Photometric scaling relations of antitruncated stellar discs in S0-Scd galaxies

It has been recently found that the characteristic photometric parameters of antitruncated discs in S0 galaxies follow tight scaling relations. We investigate if similar scaling relations are satisfied by galaxies of other morphological types. We have analysed the trends in several photometric planes relating the characteristic surface brightness and scalelengths of the breaks and the inner and outer discs of local antitruncated S0-Scd galaxies, using published data and fits performed to the surface brightness profiles of two samples of Type-III galaxies in the R and Spitzer 3.6 microns bands. We have performed linear fits to the correlations followed by different galaxy types in each plane, as well as several statistical tests to determine their significance. We have found that: 1) the antitruncated discs of all galaxy types from Sa to Scd obey tight scaling relations both in R and 3.6 microns, as observed in S0s; 2) the majority of these correlations are significant accounting for the numbers of the available data samples; 3) the trends are clearly linear when the characteristic scalelengths are plotted on a logarithmic scale; and 4) the correlations relating the characteristic surface brightnesses of the inner and outer discs and the breaks with the various characteristic scalelengths significantly improve when the latter are normalized to the optical radius of the galaxy. The results suggest that the scaling relations of Type-III discs are independent of the morphological type and the presence (or absence) of bars within the observational uncertainties of the available datasets, although larger and deeper samples are required to confirm this. The tight structural coupling implied by these scaling relations impose strong constraints on the mechanisms proposed for explaining the formation of antitruncated stellar discs in the galaxies across the whole Hubble Sequence (Abridged).Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 18 pages, 12 figures, 7 table

Following the phosphorus solubilization by varying decantation times in a pilot WWTP

Motivation: Phosphorus and nitrogen are essential for organisms, but in quantities that imbalance the ecosystem, they promote the development of aquatic plants and algae to the detriment of others. This process is called Eutrophication. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) have an important role in reducing the flows of both elements in the waters they produce. With the main objective of knowing more in depth the biological elimination of phosphorus, two purification systems have been used: a pilot plant with SBR system (sequential biological reactor) and another with conventional system. As a complement, this behavior has also been studied in sewage samples as a function of the decantation time.Methods:With the purpose of promoting the growth of PAO organisms (polyphosphate-accumulating organism) responsible for the biological elimination of phosphorus, different aeration-not aeration cycles have been carried out in the pilot plant, since this type of organisms need aerobiosis-anaerobiosis. The concentration of soluble phosphorus and nitrate present in the water has been determined both in the pilot plant and in the samples of sewage treatment plants.Results:In the pilot plant, the different aeration-non-aeration cycles have been studied, achieving levels of phosphorus reduction that are around 15% in the conventional system and 16% in the SBR system.These levels were insufficient, so it was decided to increase the concentration of nutrients by adding glucose to the incoming water. With this, reduction levels of approximately 95% were achieved. Samples from the treatment plants have given rise, depending on the decanting time, to very different behaviors, although with correlation between some of them, taking into account the mass load and mud age.Conclusions: We can conclude therefore that the pilot plant was in nutrient deficit so it could not carry out a biological elimination process. This was solved thanks to the addition of glucose in small quantities. With respect to the samples we could say that the low mass loads are related to levels, more or less, constant of dissolved phosphorus but the behavior of the samples has been very different so we should investigate the reasons that lead to this produce in such a way

Multiplicity fluctuations in the string clustering approach

We present our results on multiplicity fluctuations in the framework of the string clustering approach. We compare our results --with and without clustering formation-- with CERN SPS NA49 data. We find a non-monotonic behaviour of these fluctuations as a function of the collision centrality, which has the same origin as the observed fluctuations of transverse momentum: the correlations between the produced particles due to the cluster formation.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, revte

Los residentes opinan sobre la semFYC: ventajas y motivos para afiliarse

ObjetivoConocer la opinión de los residentes de medicina de familia y comunitaria (MFyC) sobre las ventajas de ser socio de la semFYC y los motivos por los que consideran importante serlo.DiseñoEstudio descriptivo, transversal.EmplazamientoJornadas de residentes de MFyC.ParticipantesResidentes de MFyC socios de la semFYC que enviaron alguna comunicación a las VIII Jornadas de Residentes semFYC 2004.Mediciones principalesLos participantes cumplimentaron un cuestionario con 2 preguntas dicotómicas (¿Sabes qué ventajas ofrece la semFYC a sus socios?, ¿Crees importante como residente pertenecer a la semFYC?).Además, se invitó a los que respondieron positivamente a exponer varios ejemplos de las ventajas que puede aportar ser socio y los motivos por los que consideran que es importante serlo.La cumplimentación fue realizada online, durante el registro obligatorio para acceder a la web de envío de comunicaciones a las jornadas, garantizándose el anonimato.La base de datos resultante fue analizada y procesada por dos investigadores. Se realizó un análisis cualitativo (categorización y codificación de las respuestas a las preguntas abiertas) y cuantitativo (proporciones).ResultadosUn total de 281 residentes respondieron al cuestionario. El 27,7% no conoce las ventajas que puede aportar la semFYC a sus socios. Entre los que respondieron que sí, las ventajas más frecuentemente expuestas fueron: «acceso a material científico», «desarrollo de actividades científicas» y «formativas» (tabla 1). Respecto a la segunda pregunta, el 91,4% cree necesario pertenecer a la semFYC. Los motivos más comunes referidos fueron: «mantenerse informado sobre la especialidad », «pertenencia a un grupo con intereses comunes», «fomenta la formación» (tabla 1).Discusión y conclusionesAlgo más de una cuarta parte de los residentes desconoce qué lepuede aportar la semFYC, por lo que se requiere un mayor esfuerzo por parte de la semFYC para acercarse a un colectivo con gran interés estratégico. Aun así, la gran mayoría cree necesario ser socio. Además, consideran importante la pertenencia a un grupo de su misma especialidad, en la que se comparten intereses comunes, y valoran la información y las actividades que ésta proporciona

Conjugates of Cell Adhesion Peptides for Therapeutics and Diagnostics Against Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases

Overexpressed cell-surface receptors are hallmarks of many disease states and are often used as markers for targeting diseased cells over healthy counterparts. Cell adhesion peptides, which are often derived from interacting regions of these receptor-ligand proteins, mimic surfaces of intact proteins and, thus, have been studied as targeting agents for various payloads to certain cell targets for cancers and autoimmune diseases. Because many cytotoxic agents in the free form are often harmful to healthy cells, the use of cell adhesion peptides in targeting their delivery to diseased cells has been studied to potentially reduce required effective doses and associated harmful side-effects. In this review, multiple cell adhesion peptides from extracellular matrix and ICAM proteins were used to selectively direct drug payloads, signal-inhibitor peptides, and diagnostic molecules, to diseased cells over normal counterparts. RGD constructs have been used to improve the selectivity and efficacy of diagnostic and drug-peptide conjugates against cancer cells. From this precedent, novel conjugates of antigenic and cell adhesion peptides, called bifunctional peptide inhibitors (BPIs), have been designed to selectively regulate immune cells and suppress harmful inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases. Similar peptide conjugations with imaging agents have delivered promising diagnostic methods in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis. BPIs have also been shown to generate immune tolerance and suppress autoimmune diseases in animal models of type-1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Collectively, these studies show the potential of cell adhesion peptides in improving the delivery of drugs and diagnostic agents to diseased cells in clinical settings

Effects of introgressed 4Nv Aegilops ventricosa chromosome on yield and yield components in bread wheat.

Effects of introgressed 4Nv Aegilops ventricosa chromosome on yield and yield components in bread whea

Evolution of the anti-truncated stellar profiles of S0 galaxies since z=0.6z=0.6 in the SHARDS survey: I - Sample and Methods

The controversy about the origin of the structure of S0--E/S0 galaxies may be due to the difficulty of comparing surface brightness profiles with different depths, photometric corrections and PSF effects (almost always ignored). We aim to quantify the properties of Type-III (anti-truncated) discs in a sample of S0 galaxies at 0.2<z<0.6. In this paper, we present the sample selection and describe in detail the methods to robustly trace the structure in their outskirts and correct for PSF effects. We have selected and classified a sample of 150 quiescent galaxies at 0.2<z<0.6 in the GOODS-N field. We perform a quantitative structural analysis of 44 S0-E/S0 galaxies. We corrected their surface brightness profiles for PSF distortions and analysed the biases in the structural and photometric parameters when the PSF correction is not applied. Additionally, we have developed Elbow, an automatic statistical method to determine whether a possible break is significant - or not - and its type and made it publicly available. We found 14 anti-truncated S0-E/S0 galaxies in the range 0.2<z<0.6 (~30% of the final sample). This fraction is similar to the those reported in the local Universe. In our sample, ~25% of the Type-III breaks observed in PSF-uncorrected profiles are artifacts, and their profiles turn into a Type I after PSF correction. PSF effects also soften Type-II profiles. We found that the profiles of Type-I S0 and E/S0 galaxies of our sample are compatible with the inner profiles of the Type-III, in contrast with the outer profiles. We have obtained the first robust and reliable sample of 14 anti-truncated S0--E/S0 galaxies beyond the local Universe, in the range 0.2<z<0.6. PSF effects significantly affect the shape of the surface brightness profiles in galaxy discs even in the case of the narrow PSF of HST/ACS images, so future studies on the subject should make an effort to correct them.Comment: Accepted for publishing in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 75 pages, 57 figure