mass with bone mass (P<0.001), and a negative association between grip strength and fat % (P<0.001). Gait speed was positively associated with fat mass (P=0.038) and fat % (P=0.002). The physical activity level was negatively associated with fat % (P=0.022). The weight loss criterion was positively related to muscle mass (P<0.001), bone mass (P=0.009), fat mass (P=0.018), and BMI (P=0.003). There was a negative association between fatigue and bone mass (P=0.008). Frailty in the elderly was characterized by a BC profile/phenotype with lower muscle mass and lower bone mass and with a higher fat %. The BMI was not effective in evaluating the relationship between BC and frailty. The importance of evaluating the fat % was verified when considering the tissue distribution in the elderly BC1016611667COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPE

Body Composition As A Frailty Marker For The Elderly Community.

Body composition (BC) in the elderly has been associated with diseases and mortality; however, there is a shortage of data on frailty in the elderly. To investigate the association between BC and frailty, and identify BC profiles in nonfrail, prefrail, and frail elderly people. A cross-sectional study comprising 235 elderly (142 females and 93 males) aged ≥65 years, from the city of Amparo, State of São Paulo, Brazil, was undertaken. Sociodemographic and cognitive features, comorbidities, medication, frailty, body mass index (BMI), muscle mass, fat mass, bone mass, and fat percent (%) data were evaluated. Aiming to examine the relationship between BC and frailty, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric tests were applied. The statistical significance level was P<0.05. The nonfrail elderly showed greater muscle mass and greater bone mass compared with the prefrail and frail ones. The frail elderly had greater fat % than the nonfrail elderly. There was a positive association between grip strength and muscle mass with bone mass (P<0.001), and a negative association between grip strength and fat % (P<0.001). Gait speed was positively associated with fat mass (P=0.038) and fat % (P=0.002). The physical activity level was negatively associated with fat % (P=0.022). The weight loss criterion was positively related to muscle mass (P<0.001), bone mass (P=0.009), fat mass (P=0.018), and BMI (P=0.003). There was a negative association between fatigue and bone mass (P=0.008). Frailty in the elderly was characterized by a BC profile/phenotype with lower muscle mass and lower bone mass and with a higher fat %. The BMI was not effective in evaluating the relationship between BC and frailty. The importance of evaluating the fat % was verified when considering the tissue distribution in the elderly BC.101661-166

Association between race, obesity and diabetes in elderly community dwellers: data from the FIBRA study

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito da cor/raça em medidas indicadoras de adiposidade corporal (índice de massa corporal - IMC, circunferência de cintura - CC e relação cintura-quadril - RCQ), bem como sua relação com o diabetes, em idosos residentes na área urbana de sete localidades brasileiras, conforme o gênero. O estudo transversal foi realizado com uma amostra probabilística composta por 2.566 idosos de 65 anos ou mais, participantes do Estudo FIBRA (Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros). Foram utilizadas variáveis sociodemográficas autorrelatadas (gênero, idade, cor/raça, escolaridade e renda familiar), medidas antropométricas indicadoras de obesidade geral (IMC) e abdominal (CC e RCQ) e diabetes autorreferida. Ajustando-se para escolaridade e renda, a cor/raça branca associou-se a maiores valores de CC (p = 0,001) e RCQ (p > 0,001), no gênero masculino, independentemente do diabetes. Entretanto, ao considerar apenas a amostra de diabéticos, a cor/raça preta passou a associar-se à obesidade geral (IMC) (p = 0,007) e central (CC) (p > 0,001), apenas entre as mulheres3210112CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPES555082/2006-7BEX12339/13-0This study sought to investigate the effect of race on measures of body fat (body mass index - BMI, waist circumference - WC and waist-hip ratio - WHR), as well as its relationship with diabetes, among elderly individuals living in urban areas in seven places in Brazil, according to gender. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with a probabilistic sample comprising 2,566 individuals with 65 years of age or more who participated in the FIBRA Study (Frailty in Elderly Brazilians). We used several self-reported sociodemographic variables (gender, age, race, schooling and family income), anthropometric measures of general (BMI) and abdominal obesity (WC and WHR) and self-reported diabetes. Adjusting for schooling and income, white race was associated with higher WC values (p = 0.001) and WHR (p > 0.001) for male gender, regardless of diabetes status. However, when we considered only diabetic individuals, black race became associated with general (BMI) (p = 0.007) and central obesity (CC) (p > 0.001), only among wome

Impure Public Goods and Technological Interdependencies

Impure public goods represent an important group of goods. Almost every public good exerts not only effects which are public to all but also effects which are private to the producer of this good. What is often omitted in the analysis of impure public goods is the fact that – regularly – these private effects can also be generated independently of the public good. In our analysis we focus on the effects alternative technologies – independently generating the private effects of the public good – may have on the provision of impure public goods. After the investigation in an analytical impure public good model, we numerically simulate the effects of alternative technologies in a parameterized model for climate policy in Germany