A note on the Eisenbud-Mazur Conjecture

The Eisenbud-Mazur conjecture states that given an equicharacteristic zero, regular local ring (R,\mathfrak{m}) and a prime ideal P\subset R, we have that P^{(2)}\subseteq mP. In this paper, we computationally prove that the conjecture holds in the special case of certain prime ideals in formal power series rings.Comment: 21 page

Inequalities in maternity care and newborn outcomes: one-year surveillance of births in vulnerable slum communities in Mumbai

Background: Aggregate urban health statistics mask inequalities. We described maternity care in vulnerable slum communities in Mumbai, and examined differences in care and outcomes between more and less deprived groups. Methods: We collected information through a birth surveillance system covering a population of over 280 000 in 48 vulnerable slum localities. Resident women identified births in their own localities and mothers and families were interviewed at 6 weeks after delivery. We analysed data on 5687 births over one year to September 2006. Socioeconomic status was classified using quartiles of standardized asset scores. Results: Women in higher socioeconomic quartile groups were less likely to have married and conceived in their teens (Odds ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval 0.69–0.79, and 0.82, 0.78–0.87, respectively). There was a socioeconomic gradient away from public sector maternity care with increasing socioeconomic status (0.75, 0.70–0.79 for antenatal care and 0.66, 0.61–0.71 for institutional delivery). Women in the least poor group were five times less likely to deliver at home (0.17, 0.10–0.27) as women in the poorest group and about four times less likely to deliver in the public sector (0.27, 0.21–0.35). Rising socioeconomic status was associated with a lower prevalence of low birth weight (0.91, 0.85–0.97). Stillbirth rates did not vary, but neonatal mortality rates fell non-significantly as socioeconomic status increased (0.88, 0.71–1.08). Conclusion: Analyses of this type have usually been applied across the population spectrum from richest to poorest, and we were struck by the regularly stepped picture of inequalities within the urban poor, a group that might inadvertently be considered relatively homogeneous. The poorest slum residents are more dependent upon public sector health care, but the regular progression towards the private sector raises questions about its quality and regulation. It also underlines the need for healthcare provision strategies to take account of both sectors

The design and construction of a mass spectrograph

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1953 M65Master of Scienc

La implementación de una arquitectura para inteligencia de negocios con aplicaciones comunitarias (estudio de caso: Hospital de la Amistad, Santa Rosa de Piura)

Poco a poco son más las organizaciones que perfilan sus estrategias y proyecciones a largo plazo, basando su crecimiento no solo en elementos tangibles como los estados financieros, sino que han implementado elementos como el nivel de la capacidad de sus trabajadores, eficiencia y eficacia de sus procesos, la satisfacción de sus clientes hacia sus servicios o productos. El Balanced Scorecard es una herramienta que permite medir aquellos indicadores financieros y no financieros de la organización, orientando todos sus esfuerzos al logro de objetivos, ya que su función primordial es traducir la visión y la estrategia de la organización en un conjunto de indicadores que informen de la consecución de los objetivos. Esta metodología constituye una de las herramientas más eficaces para implementar y llevar a la práctica el plan estratégico de la compañía o institución. Uno de los factores y el más importante para las instituciones son los que afectan de manera relevante, como el que los funcionarios no cuentan con una herramienta que les permita monitorear, controlar y dirigir el cumplimiento y avance del plan estratégico. Especial parte débil de una institución mixta,desde la perspectiva administrativa

The importance of oligosulfides in the attraction of fly pollinators to the brood-site deceptive species Jaborosa rotacea (Solanaceae).

Premise of research. Brood-site deceptive flowers use dishonest signals?especially floral odors that mimic oviposition substrates?to attract and deceive saprophilous insects to pollinate them. In this work, we recorded the pollinators of the sapromyiophilous species Jaborosa rotacea (Solanaceae) endemic to southern South America. Then, we characterized the floral volatiles of this species, and finally, we carried out field experiments to decouple the effects of scent and color as attractants for saprophilous flies. Methodology. We made direct observations of pollinators in a natural population of J. rotacea.We characterized floral volatiles by means of gas chromatography?mass spectrometry. Subsequently, we used a mixture of 2 oligosulfides (dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide), which our analyses revealed were the main constituents of the floral scent ofJ. rotacea, as baits to determine the attractiveness of this olfactory signal to flies in a geographical region whereJ. rotaceais not present. Finally, we used the same foul-scented baits in arrays of artificial flowers resembling those of J. rotacea to assess the dual importance of olfactory and visual cues in fly attraction. Pivotal results. Pollination of J. rotaceaoccurs when saprophilous flies belonging to the families Calliphoridae, Muscidae, and Sarcophagidae?with similar body dimensions to the anther-stigma distance in these flowers?acquire and deposit pollen in the flowers in a nototribic mode. Our chemical analyses revealed that J. rotacea floral scent is chemically simple and features 2 oligosulfide compounds (dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide) commonly found in carrion-mimicking flowers. We found that saprophilous flies belonging to the same families that we recorded as pollinators of J. rotaceain its native South American habitat were attracted to foul-scented baits in temperate North America. The flies? visitation frequencies (recorded as approaches and landings on the artificial flowers) depended significantly on the presence of the foul-scented baits. Conclusions. These results support the hypothesis that oligosulfides are universally effective signals by which deceptive flowers may effect pollen dispersal by attracting flies that use carrion or carnivore feces as brood sites. Keywords:brood-site deceptive flowers, Diptera, Jaborosa rotacea, oligosulfides, scent mimicry, Solanaceae.Fil: More, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina;Fil: Cocucci, Andrea Aristides. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina;Fil: Raguso, Robert A.. Cornell University; Estados Unidos de América

Taxonomic studies of Eulophid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) collected from Uttarakhand, India

A sound taxonomic knowledge base is a prerequisite for effective conservation, environment assessment, ecological research, management and sustainable use of biological resources. Parasitoids are the major component of the biocontrol, so the correct identification of the parasitoid is very important task. Eulophidae is a large family of the superfamily Chalcidoidea and comprises promising biocontrol agents for the control of insect pests causing harm to agricultural ecosystem. The present study has been done to provide the account and occurrence of 4 genera belonging to subfamily Entedoninae, Eulophinae and Tetrastichinae. Entedon costalis Dalman, Diglyphus horticola Khan, Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault), and Neotrichoporoides viridimaculatus (Fullaway) was collected from Uttarakhand (India) and described in detail with additional morphological characters that aids in clear identification of the parasitoids. Entedon costalis is recorded from this region with additional characters for identification