515 research outputs found

    TaMaris Project : Interpretation of detected suspect vessel events

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    International audienceAs we face varied unlawful activities and other threats, innovative solution shall be set up to permanently track and monitor all type of ship traffics, in vulnerable trading lanes and country border zones in order to detect abnormal vessel behaviour, to understand suspicious event and to early identify threatening situation. TaMaris on going development is a technical capability grouping analysis tools and operational procedures, operated from state of art human machine interface (HMI), to support experts group in understanding suspicious event, early identify threat and generating argued electronic report. Reports required for keeping continuously informed decisional authority ..

    High levels of memory B cells are associated with response to a first tumor necrosis factor inhibitor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a longitudinal prospective study

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    Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) therapy is effective for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some reports suggested that the therapy affects B-cell homeostasis. We studied the effect of TNFi therapy on the distribution of peripheral B-cell subsets and elucidated B-cell-related biomarkers to predict the TNFi response. Peripheral B cells were analyzed for expression of CD19, CD27, CD38, and IgD in 31 healthy donors and 96 RA patients, including 21 who were followed 3 months after TNFi introduction. Treatment with steroids significantly altered the distribution of B-cell subsets. After adjustment for age, gender and steroid dose, patients with RA had similar B-cell subset proportions as controls. B-cell subset distribution did not differ by use of TNFi at baseline or before and after TNFi introduction. TNFi responders (according to European League Against Rheumatism criteria) at 3 months had significantly higher proportion of CD27+ memory B cells at baseline, and >= 26% CD27+ cells at inclusion was associated with a relative risk of 4.9 (1.3 to 18.6) of responding to TNFi treatment. CD27+ cells produced 3 times more TNFalpha than did naive B cells, and were correlated with interferon-gamma produced from CD4+ cells in patients without TNFi treatment. In patients with RA, high levels of baseline memory B cells were associated with response to TNFi, which may be related to TNFalpha-dependent activation of the T helper cell type 1 pathwa

    Part surface roughness on laser sintering and milling of maraging steel 300

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    International audienceThe additive manufacturing of metal parts provides new opportunities to freely design of molds with conformal cooling channels, which enhances the productivity of injected plastic parts. In contrast to this manufacturing process, the surface quality of laser sintering parts is limiting the application of such technology on mold manufacturing. This work intends to investigate the surface roughness of maraging steel 300 samples produced by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and post-processed with end milling. Based on a set of experiments, combining different laser sintering build directions and milling process the measurement of the resulting surface roughness expresses how these process parameters impact on the final surface quality

    Protein quality of amaranth grains cultivated in Ethiopia as affected by popping and fermentation

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    The effect of popping and fermentation on protein quality of three different varieties of amaranth grains cultivated in Ethiopia was evaluated. Total lysine content of the grains was higher than that of commonly available cereals but close to that of legumes. Methionine and cysteine contents in the grains were also higher than that found in cereal and legume proteins. Percentage of total indispensable amino acids, excluding tryptophan, was 43% - 49%, which was higher than WHO reference pattern (31%). Popping resulted in 36% and 37% reduction in total lysine and cysteine contents, respectively, whereas fermentation reduced cysteine, lysine and methionine contents by 16%, 20% and 20%, respectively. From the free amino acids, histidine was the major indispensable amino acid but threonine was not detected. During popping, all free amino acids, except threonine, were reduced. On the other hand, fermentation significantly increased (p < 0.01) most amino acids except arginine, which was significantly decreased (p < 0.01), and tyrosine and glutamic acid, for which no change was observed. Popping decreased in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) by 8.3% - 17.1% while fermentation increased IVPD by 4.8% - 7.5%. Substitution of amaranth for wheat and/or maize during complementary food formulation could contribute much to the daily requirements of indispensable amino acids of young children

    EphrinA5 protein distribution in the developing mouse brain

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>EphrinA5 is one of the best-studied members of the Eph-ephrin family of guidance molecules, known to be involved in brain developmental processes. Using in situ hybridization, ephrinA5 mRNA expression has been detected in the retinotectal, the thalamocortical, and the olfactory systems; however, no study focused on the distribution of the protein. Considering that this membrane-anchored molecule may act far from the neuron soma expressing the transcript, it is of a crucial interest to localize ephrinA5 protein to better understand its function.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using immunohistochemistry, we found that ephrinA5 protein is highly expressed in the developing mouse brain from E12.5 to E16.5. The olfactory bulb, the cortex, the striatum, the thalamus, and the colliculi showed high intensity of labelling, suggesting its implication in topographic mapping of olfactory, retinocollicular, thalamocortical, corticothalamic and mesostriatal systems. In the olfactory nerve, we found an early ephrinA5 protein expression at E12.5 suggesting its implication in the guidance of primary olfactory neurons into the olfactory bulb. In the thalamus, we detected a dynamic graduated protein expression, suggesting its role in the corticothalamic patterning, whereas ephrinA5 protein expression in the target region of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurones indicated its involvement in the mesostriatal topographic mapping. Following E16.5, the signal faded gradually and was barely detectable at P0, suggesting a main role for ephrinA5 in primary molecular events in topographic map formation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our work shows that ephrinA5 protein is expressed in restrictive regions of the developing mouse brain. This expression pattern points out the potential sites of action of this molecule in the olfactory, retinotectal, thalamocortical, corticothalamic and mesostriatal systems, during development. This study is essential to better understand the role of ephrinA5 during developmental topographic mapping of connections and to further characterise the mechanisms involved in pathway restoration following cell transplantation in the damaged brain.</p

    TAMARIS : Traitement et Authentification des MenAces et RISques en mer (2009)

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    International audienceL'objectif du projet de dĂ©monstrateur proposĂ© TAMARIS, est d'intĂ©grer un processus et des outils innovants de traitement de l'information pour l'analyse d'une situation qui est une sĂ©rie d'alertes correspondant Ă  un comportement suspect de navire. Ce comportement suspect peut se dĂ©rouler dans le temps (sur plusieurs jours, voir mois) et sur un espace maritime Ă©tendu (plusieurs centaines de miles nautiques). L'analyse est traduite par l'Ă©laboration en temps rĂ©el d'un dossier d'enquĂȘte Ă©lectronique. Ce dossier standardisĂ©, permet de rassembler l'ensemble des informations (des connections Ă  des bases de donnĂ©es et Ă  Internet permettent ce renseignement) et l'analyse sur un seul support rĂ©actualisĂ© au fil du dĂ©roulement de la situation. Ce dossier peut ĂȘtre transmis aux autoritĂ©s dĂ©cisionnelles afin de suivre en permanence les Ă©volutions et d'ĂȘtre informĂ©es de l'authentification progressive du comportement suspect durant son dĂ©roulement. Ce dossier est constituĂ© et visualisĂ© sur une table tactile, ce qui permet Ă  une Ă©quipe d'experts de diffĂ©rentes organisations de travailler ensemble et en direct de façon interactive. Ce dossier constitue une archive quasi complĂšte et chronologique qui peut ĂȘtre transmise Ă©galement Ă  des enquĂȘteurs pour mener des investigations ultĂ©rieures

    TAMARIS : Traitement et Authentification des MenAces et RISques en mer

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    National audienceL'objectif du projet de dĂ©monstrateur TAMARIS est d'intĂ©grer un processus et des outils innovants de traitement de l'information pour l'analyse d'une situation qui comporte une sĂ©rie d'alertes correspondant Ă  un comportement suspect de navire. Ce comportement suspect peut se dĂ©rouler dans le temps (sur plusieurs jours, voir mois) et sur un espace maritime Ă©tendu (plusieurs centaines de miles nautiques). L'analyse est traduite par l'Ă©laboration, en temps rĂ©el, d'un dossier d'interprĂ©tation Ă©lectronique. Ce dernier est standardisĂ©, et permet de rassembler l'ensemble des informations et l'analyse sur un seul support rĂ©actualisĂ© au fil du dĂ©roulement de la situation. Ce dossier peut ĂȘtre transmis aux autoritĂ©s dĂ©cisionnelles afin de suivre en permanence les Ă©volutions et d'ĂȘtre informĂ©es de l'identification progressive du comportement suspect durant son dĂ©roulement. Une table tactile permet de constituer et visualiser ce dossier, mais aussi Ă  une Ă©quipe d'experts de diffĂ©rentes organisations de travailler ensemble ou Ă  distance de façon interactive. Enfin, le dossier constitue une archive quasi complĂšte et chronologique qui peut ĂȘtre transmise Ă©galement Ă  des enquĂȘteurs pour mener des investigations ultĂ©rieures suites Ă  une plainte

    The Resilience of Democracy in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic:Democratic Compensators in Belgium, the Netherlands and France

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    Since January 2020, European countries have implemented a wide range of restrictions to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet governments have also implemented democratic compensators in order to offset the negative impacts of restrictions. This article aims to account for the variation of their use between Belgium, the Netherlands and France. We analyse three drivers: the strength of counterpowers, the ruling parties’ ideological leanings and political support. Building on an original data set, our results distinguish between embedded and ad hoc compensators. We find that ad hoc compensators are championed mainly by counterpowers, but also by ideology of the ruling coalitions in Belgium and the Netherlands and used strategically to maintain political support in France. Evidence on the link between embedded compensators and counterpowers is more ambiguous.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

    Etude expérimentale d'un matériau architecturé à comportement de second gradient du déplacement

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    Le rĂ©cent dĂ©veloppement des procĂ©dĂ©s d'obtention par mĂ©thode additive a relancĂ© l'intĂ©rĂȘt pour certains matĂ©riaux architecturĂ©s, type « treillis », qui n'Ă©taient jusque-lĂ  que difficilement rĂ©alisables. Ces mĂ©ta-matĂ©riaux prĂ©sentent parfois des comportements homogĂ©nĂ©isĂ©s complexes sortant du cadre de la modalisation Ă©lastique du premier gradient. La trĂšs grande majoritĂ© de leurs Ă©tudes sont alors thĂ©oriques ou numĂ©riques ([1] est une exception), et posent donc la question de leur validité : quelle est l'importance de ces effets « exotiques » sur un matĂ©riau architecturĂ© rĂ©el, et Ă  quel point ces matĂ©riaux sont-ils influencĂ©s par les dĂ©fauts de fabrication ? La difficultĂ© d'une approche expĂ©rimentale vient du fait que les mĂ©thodes de caractĂ©risation standard ont Ă©tĂ© pensĂ©es dĂšs le XIXe siĂšcle dans le cadre de la thĂ©orie du premier gradient. Les conditions aux limites habituellement appliquĂ©es Ă  chaque extrĂ©mitĂ© d'une Ă©prouvette par une machine d'essai sont de type « translation principale uniforme ». Celles-ci imposent donc une cinĂ©matique globale propice Ă  l'Ă©tude d'un comportement sensible au premier gradient de dĂ©placement (une dĂ©formation de traction ou cisaillement uniforme dans la zone utile), mais contraignent la cinĂ©matique Ă  des gradients de dĂ©formation a priori nuls (sauf Ă  avoir une zone utile non homogĂšne), et des dĂ©placements aux limites complĂ©mentaires nuls, et limitent les gradients de dĂ©formation (sauf Ă  avoir une zone utile non homogĂšne). A titre d'illustration, le cas d'un essai de traction simple montre des conditions aux limites de dĂ©placement homogĂšne non nul selon l'axe de l'Ă©prouvette, et nul perpendiculairement. L'effet de Poisson est existant mais l'amplitude des dĂ©placements qu'il provoque est diminuĂ© par ces conditions limites. Aucun gradient de dĂ©formation selon l'axe principal ou selon l'axe perpendiculaire n'Ă©tant imposĂ©, l'Ă©tude de comportement type second gradient est alors caduque (la rĂ©gion Ă  proximitĂ© des conditions aux limites prĂ©sente un gradient de dĂ©formation, mais est trĂšs limitĂ©e en terme de taille de zone observable). L'essor des techniques d'identification par mesure de champs cinĂ©matiques [2] permet de reconcevoir fondamentalement les mĂ©thodes d'essai : nul besoin d'une zone utile homogĂšne. Au contraire, l'hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© est source de richesse. De la mĂȘme maniĂšre, les moyens de sollicitation doivent Ă©voluer et tendre vers des moyens de contrĂŽle d'un champ, permettant d'imposer des gradients d'effort(s) ou de dĂ©formation. C'est dans cette approche que se situe l'Ă©tude proposĂ©e ici : dĂ©velopper un moyen d'essai utilisant une sollicitation de champ d'effort dans le plan de l'Ă©prouvette et une mesure de champ de dĂ©placement afin d'Ă©tudier des matĂ©riaux architecturĂ©s sensibles aux seconds gradients de dĂ©placement. Le matĂ©riau architecturĂ© choisi est similaire Ă  un nid d'abeille produit industriellement (Flex-Core de Hexcel&reg;). Il a une cellule prĂ©sentant un seul plan de symĂ©trie, ce qui implique des couplages entre premier et second gradients [3].   [1] J. Marty, J. Re?thore?, A. Combescure, Experimental investigation of higher-order homogenization schemes under large strain International Journal of Solids and Structures 88?89 (2016) 263-273 [2] M.A. Sutton, Computer Vision-Based, Noncontacting Deformation Measurements in Mechanics: A Generational Transformation, Applied Mechanics Reviews 65 (2013) [3] N. Auffray, J. Dirrenberger and G. Rosi, A complete description of bi-dimensional anisotropic strain-gradient elasticity, International Journal of Solids and Structures 69-70 (2015) 195-21
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