Aristotle on Akratic Action: How Rational Is It?

My answer to the question asked in the paper’s title is: akratic action-acting contrary to what one believes or knows is the best course of action open to one, or “weakness of will”—is not rational at all, according to Aristotle (here restricting myself to his discussion of akrasia in the Nicomachean Ethics, VII. 1-3). In saying that it is ‘not rational at all,’ I have in mind that there is no “intellectual,” or “cognitive,” faculty at work which so much as helps to bring about the akratic act-there is, in other words, no way in which the akrates “figures out” how to perform the akratic act

The American Garden: Two Divergent Paths

...it must be admitted that America has not given rise to vernacular styles of landscape design which are as distinctively original as its vernacular building styles. Since colonial times American gardens have been adaptations of European models..

Political and Economic Class Practices in U.S. Farmers \u27 Mobilizations: Continuities and Discontinuities

Carl C. Taylor\u27s publication of The Farmers\u27 Movement: 1620-1920 constitutes one of the few attempts by a single author to review the history of farmers\u27 movements in the U.S. More significantly, Taylor hypothesizes a continuity that links these various farmers\u27 movements to one another. Indeed, Taylor (1953:2) contends that the various farmer revolts have only been the high tides of a Farmers\u27 Movement which \u27is as persistent as the Labor Movement\u27. Taylor\u27s thesis stands out against a literature that is primarily oriented Coward analysis of each episode of agrarian mobilization as a distinct, historical event. Taylor\u27s thesis provokes a framework of questioning (Kasler, 1988) Chat generates important insights into the nature of social movements. Questions are raised about the role of abeyance processes (V. Taylor, 1989) and the class character of these mobilizations. The former concern with the abeyance process follows from considering the thesis of continuity. This latter concern with class analysis was, in fact, Taylor\u27s initial interest. In concluding his history of farmers\u27 movements, he wrote (1953- :492): The first search was for an answer to that question: Are farmers a social class? Taylor believed that the search for an answer to that question was fruitless given the social class theories of his eta. More recent developments in class analysis and social movement theory permit us to reconsider Taylor\u27s thesis of a unitary Farmers\u27 Movement in the context of his prior question concerning the class character of American farmers. This undertaking also advances sociology\u27s project of bringing class analysis to social movement theory. That task is, in turn, part of the larger project of breathing life into the inanimate structuralism characteristic of much class analysis, a problem chat pervades much work in the \u27new sociology of agriculture.\u27 Taylor\u27s thesis inspires a sociological investigation of farmers\u27 movements that steps back from the nuances of specific mobilizations and seeks patterns that transcend distinct historical conjunctures\u27. The result is an analysis that is capable of discovering the perseverance of select mobilization strategies grounded in both persistent economic structures as well as in the agency embedded in the abeyance process

AA MS 04 Eastern Real Estate Archives Finding Aid

Description: The Eastern Real Estate Company was an association of African-Americans who bought and sold real estate in the Portland area from 1912-2001. The records in the Archives include articles of association, minutes, financial records, stock records, listings of stockholders, tax records, bank books and legal documents. Date Range: 1912-2001 Size of Collection: 1 ft

Panel IV

Horse Trade, Mule Trade, Woman Trade. Comparative Geographies in Faulkner\u27s Snopes Trilogy / Patrick Mooney, University of California at Santa Barbara Off the Psychological Map. Darl and Gavin Stevens\u27s Homeless Minds / Scott Ortolano Detecting the Great Migration / Stefan Solomon, University of New South Wale

Acceptability and proof of concept of internet-delivered treatment for depression, anxiety, and stress in university students: protocol for an open feasibility trial

BACKGROUND: In recent years, university counseling and mental health services have reported an increase in the number of clients seeking services and in yearly visits. This trend has been observed at many universities, indicating that behavioral and mental health issues pose significant problems for many college students. The aim of this study is to assess the acceptability and proof of concept of internet-delivered treatment for depression, anxiety, and stress for university students. METHODS/DESIGN: The study is an open feasibility trial of the SilverCloud programs for depression (Space from Depression), anxiety (Space from Anxiety), and stress (Space from Stress). All three are 8-module internet-delivered CBT (iCBT) intervention programs. Participants are assigned a supporter who provides weekly feedback on progress and exercises. Participants will complete the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and stress subscale of the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) as the outcome measures for the depression, anxiety, and stress interventions, respectively. Other outcomes include measures of acceptability of, and satisfaction, with the intervention. Data will be collected at baseline, 8 weeks and 3-month follow-up. DISCUSSION: It is anticipated that the study will inform the researchers and service personnel of the programs' potential to reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in a student population as well as the protocols to be employed in a future trial. In addition, it will provide insight into students' engagement with the programs, their user experience, and their satisfaction with the online delivery format

Thermal Analysis of Fly Ashes Sourced from European Non-Blended Coals

Fly ashes exist as a mixture of major amorphous phases and minor crystalline phases. For commercial applications, such as in concretes and for the production of zeolites, it would be desirable to be able to predict the reactivity of fly ashes. The amorphous phase dominates degradation behaviour, because glasses have a higher potential energy than the equivalent crystal structure and the variation of bond angles and distances in a glass make the bond breakage easier. Despite the large quantities of fly ash produced annually by coal-burning power plants, there have been very few studies investigating the microstructure and composition of the amorphous component. In particular, there has been little research undertaken in measuring the glass transition temperature (Tg), which can be directly correlated to the chemical reactivity of the glass phase. Thirteen European fly ashes were used for the present study. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was employed to determine the presence of transition temperatures and any other thermal events (exotherms or endotherms) in the glassy phase of the fly ashes. Several different but distinct behaviours were evident in the DSC traces with Tg values visible for six of the ashes. The results suggest that thermal analysis has potential as a technique for fly ash characterisation. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry

Modelling of the Glass Phase in Fly Ashes using Network Connectivity Theory

The amorphous phase of fly ash dominates degradation behaviour because glass has a higher potential energy than the equivalent crystal structure and the variation of bond angles and distances in a glass make the bond breakage easier. It would be advantageous to predict the presence and subsequent degradability of glass on the basis of the solid-state chemistry of the fly ash. To this end, and inorganic polymer model was applied to a selection of European fly ashes to determine the value known as cross-link density (CLD). A cross-link density value of less than two implies that the material is amorphous in nature and the lower the CLD below two, the greater the reactivity and solubility of the glass. Applying this model may facilitate the selection of the most suitable fly ash for a particular recycling application where glass reactivity or dissolution rates are important. To check the applicability of the model to the glass phase of fly ashes, CLD calculations have been performed by removing the contribution to the ash composition from the known crystal phases. The model would be then expected to give a maximum CLD value of two for all the materials. While this approach has been applied successfully to synthetic glasses and glass-ceramics in the past, only very limited applicability has been found with fly ashes. This is believed to be due to the inherent heterogeneity of the glass phase in fly ash. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry

Ariel - Volume 8 Number 2

Executive Editor James W. Lockard , Jr. Issue Editor Doug Hiller Business Manager Neeraj K. Kanwal University News Richard J. Perry World News Doug Hiller Opinions Elizabeth A. McGuire Features Patrick P. Sokas Sports Desk Shahab S. Minassian Managing Editor Edward H. Jasper Managing Associate Brenda Peterson Photography Editor Robert D. Lehman, Jr. Graphics Christine M. Kuhnl