18 research outputs found
Resurgence of a Nation’s Radiation Science Driven by Its Nuclear Industry Needs
From MDPI via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: accepted 2021-10-26, pub-electronic 2021-11-23Publication status: PublishedThis article describes the radiation facilities and associated sample preparation, management, and analysis equipment currently in place at the Dalton Cumbrian Facility, a facility which opened in 2011 to support the UK’s nuclear industry. Examples of measurements performed using these facilities are presented to illustrate their versatility and the breadth of research they make possible. Results are presented from research which furthers our understanding of radiation damage to polymeric materials, radiolytic yield of gaseous products in situations relevant to nuclear materials, radiation chemistry in light water reactor cooling systems, material chemistry relevant to immobilization of nuclear waste, and radiation-induced corrosion of fuel cladding elements. Applications of radiation chemistry relevant to health care are also described. Research concerning the mechanisms of radioprotection by dietary carotenoids is reported. An ongoing open-labware project to develop a suite of modular sample handling components suited to radiation research is described, as is the development of a new neutron source able to provide directional beams of neutrons
Comparison of direct digital and conventional imaging with Ekta Speed Plus and INSIGHT films for the detection of approximal caries
Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of approximal caries detection comparing enhanced and unenhanced Sidexis CCD-based digital image with Ektaspeed Plus and INSIGHT films. Methods: Fifty-two extracted premolars were imaged under identical standardized geometric and exposure conditions. Four observers, using five points confidence scale, rated 104 approximal surfaces for the presence or absence of carious lesions by means of four image modalities: (1) observer enhanced; (2) unenhanced Sidexis displays; (3) E speed films and (4) F speed film. Histologic sections served as validating criterion for the presence and depth of carious lesions. Diagnostic accuracy was measured as the area beneath the ROC curve. Results: Mean ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve areas for approximal surfaces were 0.865 (E speed), 0.856 (F speed), 0.816 (unenhanced Sidexis) and 0.776 (observer enhanced). There were no significant differences between unenhanced digital Sidexis and films. Observer enhanced Sidexis images exhibited a statistically significant lower diagnostic accuracy than the film images for two of the observers
The Evidence of the Rugoscopy Effectiveness as a Human Identification Method in Patients Submitted to Rapid Palatal Expansion
The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of rugoscopy as a human identification method, even when the patient is submitted to rapid palatal expansion, which in theory would introduce doubt. With this intent, the Rugoscopic Identity was obtained for each subject using the classification formula proposed by Santos based on the intra-oral casts made before and after treatment from patients who were subjected to palatal expansion. The casts were labeled with the patients' initials and randomly arranged for studying. The palatine rugae kept the same patterns in every case studied. The technical error of the intra-evaluator measurement provided a confidence interval of 95%, making rugoscopy a reliable identification method for patients who were submitted to rapid palatal expansion, because even in the presence of intra-oral changes owing to the use of palatal expanders, the palatine rugae retained the biological and technical requirements for the human identification process.581SIS235S23
Dental age in patients with Down syndrome Idade dentária em pacientes com sĂndrome de Down
The aim of this research was to evaluate dental age in 102 patients with Down Syndrome, using panoramic radiographs. A software program developed by the Discipline of Radiology, School of Dentistry of SĂŁo JosĂ© dos Campos, SĂŁo Paulo State University (UNESP), was used. A table of mineralization chronology of permanent teeth among Brazilians conceived by Nicodemo, Moraes and Medici Filho was used within the software. Statistical analysis of the results showed that 70.91% of the males and 61.21% of the females presented advanced dental age. Only 32.09% of the males and 38.79% of the females presented delayed dental age. Regarding the differences between the dental and chronological ages, two thirds of the males and females presented dental age with differences of up to 12 months, which means that they can be considered to be within normal standards, whereas only 18.87% of the males and 10.21% of the females presented dental age outside normal standards, with differences of over 24 months. In conclusion, the majority of the patients with Down Syndrome were considered to be within the normal standards of mineralization chronology.<br>O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a idade dentária em 102 indivĂduos com sĂndrome de Down, por meio de radiografias panorâmicas. Foi usado um "software" desenvolvido pela disciplina de Radiologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de SĂŁo JosĂ© dos Campos (UNESP). Neste "software", foi utilizada a tabela de cronologia de mineralização dos dentes permanentes entre brasileiros, de Nicodemo, Moraes e Medici Filho. A análise estatĂstica dos resultados mostrou que 70,91% dos indivĂduos do sexo masculino e 61,21% do sexo feminino apresentaram idade dentária adiantada. Apenas 32,09% dos indivĂduos do sexo masculino e 38,79% dos indivĂduos do sexo feminino apresentaram idade dentária atrasada. Com relação Ă s diferenças entre idade dentária e idade cronolĂłgica, dois terços dos indivĂduos dos sexos masculino e feminino apresentaram idades dentárias com atĂ© 12 meses de diferença, o que significa que estĂŁo dentro do padrĂŁo de normalidade; enquanto 18,87% dos indivĂduos do sexo masculino e 10,21% dos indivĂduos do sexo feminino apresentaram idades dentárias fora do padrĂŁo de normalidade com diferenças acima de 24 meses. Concluiu-se que a maioria dos pacientes com sĂndrome de Down estava dentro do padrĂŁo de normalidade de desenvolvimento dentário
Avaliação da incidĂŞncia de cárie em pacientes com sĂndrome de Down apĂłs sua inserção em um programa preventivo Evaluation of the incidence of dental caries in patients with Down syndrome after their insertion in a preventive program
O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a incidĂŞncia de cárie dentária por meio dos Ăndices CPO-D, CPO-S, ceo-d e ceo-s em indivĂduos com sĂndrome de Down regularmente matriculados em um programa preventivo. Foram examinados 24 indivĂduos com sĂndrome de Down de ambos os sexos, com idade entre um e 48 anos. A prevalĂŞncia (situação experimental inicial) e a incidĂŞncia (situação experimental final) de cárie dentária foram verificadas utilizando-se os Ăndices CPO-D, CPO-S, ceo-d e ceo-s iniciais e finais dos participantes. Dos 24 indivĂduos examinados, dez (42,0%) eram livres de cárie. A prevalĂŞncia de cárie dentária mostrou valores de CPO-D= 2,33; CPO-S= 3,60; ceo-d= 1,75 e ceo-s= 2,80; enquanto a incidĂŞncia de cárie apresentou valores de 2,33; 3,80; 1,10 e 1,90, respectivamente. Os indivĂduos com sĂndrome de Down avaliados neste estudo apresentaram baixos Ăndices de cárie e pequena incidĂŞncia de novas lesões, enfatizando a importância da manutenção desses pacientes em programas preventivos.<br>The objective of this work was to verify the incidence of dental caries by means of the CPO-D, CPO-S, ceo-d and ceo-s indexes in patients with Down syndrome regularly enrolled in a preventive program. Twenty four Down syndrome patients of both sexes age range of one to 48 years were examined. The prevalence (initial experimental situation) and incidence (final experimental situation) of dental caries were verified using of the initial and final CPO-D, CPO-S, ceo-d and ceo-s indexes of the participants. From 24 individual examined, 10 (42.0%) were free of caries. The prevalence of dental caries showed values of CPO-D= 2.33; CPO-S= 3.60; ceo-d= 1.75 e ceo-s= 2.80; while the incidence of caries showed values of 2.33; 3.80; 1.10 e 1.90, respectively. Down syndrome individuals evaluated in this study presented low level of caries and small incidence of new lesions, emphasizing the importance of the maintenance of these patients at preventive programs
Resurgence of a Nation’s Radiation Science Driven by its Nuclear Industry Needs
This article describes the radiation facilities and associated sample preparation, management, and analysis equipment currently in place at the Dalton Cumbrian Facility, a facility which opened in 2011 to support the UK’s nuclear industry. Examples of measurements performed using these facilities are presented to illustrate their versatility and the breadth of research they make possible. Results are presented from research which furthers our understanding of radiation damage to polymeric materials, radiolytic yield of gaseous products in situations relevant to nuclear materials, radiation chemistry in light water reactor cooling systems, material chemistry relevant to immobilization of nuclear waste, and radiation-induced corrosion of fuel cladding elements. Applications of radiation chemistry relevant to health care are also described. Research concerning the mechanisms of radioprotection by dietary carotenoids is reported. An ongoing open-labware project to develop a suite of modular sample handling components suited to radiation research is described, as is the development of a new neutron source able to provide directional beams of neutrons