Influence of antimicrobial solutions in the decontamination and adhesion of glass-fiber posts to root canals

AbstractObjective This study evaluated the effect of root canal disinfectants on the elimination of bacteria from the root canals, as well as their effect on glass-fiber posts bond strength.Material and Methods Fifty-three endodontically treated root canals had post spaces of 11 mm in length prepared and contaminated with E. faecalis. For CFU/ml analysis, eight teeth were contaminated for 1 h or 30 days (n=4). Teeth were decontaminated with 5% NaOCl, 2% CHX, or distilled water. As control, no decontamination was conducted. After decontamination, sterile paper points were used to collect samples, and CFU/ml were counted. For push-out, three groups were evaluated (n=15): irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl, 2% CHX, or sterile distilled water. A bonding agent was applied to root canal dentin, and a glass-fiber post was cemented with a dual-cured cement. After 24 h, 1-mm-thick slices of the middle portion of root canals were obtained and submitted to the push-out evaluation. Three specimens of each group were evaluated in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s T3 test (α=0.05).Results The number of CFU/ml increased from 1 h to 30 days of contamination in control and sterile distilled water groups. Decontamination with NaOCl was effective only when teeth were contaminated for 1 h. CHX was effective at both contamination times. NaOCl did not influence the bond strength (p>0.05). Higher values were observed with CHX (p<0.05). SEM showed formation of resin tags in all groups.Conclusion CHX showed better results for the irrigation of contaminated root canals both in reducing the bacterial contamination and in improving the glass-fiber post bonding

Physical Education: academic graduate and professional performance in health field

This paper presented the graduation course experience of the Physical Education Faculty at UNICAMP - State University of Campinas and its curricular reorganization facing the new guidelines. Shows the existence of an integrated formation, but aiming to discuss the questions linked to the subjects of the biological sciences and health areas as well, emphasizing its formation common of the undergraduate students and their professional performance fields. So it can be considered that the professional of Physical education should present domain of the knowledge of the area, as interdisciplinary and with scientific basis of the biological sciences, exact and human field. These are essential in the professional's of Physical Education formation, once it has been allowing the systemization of the physical exercise, and more specifically, brought important repercussions in the area of the health, aiding in the understanding of the applied knowledge in the different places of professional performance, such as: clubs, fitness, schools, companies, exercise laboratories, leisure and others.4th Seminar on Studies and Research in Vocational Training in the Field of Physical Education : NOV 20-23, 2008 : Baurn, BRAZIL : NEPEF : UNESP15119219

Genetic aspects of athletic performance: the African runners phenomenon

Rodrigo Luiz Vancini,1 Jo&atilde;o Bosco Pesquero,2 Rafael J&uacute;lio Fachina,3,4 Mar&iacute;lia dos Santos Andrade,1 Jo&atilde;o Paulo Borin,3 Paulo C&eacute;sar Montagner,3 Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira51Centro de Educa&ccedil;&atilde;o F&iacute;sica e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Esp&iacute;rito Santo, Vit&oacute;ria, Esp&iacute;rito Santo, Brazil; 2Departamento de Biof&iacute;sica, Universidade Federal de S&atilde;o Paulo, S&atilde;o Paulo, Brazil; 3Departamento de Ci&ecirc;ncia do Esporte, Faculdade de Educa&ccedil;&atilde;o F&iacute;sica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; 4Confedera&ccedil;&atilde;o Brasileira de Basquetebol, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 5Setor de Fisiologia Humana e do Exerc&iacute;cio, Faculdade de Educa&ccedil;&atilde;o F&iacute;sica, Universidade Federal de Goi&aacute;s, Goi&acirc;nia, BrazilAbstract: The current dominance of African runners in long-distance running is an intriguing phenomenon that highlights the close relationship between genetics and physical performance. Many factors in the interesting interaction between genotype and phenotype (eg, high cardiorespiratory fitness, higher hemoglobin concentration, good metabolic efficiency, muscle fiber composition, enzyme profile, diet, altitude training, and psychological aspects) have been proposed in the attempt to explain the extraordinary success of these runners. Increasing evidence shows that genetics may be a determining factor in physical and athletic performance. But, could this also be true for African long-distance runners? Based on this question, this brief review proposed the role of genetic factors (mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid, the Y chromosome, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme and the alpha-actinin-3 genes) in the amazing athletic performance observed in African runners, especially the Kenyans and Ethiopians, despite their environmental constraints.Keywords: genes, genotype, physical exercise, endurance runner

Monitoring of immunological parameters in adolescent basketball athletes during and after a sports season

The objective of the present study was to monitor the immunological and hormonal responses and the occurrence of upper respiratory symptoms in adolescent basketball athletes during the different stages of a sports season. Anthropometric measures, biochemical analyses (interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein, testosterone and cortisol), neuromuscular evaluations (standing vertical jumping ability, agility and estimated VO2max) and leukocyte counts were performed at four moments: 72 h before the season (-72 h); before the season (Pre-season); after six weeks, at the end of the preparatory period (Preparatory); and after 20 weeks, at the end of the competitive period (Competitive). Also, the occurrence of upper respiratory symptoms was collected weekly during all stages of the season. There were significant increases in monocytes, cortisol, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and C-reactive protein at the Competitive moment as compared to the Pre-season. In addition, interleukin-10 decreased at the Competitive moment as compared to the Pre-season. Occurrence of upper respiratory symptoms demonstrated increases (38%) during the competitive period as compared to the preparatory. These results suggest that periods of training and competition could increase the occurrence of upper respiratory symptoms in adolescent athletes and this may be due to the unwanted effects of an inflammatory process in response to the excessive stress of training and competition.32111050105

Hydrolysed whey protein reduces muscle damage markers in Brazilian elite soccer players compared with whey protein and maltodextrin. A twelve-week in-championship intervention

Health parameters, performance and body composition effects produced by twelve weeks of intervention with hydrolysed whey protein in elite soccer players from a Brazilian team during an actual championship were compared. Twenty-four players were divided into three groups according to supplement: whey protein (WP), hydrolysed whey protein (HWP), or a non-protein placebo (maltodextrin, MALTO). Biochemical, anthropometric and performance tests were applied on week 0 and week 12 of the intervention. Intervention with hydrolysed whey protein resulted in significant decreases in the muscle damage indicators, creatine kinase (-42%) and lactate dehydrogenase (-30%), compared with increases in the MALTO group. Supplementation with whey protein showed no significant changes in these indicators compared with the MALTO group. Muscle mass showed no changes, and physical performance in an aerobic test was decreased in the HWP group compared with the MALTO and WP groups. These data suggest that the consumption of HWP decreases muscle damage. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.341192