Las criptomonedas

Universidad de Sevilla. Doble Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas y Derech

Deterioro cognitivo y horas de sueño en mayores de 65 años no institucionalizados: estudio en farmacia comunitaria

Objetivo: Determinar factores de riesgo, relacionados con el estilo de vida, asociados con la presencia de deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores de 65 años.Método: Para ello se diseñó un estudio observacional transversal con personas mayores de 65 años no institucionalizadas mediante entrevista personal estructurada. El estudio se realizó en 14 farmacias de la Comunidad Valenciana desde marzo 2011 hasta marzo de 2013. Se utilizan como test de cribado el Short Portable Mental State Questionnaire (SPMSQ) de Pfeiffer y el Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) versión NORMACODERM de Blesa. Se definió deterioro cognitivo por SPMSQ ≥ 3 (para analfabetos ≥ 4) y/o MMSE ≤ 24.Resultados: Participaron en el estudio 729 personas. Se encontró que el 17,6% de los participantes (n = 128) presentaban resultados compatibles con deterioro cognitivo. Se determinó que dormir 9 o más horas diarias es causa o consecuencia y, por tanto, un factor de riesgo y/o de alarma en el desarrollo de deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores de 65 años. El ejercicio físico y pocas horas de sueño no obtuvo relación con el deterioro cognitivo.Conclusión: El cambio de hábitos de sueño en el anciano (pasar a dormir más horas) es una señal de alerta para estudiar la presencia de un posible deterioro cognitivo

Anisotropy of uni-axial and bi-axial deformation behavior of pure Titanium after hydrostatic extrusion

Coarse-grained commercially pure (CP) Titanium is subjected to hydrostatic extrusion resulting in the formation of ultrafine lamellar-type microstructure having very strong fiber texture. Uni-axial tensile tests of longitudinal and transverse specimens are carried out to study anisotropy of uni-axial deformation behavior of hydrostatically extruded CP Titanium. Small punch testing of longitudinal and transverse specimens is performed to study the anisotropy of its bi-axial deformation behavior. It is demonstrated that there is significant anisotropy of both uni-axial and bi-axial deformation of CP Titanium after hydrostatic extrusion which is related to the specific microstructure and texture developed in the material during hydrostatic extrusion.This work was carried out in frames of the European project LIMEDU (FP7 ERA-NET MATERA+2009, Project No MATERA/ESM- 1889) funded by Fundacion MADRI+D and by the National Centre for Research and Development (Project NCBiR/ERA-NET MATERA+/03/ 2011)

Improving landslide inventories by combining satellite interferometry and landscape analysis: the case of Sierra Nevada (Southern Spain)

An updated and complete landslide inventory is the starting point for an appropriate hazard assessment. This paper presents an improvement for landslide mapping by integrating data from two well-consolidated techniques: Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) and Landscape Analysis through the normalised channel steepness index (ksn). The southwestern sector of the Sierra Nevada mountain range (Southern Spain) was selected as the case study. We first propose the double normalised steepness (ksnn) index, derived from the ksn index, to remove the active tectonics signal. The obtained ksnn anomalies (or knickzones) along rivers and the unstable ground areas from the DInSAR analysis rapidly highlighted the slopes of interest. Thus, we provided a new inventory of 28 landslides that implies an increase in the area affected by landslides compared with the previous mapping: 33.5% in the present study vs. 14.5% in the Spanish Land Movements Database. The two main typologies of identified landslides are Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformations (DGSDs) and rockslides, with the prevalence of large DGSDs in Sierra Nevada being first revealed in this work. We also demonstrate that the combination of DInSAR and Landscape Analysis could overcome the limitations of each method for landslide detection. They also supported us in dealing with difficulties in recognising this type of landslides due to their poorly defined boundaries, a homogeneous lithology and the imprint of glacial and periglacial processes. Finally, a preliminary hazard perspective of these landslides was outlined.Universidad de Granada/CBUAMarie Curie Actions B-RNM-305-UGR18 A-RNM-508-UGR20 P18-RT-3632ERDF through the project RISKCOAST' of the Interreg SUDOE Programme SOE3/P4/E0868Project MORPHOMED' from the Spanish Ministry of Science (MCIN)/State Research Agency (SRA) PID2019-107138RB-I00Ramon y Cajal' Programme of the Spanish Ministry of Science RYC-2017-23335NoR 6373

Tumores germinales gonadales en niños: experiencia de 20 años en un centro de referencia pediátrico.

Antecedentes. Los tumores de células germinales son un grupo heterogéneo de neoplasias que corresponden al 1-3% de los tumores en pediatría. Por lo general, se manifiestan clínicamente con masa testicular o dolor abdominal.Objetivo. Describir las características de los pacientes con tumores germinales gonadales en un centro de referencia de cáncer pediátrico en Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Este artículo hace una revisión retrospectiva recopilando 20 años de experiencia en el diagnóstico y manejo de estos tumores en la Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia.Resultados. Se encontraron 79 pacientes, 35 hombres y 44 mujeres, con un promedio de edad, al diagnóstico, de 6 años. El teratoma fue la neoplasia más frecuente en el sexo femenino y el tumor del seno endodérmico en el masculino. El 70,9% de los pacientes se diagnosticaron en estadio I; se tienen datos de marcadores tumorales en 84,8%. El 98,7% se manejaron con cirugía y 58,2% recibieron además quimioterapia, especialmente protocolo BEP. 96% alcanzaron remisión de la enfermedad, 3 pacientes fallecieron.Conclusiones. El estudio demuestra buenos resultados en el manejo de los tumores germinales gonadales con el protocolo establecido de manejo quirúrgico y quimioterapia, se encontró una baja tasa de recurrencia en el periodo evaluado y alto porcentaje de niños libres de enfermedad.Background. Germ cell tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms corresponding to 1-3% of pediatric tumors. They usually manifest clinically as testicular mass or abdominal pain.Objective. To make a description of gonadal germ cell tumor types in pediatric referral center in Colombia.Materials and methods. This article takes a retrospective review compiling 20 years of experience in diagnosis and management of these tumors in the Fundación Hospital de La Misericordia.Results. We found 79 patients, 35 men and 44 women, with an average age at diagnosis of 6 years. The teratoma was the most common neoplasia in females and endodermal sinus tumor in men. 70.9% of patients were diagnosed with stage I. In 84,8% measuring tumor markers were obtained. 98.7% were managed with surgery and 58.2% also received chemotherapy, especially BEP protocol. 96% achieved disease remission, 3 patients died.Conclusions. The study shows good results in the management of gonadal germ cell tumors with the established protocol and low recurrence rate in the evaluated period and high rates of children free of disease, were found a low rate of recurrence in the assessment period and high percentage of free of disease

Tumores germinales gonadales en niños: experiencia de 20 años en un centro de referencia pediátrico.

Antecedentes. Los tumores de células germinales son un grupo heterogéneo de neoplasias que corresponden al 1-3% de los tumores en pediatría. Por lo general, se manifiestan clínicamente con masa testicular o dolor abdominal.Objetivo. Describir las características de los pacientes con tumores germinales gonadales en un centro de referencia de cáncer pediátrico en Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Este artículo hace una revisión retrospectiva recopilando 20 años de experiencia en el diagnóstico y manejo de estos tumores en la Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia.Resultados. Se encontraron 79 pacientes, 35 hombres y 44 mujeres, con un promedio de edad, al diagnóstico, de 6 años. El teratoma fue la neoplasia más frecuente en el sexo femenino y el tumor del seno endodérmico en el masculino. El 70,9% de los pacientes se diagnosticaron en estadio I; se tienen datos de marcadores tumorales en 84,8%. El 98,7% se manejaron con cirugía y 58,2% recibieron además quimioterapia, especialmente protocolo BEP. 96% alcanzaron remisión de la enfermedad, 3 pacientes fallecieron.Conclusiones. El estudio demuestra buenos resultados en el manejo de los tumores germinales gonadales con el protocolo establecido de manejo quirúrgico y quimioterapia, se encontró una baja tasa de recurrencia en el periodo evaluado y alto porcentaje de niños libres de enfermedad.Background. Germ cell tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms corresponding to 1-3% of pediatric tumors. They usually manifest clinically as testicular mass or abdominal pain.Objective. To make a description of gonadal germ cell tumor types in pediatric referral center in Colombia.Materials and methods. This article takes a retrospective review compiling 20 years of experience in diagnosis and management of these tumors in the Fundación Hospital de La Misericordia.Results. We found 79 patients, 35 men and 44 women, with an average age at diagnosis of 6 years. The teratoma was the most common neoplasia in females and endodermal sinus tumor in men. 70.9% of patients were diagnosed with stage I. In 84,8% measuring tumor markers were obtained. 98.7% were managed with surgery and 58.2% also received chemotherapy, especially BEP protocol. 96% achieved disease remission, 3 patients died.Conclusions. The study shows good results in the management of gonadal germ cell tumors with the established protocol and low recurrence rate in the evaluated period and high rates of children free of disease, were found a low rate of recurrence in the assessment period and high percentage of free of disease

Oral vaccination with heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis activates the complement system to protect against tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a pandemic affecting billions of people worldwide, thus stressing the need for new vaccines. Defining the correlates of vaccine protection is essential to achieve this goal. In this study, we used the wild boar model for mycobacterial infection and TB to characterize the protective mechanisms elicited by a new heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis vaccine (IV). Oral vaccination with the IV resulted in significantly lower culture and lesion scores, particularly in the thorax, suggesting that the IV might provide a novel vaccine for TB control with special impact on the prevention of pulmonary disease, which is one of the limitations of current vaccines. Oral vaccination with the IV induced an adaptive antibody response and activation of the innate immune response including the complement component C3 and inflammasome. Mycobacterial DNA/RNA was not involved in inflammasome activation but increased C3 production by a still unknown mechanism. The results also suggested a protective mechanism mediated by the activation of IFN-γ producing CD8+ T cells by MHC I antigen presenting dendritic cells (DCs) in response to vaccination with the IV, without a clear role for Th1 CD4+ T cells. These results support a role for DCs in triggering the immune response to the IV through a mechanism similar to the phagocyte response to PAMPs with a central role for C3 in protection against mycobacterial infection. Higher C3 levels may allow increased opsonophagocytosis and effective bacterial clearance, while interfering with CR3-mediated opsonic and nonopsonic phagocytosis of mycobacteria, a process that could be enhanced by specific antibodies against mycobacterial proteins induced by vaccination with the IV. These results suggest that the IV acts through novel mechanisms to protect against TB in wild boar.This research was supported by Plan Nacional I+D+I AGL2011-30041 from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Spain and FEDER. This is also a contribution to EU FP7 grant WildTBvac and the EU FP7 ANTIGONE project number 278976. R.C. Galindo was funded by MEC, Spain. B. Beltrán-Beck was supported by MINECO grant BES-2009-017401.Peer Reviewe

Coupled C, H, N, S and Fe biogeochemical cycles operating in the continental deep subsurface of the Iberian Pyrite Belt

Microbial activity is a major contributor to the biogeochemical cycles that make up the life support system of planet Earth. A 613 m deep geomicrobiological perforation and a systematic multi-analytical characterization revealed an unexpected diversity associated with the rock matrix microbiome that operates in the subsurface of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB). Members of 1 class and 16 genera were deemed the most representative microorganisms of the IPB deep subsurface and selected for a deeper analysis. The use of fluorescence in situ hybridization allowed not only the identification of microorganisms but also the detection of novel activities in the subsurface such as anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) and anaerobic methane oxidation, the co-occurrence of microorganisms able to maintain complementary metabolic activities and the existence of biofilms. The use of enrichment cultures sensed the presence of five different complementary metabolic activities along the length of the borehole and isolated 29 bacterial species. Genomic analysis of nine isolates identified the genes involved in the complete operation of the light-independent coupled C, H, N, S and Fe biogeochemical cycles. This study revealed the importance of nitrate reduction microorganisms in the oxidation of iron in the anoxic conditions existing in the subsurface of the IPBFP7 Ideas: European Research Council, Grant/Award Number: ERC Advanced Grant #250-35

La química da mucho juego...¿jugamos?

¿Quién no ha jugado alguna vez? ¿Qué juegos conocemos? ¿Podemos motivar a los alumnos a través del juego?. Desde nuestra experiencia durante el curso 2016-2017 y utilizando adaptaciones de dos juegos tradicionales de mesa podemos observar que los alumnos participan y aprenden jugando y que el profesor puede utilizar el juego para evaluar las competencias y habilidades de los participantes. Con el juego los docentes dejamos de ser el centro de la clase o del laboratorio y pasamos a ser meros conductores del proceso de aprendizaje además de facilitar el trabajo en pequeños grupos. Los juegos utilizados son una adaptación de juegos de mesa que utilizan preguntas relacionadas con la Química. Se ha desarrollado material didáctico en forma de cartulinas con cuatro tipos de preguntas adaptadas a diferentes asignaturas de diferentes grados y que se pueden utilizar tanto en el laboratorio de prácticas como en el aula. Los juegos se han utilizado en asignaturas de los grados de Química, Biología e Ingeniería Química en tutorías, seminarios o en el laboratorio o bien al final del mismo o durante los periodos en los que los alumnos tienen “tiempos muertos” dado el desarrollo de las prácticas

Oral vaccination with heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis activates the complement system to protect against tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a pandemic affecting billions of people worldwide, thus stressing the need for new vaccines. Defining the correlates of vaccine protection is essential to achieve this goal. In this study, we used the wild boar model for mycobacterial infection and TB to characterize the protective mechanisms elicited by a new heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis vaccine (IV). Oral vaccination with the IV resulted in significantly lower culture and lesion scores, particularly in the thorax, suggesting that the IV might provide a novel vaccine for TB control with special impact on the prevention of pulmonary disease, which is one of the limitations of current vaccines. Oral vaccination with the IV induced an adaptive antibody response and activation of the innate immune response including the complement component C3 and inflammasome. Mycobacterial DNA/RNA was not involved in inflammasome activation but increased C3 production by a still unknown mechanism. The results also suggested a protective mechanism mediated by the activation of IFN-γ producing CD8+ T cells by MHC I antigen presenting dendritic cells (DCs) in response to vaccination with the IV, without a clear role for Th1 CD4+ T cells. These results support a role for DCs in triggering the immune response to the IV through a mechanism similar to the phagocyte response to PAMPs with a central role for C3 in protection against mycobacterial infection. Higher C3 levels may allow increased opsonophagocytosis and effective bacterial clearance, while interfering with CR3-mediated opsonic and nonopsonic phagocytosis of mycobacteria, a process that could be enhanced by specific antibodies against mycobacterial proteins induced by vaccination with the IV. These results suggest that the IV acts through novel mechanisms to protect against TB in wild boar