Reprodutibilidade das respostas metabólicas e cardiorrespiratórias fisiológicas em um protocolo de exercício intermitente realizado com recuperação passiva e ativa

The main objective of this study was to analyze the reliability of blood lactate concentration ([La]), oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (FC) in an intermittent protoco, performed at 95%VO2max with passive or active recovery in untrained subjects. Participated of this study, active healthy males with 20 to 25 years, which were doing aerobic exercises witha weekly frequency of 3 sessions at least. The individulas performed, in different days, the following protocols in a cyclergometer: 1) An incremental test until exhaustion to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and the intensity at VO2max; b) Two transitions at 95%VO2max for the determination of the VO2 kinetics parameters and; c) Two intermittent tests until exhaustion, with repetitions at 95% IVO2max and with durantion defined as being half of the duration of the slow component. The duration of the recovery was half of the duration of the effort (effort:pause of 2:1). This test was performed with passive (GP) and active recovery (GA). The VO2 and FC were measured continulously in both tests. Blood collections were performed for the determination of the [La]. There was significant correlação in both groups for VO2 (ATIVA - 0.94, PASSIVA - 0.75), [La] (ATIVA - 0.83, PASSIVA - 0.90) and FC (0.93) only for the passive group. Thus, it can be concluded that the cardiorrespiratory and metabolic responses present good realiability in an intermittent exercise with active or passive recoveryO principal objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a reprodutibilidade da concentração de lactato sanguíneo ([La]), consumo de oxigênio (VO2) e frequência cardíaca (FC) em um protocolo intermitente realizado a 95%VO2max com recuperação passiva ou ativa em indivíduos não-treinados. Participaram deste estudo, indivíduos ativos saudáveis do gênero masculino, com idades entre 20 e 25 anos, e que realizavam exercícios aeróbios com uma freqüência semanal de pelo menos três sessões. Os indivíduos realizaram, em dias diferentes, os seguintes protocolos em um cicloergômetro: 1) Um teste incremental até a exaustão para a determinação do consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max) e da intensidade associada ao VO2max; b) Duas transições a 95%VO2max para a determinação dos parâmetros da cinética do VO2, e; c) Dois testes intermitentes até a exaustão, com repetições realizadas a 95% IVO2max e com duração definida na metade da duração do componente lento. A duração da recuperação foi a metade da duração do esforço (relação esforço:pausa de 2:1). Este teste foi feito com recuperação passiva (GP) e ativa (GA). O VO2 e a FC foram mensurados continuamente nos dois testes. Foram realizadas coletas de sangue para a análise da [La]. Houve correlação significante nos dois grupos para as variáveis VO2 (ATIVA - 0,94, PASSIVA - 0,75), [La] (ATIVA - 0,83, PASSIVA - 0,90) e na FC (0,93) para o grupo com recuperação passiva. Portanto, pode-se concluir que as respostas cardiorrespiratória e metabólica apresentam boa reprodutibilidade em um exercício intermitente com recuperação ativa ou passiv

Reliability of Cardiorespiratory Parameters During Cycling Exercise Performed at the Severe Domain in Active Individuals

Barbosa, LF, Montagnana, L, Denadai, BS, and Greco, CC. Reliability of cardiorespiratory parameters during cycling exercise performed at the severe domain in active individuals. J Strength Cond Res 28(4): 976-981, 2014-The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability of cardiorespiratory parameters during cycling exercise performed at severe domain in active individuals. Thirteen active males (24.5 +/- 4.5 years) performed the following tests: (a) an incremental test to determine V ̇o(2)max and the intensity associated with V ̇o(2)max (IV ̇o(2)max); and (b) 4 repetitions of square-wave transitions from rest to a power corresponding to 95%IV ̇o(2)max to determine the parameters of V ̇o(2) kinetics and time to exhaustion (Tlim). Participants performed only 2 transitions on any given day. The interval between the 2 experimental sessions was 48-72 hours. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and typical error as the coefficient of variation were used to assess reliability. Although the 2 measures of Tlim were moderately related (ICC = 0.78; p < 0.01), Tlim from the second session (545.2 +/- 103.1 seconds) was significantly higher than that of the first (492.5 +/- 100.9 seconds; p = 0.02). Moderate to high reliability (ICC = 0.76-0.93) for the amplitudes of the V ̇o(2) kinetics responses was found. Poor reliability, however, was found for time constants and time delays of the V ̇o(2) kinetics responses. Thus, in nonfamiliarized individuals, Tlim shows a relatively low within-subject coefficient of variation. However, the second score in a series of 2 Tlim tests may be significantly greater than the first. We have also demonstrated that the amplitudes of the V ̇o(2) response have significantly moderate to high reliability. The time-based parameters, however, present an important day-to-day intraindividual variation. Therefore, several transitions are recommended to monitoring changes in an individual over any time frame.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Genome-Wide Association Study of Blood Pressure Extremes Identifies Variant near UMOD Associated with Hypertension

Hypertension is a heritable and major contributor to the global burden of disease. The sum of rare and common genetic variants robustly identified so far explain only 1%-2% of the population variation in BP and hypertension. This suggests the existence of more undiscovered common variants. We conducted a genome-wide association study in 1,621 hypertensive cases and 1,699 controls and follow-up validation analyses in 19,845 cases and 16,541 controls using an extreme case-control design. We identified a locus on chromosome 16 in the 59 region of Uromodulin (UMOD; rs13333226, combined P value of 3.6x10(-11)). The minor G allele is associated with a lower risk of hypertension (OR [95% CI]: 0.87 [0.84-0.91]), reduced urinary uromodulin excretion, better renal function; and each copy of the G allele is associated with a 7.7% reduction in risk of CVD events after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and smoking status (H.R. = 0.923, 95% CI 0.860-0.991; p = 0.027). In a subset of 13,446 individuals with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurements, we show that rs13333226 is independently associated with hypertension (unadjusted for eGFR: 0.89 [0.83-0.96], p = 0.004; after eGFR adjustment: 0.89 [0.83-0.96], p = 0.003). In clinical functional studies, we also consistently show the minor G allele is associated with lower urinary uromodulin excretion. The exclusive expression of uromodulin in the thick portion of the ascending limb of Henle suggests a putative role of this variant in hypertension through an effect on sodium homeostasis. The newly discovered UMOD locus for hypertension has the potential to give new insights into the role of uromodulin in BP regulation and to identify novel drugable targets for reducing cardiovascular risk.Stress-related psychiatric disorders across the life spa

Genome-Wide Association Study of Blood Pressure Extremes Identifies Variant near UMOD Associated with Hypertension

Hypertension is a heritable and major contributor to the global burden of disease. The sum of rare and common genetic variants robustly identified so far explain only 1%-2% of the population variation in BP and hypertension. This suggests the existence of more undiscovered common variants. We conducted a genome-wide association study in 1,621 hypertensive cases and 1,699 controls and follow-up validation analyses in 19,845 cases and 16,541 controls using an extreme case-control design. We identified a locus on chromosome 16 in the 59 region of Uromodulin (UMOD; rs13333226, combined P value of 3.6x10(-11)). The minor G allele is associated with a lower risk of hypertension (OR [95% CI]: 0.87 [0.84-0.91]), reduced urinary uromodulin excretion, better renal function; and each copy of the G allele is associated with a 7.7% reduction in risk of CVD events after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and smoking status (H.R. = 0.923, 95% CI 0.860-0.991; p = 0.027). In a subset of 13,446 individuals with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurements, we show that rs13333226 is independently associated with hypertension (unadjusted for eGFR: 0.89 [0.83-0.96], p = 0.004; after eGFR adjustment: 0.89 [0.83-0.96], p = 0.003). In clinical functional studies, we also consistently show the minor G allele is associated with lower urinary uromodulin excretion. The exclusive expression of uromodulin in the thick portion of the ascending limb of Henle suggests a putative role of this variant in hypertension through an effect on sodium homeostasis. The newly discovered UMOD locus for hypertension has the potential to give new insights into the role of uromodulin in BP regulation and to identify novel drugable targets for reducing cardiovascular risk

Genome-Wide Association Study of Blood Pressure Extremes Identifies Variant near UMOD Associated with Hypertension

Hypertension is a heritable and major contributor to the global burden of disease. The sum of rare and common genetic variants robustly identified so far explain only 1%–2% of the population variation in BP and hypertension. This suggests the existence of more undiscovered common variants. We conducted a genome-wide association study in 1,621 hypertensive cases and 1,699 controls and follow-up validation analyses in 19,845 cases and 16,541 controls using an extreme case-control design. We identified a locus on chromosome 16 in the 5′ region of Uromodulin (UMOD; rs13333226, combined P value of 3.6×10−11). The minor G allele is associated with a lower risk of hypertension (OR [95%CI]: 0.87 [0.84–0.91]), reduced urinary uromodulin excretion, better renal function; and each copy of the G allele is associated with a 7.7% reduction in risk of CVD events after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and smoking status (H.R. = 0.923, 95% CI 0.860–0.991; p = 0.027). In a subset of 13,446 individuals with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurements, we show that rs13333226 is independently associated with hypertension (unadjusted for eGFR: 0.89 [0.83–0.96], p = 0.004; after eGFR adjustment: 0.89 [0.83–0.96], p = 0.003). In clinical functional studies, we also consistently show the minor G allele is associated with lower urinary uromodulin excretion. The exclusive expression of uromodulin in the thick portion of the ascending limb of Henle suggests a putative role of this variant in hypertension through an effect on sodium homeostasis. The newly discovered UMOD locus for hypertension has the potential to give new insights into the role of uromodulin in BP regulation and to identify novel drugable targets for reducing cardiovascular risk